ABSTRACT
In this work, a method to standardize 226Ra solutions with descendants by 4παß liquid scintillation counting (LSC) has been used. The standardization can be carried out provided that the equilibrium state of 226Ra solutions, the counting efficiency of short-lived 214Po and/or the counter dead time are known. Procedures to obtain these requirements have been set up.
ABSTRACT
A procedure for the standardization of 210Pb solutions in radioactive disequilibrium, or incompletely purified from its descendants, has been set up and successfully validated. The method, based on joint measurements of 210Po by alpha-particle spectrometry (2πα counting) with grid ionization chamber and liquid scintillation counting for overall activity estimation, is presented as an alternative to 210Pb measurement by LSC with α/ß discrimination.
ABSTRACT
The nuclide 89Zr is being tested for the labelling of compounds with long blood circulation times. It decays by beta plus emission (22.8%) and by electron capture (77.2%) to 89Y. Its half-life has been determined by following the decay rate with two measurement systems; an Ionisation Chamber and an HPGe detector. The combination of six results gives a value of T1/2 = 78.333 (38) h, slightly lower than the DDEP recommended value of 78.42 (13) h. This radionuclide has also been standardised by liquid scintillation counting, 4πγ counting and coincidence techniques.
ABSTRACT
The half-life of the positron-emitter (44)Sc has been determined by following the decay rate with two measurement systems; an Ionisation Chamber and a HPGe detector. The combination of seven results gives a value of T1/2=4.042 (25)h, about 2% higher than the recommended value of T1/2=3.97 (4)h (Browne, 2011) and with a lower uncertainty. This radionuclide has also been standardised by coincidence counting, and liquid scintillation counting techniques. A (44)Ti/(44)Sc generator developed at CIEMAT was used to obtain the (44)Sc solutions used in all measurements.
Subject(s)
Half-Life , Radiation Dosimeters/standards , Radioisotopes/analysis , Radioisotopes/standards , Scandium/analysis , Scandium/standards , Calibration/standards , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure Analysis , Radiation Dosage , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , SpainABSTRACT
Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en un grupo de 534 pacientes oncológicos españoles y 371 cuidadores familiares. Método: Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico así como la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS) con el fin de evaluar la presencia e intensidad de estos síntomas. Resultados: Se observó que el 15,7 por ciento de los pacientes dieron positivo en la subescala de ansiedad, incluida dentro de la escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria (HADS), al utilizar un punto de corte mayor o igual a 11 y el 14,6 por ciento lo hicieron en la subescala de depresión. En cuanto a los cuidadores familiares, el 36,4 por ciento de ellos obtuvieron altas puntuaciones en la subescala de ansiedad y el 9,2 por ciento lo hicieron en la subescala de depresión. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados confirman la alta prevalencia de los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en ambos grupos y por lo tanto, la necesidad de diseñar intervenciones terapéuticas que incluyan de forma sistemática una evaluación familiar para contribuir a que los pacientes y sus familias puedan hacer frente a este tipo de problemas. (AU)
Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Caregivers/psychology , Anxiety Disorders/etiology , Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology , Depression/etiology , Depression/epidemiology , Neoplasms/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Socioeconomic Factors , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Prevalence , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
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