ABSTRACT
Estimation of the quality of the epidural anaesthesia of the patients sedated with Alprazolam and Midazolam in premedication before arthroscopy or arthrotomy of the knee was the goal of our study. Forty six (34 men and 12 women) ASA physical status 1-2 patients were divided into groups depending on the drugs orally applied in premedication (Alprazolam 0.5 mg, n = 29 or Midazolam 15 mg, n = 17) and of the kind of analgesia. The patients subjected to arthroscopy were treated with a single-shot epidural analgesia (n = 38), while those subjected to arthrotomy--with a continuous epidural analgesia (n = 8). 2% Lignocain with addition of Epinephrine and Fentanyl was used in the perioperative analgesia, while 0.25% Bupivacain with addition of Morphine was used in the postoperative period when continuous epidural analgesia was applied. The ISAS, VAS and Ramsey scales were used and the data were analysed with the Kormogolov test. The perioperative sedation in arthroscopy and arthrotomy of the knee is good without any significant differences associated with a kind of the drugs applied. The single-shot epidural anaesthesia is inadequate only during a prolonged arthroscopy of the knee. The postoperative continuous epidural analgesia, expressed in the VAS scale, was inadequate. A level of general satisfaction of the patients of the sedation and analgesia, expressed in the points of the ISAS scale, was satisfactorily good.
Subject(s)
Analgesia/methods , Arthroscopy/adverse effects , Conscious Sedation/methods , Knee Joint/surgery , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Administration, Oral , Alprazolam/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Female , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Humans , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Male , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Pain Measurement , Pain, Postoperative/etiology , Patient Satisfaction , Preanesthetic Medication , PremedicationABSTRACT
Cardioversion is one of the most effective treatment in cardiac arrhythmias. However, this technique is painful it requires proper anaesthesia assuring stable circulatory and respiratory functions. The authors compared two anaesthetics: etomidate and propanidid. No significant difference in their effects on both circulation and respiration has been noted. Some differences between both drugs in the produced adverse reactions were however noted. Etomidate caused pain at the site of injection, propanidid allergic reactions in the form of skin rash.
