ABSTRACT
Background: To investigate the occupational profile, educational level, marital status and deleterious habits to the health of patients with maxillofacial fractures of a population of northeastern Brazil. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of patients records admitted to the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Walter Cantídio University Hospital (Fortaleza, Brazil) who sustained maxillofacial fractures was conducted in the period between 2006 and 2015. Results: A total of 338 patients rendered 355 fractures. Males were the most affected (p <0.001), with prevalence in the third decade of life (p <0.001). There was a predominance of motorcycle accidents (p <0.001), home workers (p <0.001), low educational status (p = 0.032), and no cigarette use (p <0.001) or alcohol (p = 0.023). Fractures of the zygomatic-orbital complex were the most prevalent in the sample (p <0.001). Conclusions: The sociodemographic profile exerted a significant influence on the epidemiological profile of maxillofacial fractures in a Brazilian population during the study period (AU)
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Maxillofacial Injuries/epidemiology , Maxillofacial Injuries/prevention & control , Facial Bones/injuries , Retrospective Studies , Marital Status/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies/methodsABSTRACT
O trauma é reconhecido como um importante problema de saúde pública mundial,estando as fraturas maxilofaciais comumente associadas a populações vulneráveis de países em desenvolvimento. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetivou determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com trauma bucomaxilofacial em um hospital terciário do nordeste brasileiro no período de 2006 a 2015. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo com prontuários hospitalares, e os dados foram agrupados em variáveis independentes (dados sociodemográficos, etiológicos e terapêuticos) e variáveis de desfecho (ocorrência de fratura). Foram identificados 338 pacientes, com maioria do sexo masculino (p<0,001), idade entre 21-30 anos (p<0,001), portando principalmente fratura única (p<0,001) e relacionados ao não uso de itens de segurança (p<0,001). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa com relação à procedência (p=0,644), mas houve significância de acidentes motociclísticos (p<0,001). Prevaleceram fraturas de mandíbula e de complexo zigomático-orbital (p<0,001), notadamente as fraturas de ângulo mandibular (p<0,001). Foram estatisticamente significativos o tratamento cirúrgico aberto (p<0,001), em até 14 dias após o trauma,através de acesso intra oral (p<0,001), utilizando entubação nasotraqueal (p<0,001). Considerando os resultados do presente estudo, conclui-se que as fraturas maxilofaciais associaram-se significantemente com fatores sociodemográficos,etiológicos e terapêuticos na amostra estudada.
Trauma is recognized as a worldwide public health issue with maxillofacial fracturesbeing commonly seen in the most vulnerable populations of undeveloped countries.Thus, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological profile of oral andmaxillofacial trauma patients of a tertiary hospital in the northeast region of Brazilfrom 2006 to 2015. A retrospective study was conducted and the data obtained fromthe patients records were grouped into independent variables (socio-demographic,etiological and therapeutic data) and outcome variables (fracture occurrence). A total338 patients were identified, most of them male (p<0,001), aged between 21 to 30years (p<0,001), bearing mainly single fractures (p<0,001) and not wearing safetydevices (p<0,001). No statically significant difference was seen related with thegeographical place of origin (p=0,644), but motorcycle accidents was significant(p<0,001). Mandibular and orbital-zygomatic complex fractures were prevalent(p<0,001), specifically mandibular angle fractures (p<0,001). The following were alsoprevalent: open surgical treatment (p<0,001), in the first 14 days following the trauma,by means of an intra-oral approach (p<0,001) and nasotracheal intubation (p<0,001).Considering the results of this study, it can be concluded the maxillofacial fractureswere significantly associated with socio-demographic, etiological and therapeuticfactors within the studied sample.
Subject(s)
Humans , Facial Bones , Epidemiologic Studies , TraumatologyABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of preemptive analgesia with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in third-molar surgery. A PubMed literature search was conducted for articles restricted to the English language using the following terms (DeCS/MeSH) or combinations: analgesia, third molar, and preemptive. From a total of 704 articles, 6 (n=420 subjects) were selected. All studies presented a low risk of bias (Cochrane criteria) but exhibited high heterogeneity of methods. Two studies were excluded from the meta-analysis because they did not have adequate numeric values (dichotomous data) for the calculations. Preemptive analgesia showed no significant benefit (n=298, P=.2227, odds ratio: 2.30, 0.60-8.73) in reducing postoperative pain after removal of lower impacted third molars. However, there was a probable direct relationship between the effectiveness of NSAIDs in preemptive analgesia for removal of third molars and its selectivity for the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Preemptive analgesia did not have a significant effect in reducing postoperative pain after removal of lower impacted third molars. More homogeneous and well-delineated clinical studies are necessary to determine a possible association between NSAIDs' selectivity for COX-2 and treatment effectiveness.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Molar, Third/surgery , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Premedication , Tooth Extraction , Humans , Mandible/surgery , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Tooth, Impacted/surgeryABSTRACT
Facial beauty depends on shape, proportion, and harmony between the facial thirds. The chin is one of the most important components of the inferior third and has an important role on the definition of facial aesthetic and harmony in both frontal and lateral views. There are 2 principal therapeutic approaches that one can choose to treat mental deformities, alloplastic implants, and mental basilar ostectomy, also known as genioplasty. The latest is more commonly used because of great versatility in the correction of three-dimensional deformities of the chin and smaller taxes of postoperative complications. Possible transoperative and postoperative complications of genioplasty include mental nerve lesion, bleeding, damage to tooth roots, bone resorption of the mobilized segment, mandibular fracture, ptosis of the lower lip, and failure to stabilize the ostectomized segment. The study presents 2 cases of displacement of the osteotomized segment after genioplasty associated with facial trauma during postoperative orthognathic surgery followed by rare complications with no reports in the literature.
