Period-doubling bifurcation in surface radio-frequency trap: Transition to chaos through Feigenbaum scenario.

We have numerically investigated the dynamics of charged microparticles in a "five-wire" surface radio-frequency trap. The period-doubling bifurcation conditions have been shown to depend on the particle, the trap, and the alternating voltage parameters. For a comprehensive study of the dynamics chaotization through a cascade of period doubling, we have used Fourier analysis of a particle trajectory as well as the calculations of a non-trivial Lyapunov exponent map. We have demonstrated that the period-doubling bifurcation is consistent with a Feigenbaum scenario. A new approach to particle property determination can, thus, be based on observing a period-doubling bifurcation.

[First time revealed small formations of lungs (under 2 cm in diameter). Dynamic follow-up or surgery?] / Vpervye vyyavlennye ochagovye obrazovaniya legkikh malogo razmera (do 2 sm v diametre). Dinamicheskoe nablyudenie ili operatsiya?

AIM: To develop the treatment algorithm in patients with first time revealed lung lesions smaller than 2 cm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 110 patients with pathological lung lesions with small dimensions who have been treated in the Burdenko Clinic of Faculty Surgery for the period 1997-2013. All patients underwent surgical removal of lung tissue using different surgical approaches: 44 cases of videothoracoscopic resections, 43 video-assisted minithoracotomies, 23 minithoracotomies. RESULTS: There were 25 patients with lung cancer, 38 cases of benign tumours (hamartoma and tuberculoma) and 10 patients with disseminated tuberculosis thar required special treatment. CONCLUSION: Small pulmonary formations (from 0.5 to 2 cm) can be removed without morphological verification prior to surgery. Optimal surgical approach should be selected depending on the amount and size of formations. Management of solitary lung formation smaller than 0.5 cm that was newly diagnosed by computed tomography should include dynamic follow-up and performance of computed tomography in 3-6-12 months.

[EFFECTIVENESS OF PREVENTIVE VACCINE PROPHYLAXIS OF CHICKEN POX IN MILITARY COLLECTIVES].

AIM: Study the effectiveness of preventive vaccine prophylaxis of chicken pox in military collectives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the focus of chicken pox, 200 servicemen of the new addition by conscription were immunized once against chicken pox; 97 servicemen by conscription of the new addition (comparison group) were not vaccinated. Epidemiologic and immunologic effectiveness of conduction of preventive vaccine prophylaxis in chicken pox focus were studied. RESULTS: In the group of 200 soldiers, that were present in the focus of infection and were immunized once against chicken pox, only 2 cases of this disease were registered (10 per thousand). In the comparison group, that consisted of 97 unvaccinated servicemen, chicken pox disease was registered in 7 individuals (72 per thousand). Epidemiologic effectiveness of preventive vaccine prophylaxis of chicken pox amounted to 86%. Immunologic effectiveness of vaccination 2-3 weeks after the immunization was 42%, and 2 months after--44%. Local reactions in the form of hyperemia (up to 1.5 cm) and edema were noted in 10% of the vaccinated at the location of preparation administration; in 1.7%--general reaction in the form of temperature increase to 37.8°C was observed. Post-vaccinal complications in the immunized group were not detected. CONCLUSION: Preventive vaccination of servicemen allows to minimize the spread of chicken pox, however can not serve as means of complete elimination of the infection from military collectives.

[Epidemiological peculiarities of acute respiratory diseases and its prophylaxis in Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs].

Acute respiratory diseases is the current problem of the medical service and command of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In recent years on the background of increase of contract servicemen the total rate of these infections decreased. However, rate of acute respiratory diseases in conscripts remains high and has a tendency to increase. Due to restricted possibilities of immunization in case of acute respiratory diseases it is necessary to improve the non-specific prophylaxis. The guaranty of sanitary-and-epidemiological safety may be active participation of military-and-professional society in realization of lifesaving measures and safety of military service.

The rolC gene increases caffeoylquinic acid production in transformed artichoke cells.

Caffeoylquinic acids are found in artichokes, and they are currently considered important therapeutic or preventive agents for treating Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. We transformed artichoke [the cultivated cardoon or Cynara cardunculus var. altilis DC (Asteraceae)] with the rolC gene, which is a known inducer of secondary metabolism. High-performance liquid chromatography with UV and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV-HRMS) revealed that the predominant metabolites synthesized in the transgenic calli were 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and chlorogenic acid. The rolC-transformed calli contained 1.5% caffeoylquinic acids by dry weight. The overall production of these metabolites was three times higher than that of the corresponding control calli. The enhancing effect of rolC remained stable over long-term cultivation.

[Some epidemiological aspects of respiratory diseases in in-country forces of the ministry of internal affairs of the Russian Federation in 1998-2011].

The authors analyzed the rate of respiratory diseases among the contingent of the in-country forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for the last 14 years. It was noted that the rate of respiratory diseases in 2009-2011 is higher than in 1998-2007. It is concerned with cold aggression and factors of intermigling of contingent, and also with mistakes of prevention actions. Improvement of life quality during all types of military service, improvement of prevention measures is necessary for the complex prevention of respiratory diseases.

[Epidemiological and environmental specifications of acute tonsillitis (angines) in contract servicemen of internal troops of the Russian Interior Ministry].

The features of disease tonsillitis (angines) in contract servicemen of internal troops of the Russian Interior Ministry in the period from 2000 to 2009 were studied. The authors calculated trends for long-term dynamics of its troops as whole and regional commands. The incidence of quinsy in the period under review tended to moderate reduction in the rate of 3.2% per year. The most significant increase in incidence is observed in a test in 2001 when there was formation of a large compound located in the field. In 2009, the share of sore throats in the structure of general morbidity of military personnel on a contract by 4.7%, the highest rate recorded in their autumn-winter period, due to the influence of "cold" factor.

[Epidemiological characteristics of acute tonsillitis in military draft personnel from troops of the Ministry of Interior of Russia].

Studied the incidence of angina conscripts in the Russian Interior Ministry troops in the period from 2000 to 2009, given its epidemiological characteristics, calculated rates of changes for the troops in general and regional commands. The incidence of angina tended to moderate growth with an average rate of 4.5% per year. The greatest increase in the frequency of sore throats was registered in 2009 during the reform period of Interior troops, when their share in the overall incidence of conscripts reached 5.9%. The structure of the monthly incidence of maximum values were recorded twice a year--in January and July (the first few months of winter and summer periods of study).

[Nonspecific prophylaxis of tonsillitis in military drafted personnel of internal troops of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia].

The morbidity of tonsillitis in military drafting personnel of internal troops of Ministry of the Interior of Russia was high and had the up trend during 2000-2007. In 2008-2009 took place new increase of these diseases. The most unfortunate was the Second training center. Overcrowded accommodation of cadets in kasernes and complete rotation 2 times per year promoted this increase. The conditions of accommodation of cadets ware improved in 2010, preventive prophylaxis of tonsillitis was provided with the help of Bitsillin-5. As a result, the amount of ill in the Second training center during the summer 2010 was 5, 6 times lower than in the same period of 2009. It shows that the best antiepidemic effect can be achieved with combination of measures against the carry-over of causative agent and medicated prophylaxis.

Nanostructure of vortex during explosion welding.

The microstructure of a bimetallic joint made by explosion welding of orthorhombic titanium aluminide (Ti-30Al-16Nb-1Zr-1Mo) with commercially pure titanium is studied. It is found that the welded joint has a multilayered structure including a severely deformed zone observed in both materials, a recrystallized zone of titanium, and a transition zone near the interface. Typical elements of the transition zone-a wavy interface, macrorotations of the lattice, vortices and tracks of fragments of the initial materials-are determined. It is shown that the observed vortices are formed most probably due to local melting of the material near the contact surface. Evidence for this assumption is deduced from the presence of dipoles, which consist of two vortices of different helicity and an ultrafine duplex structure of the vortex. Also, high mixing of the material near the vortex is only possible by the turbulent transport whose coefficient is several orders of magnitude larger than the coefficient of atomic diffusion in liquids. The role played by fragmentation in both the formation of lattice macrorotations and the passage of coarse particles of one material through the bulk of the other is determined.

[Community-acquired pneumonia among the conscripts of Interior Forces in Russia: characteristics of the epidemic process].

The dynamics of the incidence and characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia among the servicemen at the call of Interior Forces of Russia during the period 2000-2010 is analyzed. High frequency of pneumonia among the conscripts is provided by a number of factors: immunodepression during the period of adaptation to military service, the presence of a substantial portion of chronic respiratory disease, chill, overcrowded accommodation in the barracks and the "mixing factor". In recent years the level of this disease has had a positive effect of specific prophylaxis of pneumococcal infections and the transition period of one year of compulsory military service.

[Surgical access for small-sized lung lesions].

Experience of diagnostics and surgical treatment of of 100 patients with small-sized lung lesions was analyzed. Thus, authors pose, that patients with lung focal lesion less than 10mm in diameter, should have a lung resection, performed from minithoracotomy. Videthotacoscopic lung biopsy is appropriate by multiple focal lesions. Patients with solitary peripheral lung lesion more than 1sm in diameter, should get a lung resection, performed from minithoracotomy with videoassistance. Patients with solitary lesion less than 5 mm in diameter requier radiological dynamic follow-up (CT-scan each 6 months).

[Intraoperative ultrasound investigation and laser spectroscopy for diagnosis of cancer in patients with lung tumors].

The experience in more than 2000 surgeries on the lungs is analyzed. Recently intraoperative ultrasonic and laser autofluorescent spectroscopic revision of tumors of the lungs and mediastinal organs is successfully used. Intrasurgical ultrasonic examination of the lungs permits to detect the structure and diffusion of primary lung tumor (invasion of vessels) that influences policy of treatment. Optical spectroscopy permits one to carry out intraoperative rapid diagnosis of benign and malignant lung tumors.

[Correction of endotoxicosis in alcoholic pancreatitis in elderly and senile patients using discrete plasmapheresis].

The majority of critical conditions in man occur in diseases accompanied with development of endogenic intoxication syndrome. The search for universal criterion and design of highly effective programs for correction of this condition are of great importance for internal medicine and surgical practice. Discrete plasmapheresis for endotoxicosis in elderly and gerontological patients has its specific features which should be taken into consideration because of low adaptation abilities of such group of patients.