ABSTRACT
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage the nucleic acids. The oxidative modification of the DNA constitutes the fundamental molecular event in carcinogenesis and that is why the interest in the study of the involvement of ROS in that process. On the other hand, oxidative DNA damage-induced mutagenesis is widely hypothesized to be a frequent event in the normal human cell. The enormous evidence suggests an important role of ROS in the expansion and progression of tumor clones, being considered a relevant class of carcinogens. In addition, the use of immunohistochemical techniques has showed that the various types of cancer examined to date manifest an imbalance in their antioxidant mechanisms to respect the primary cell. In the near future new insights in cancer therapies, based on modulation of cellular redox status, may lead the way to additional tools against carcinogenesis from ROS.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Free Radicals , Neoplasms/pathology , Oxygen/metabolism , Animals , Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology , Apoptosis , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Carotenoids/metabolism , DNA Damage , Disease Progression , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Micronutrients , Models, Biological , Mutagenesis , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasms/therapy , Oxidation-Reduction , Selenium/metabolism , Vitamin A/metabolism , Vitamin E/metabolismABSTRACT
The effect of Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang) on treatment of injury associated with hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion was tested. Vimang protects from the oxidative damage induced by oxygen-based free radicals as shown in several in vitro test systems conducted. The ability of Vimang to reduce liver damage was investigated in rats undergoing right-lobe blood fl ow occlusion for 45 min followed by 45 min of reperfusion. The ischaemia/reperfusion model leads to an increase of transaminase (ALT and AST), membrane lipid peroxidation, tissue neutrophil in filtration, DNA fragmentation, loss of protein -SH groups, cytosolic Ca2+ overload and a decrease of catalase activity. Oral administration of Vimang (50, 110 and 250 mg/kg, b.w.) 7 days before reperfusion, reduced transaminase levels and DNA fragmentation in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). Vimang also restored the cytosolic Ca2+ levels and inhibited polymorphonuclear migration at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w., improved the oxidation of total and non protein sulfhydryl groups and prevented modification in catalase activity, uric acid and lipid peroxidation markers (p < 0.05). These data suggest that Vimang could be a useful new natural drug for preventing oxidative damage during hepatic injury associated with free radical generation.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Ischemia/drug therapy , Liver/blood supply , Mangifera , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Alanine Transaminase/drug effects , Animals , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Aspartate Aminotransferases/drug effects , Female , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Liver Function Tests , Plant Bark , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Anti-inflammatory activity of an ethanolic extract from Bouchea fluminensis leaves was demonstrated. From de ethanolic extract, the active compound was isolated and characterized as the iridoid lamiide. The activity of lamiide on rat-brain phospholipid peroxidation showed a powerful effect (IC(50)=0.92+/-0.01 mM) and an anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenin-induced paw edema test (ED(50)=62.3+/-7 mg/kg weight).
