ABSTRACT
El síndrome hemofagocítico es una condición clínica e histológica grave, secundaria a diferentes procesos. La glomerulonefritis colapsante es una podocitopatía proliferativa, generalmente de pronóstico desfavorable para la función renal. Se presenta un caso en el que las dos condiciones aparecieron asociadas, lo cual es una forma infrecuente de presentación del linfoma hepatoesplénico de células T. Se discute, asimismo, el papel de los marcadores de desdiferenciación podocitaria en esta glomerulopatía, y se revisan la fisiopatología y el tratamiento.
The hemophagocytic syndrome is a serious clinical-histological entity secondary to different diseases. Collapsing glomerulonephritis is a proliferative podocytopathy that usually has an unfavorable renal prognosis. We present a case in which both entities were associated, which is an infrequent form of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. In addition, we review the role of the markers of podocyte dedifferentiation in this glomerulopathy and its pathophysiology and treatment.
Subject(s)
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic , Glomerulonephritis , Antigens, Differentiation , Renal Insufficiency , Lymphoma , Lymphoproliferative DisordersABSTRACT
The hemophagocytic syndrome is a serious clinical-histological entity secondary to different diseases. Collapsing glomerulonephritis is a proliferative podocytopathy that usually has an unfavorable renal prognosis. We present a case in which both entities were associated, which is an infrequent form of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. In addition, we review the role of the markers of podocyte dedifferentiation in this glomerulopathy and its pathophysiology and treatment.
El síndrome hemofagocítico es una condición clínica e histológica grave, secundaria a diferentes procesos. La glomerulonefritis colapsante es una podocitopatía proliferativa, generalmente de pronóstico desfavorable para la función renal. Se presenta un caso en el que las dos condiciones aparecieron asociadas, lo cual es una forma infrecuente de presentación del linfoma hepatoesplénico de células T. Se discute, asimismo, el papel de los marcadores de desdiferenciación podocitaria en esta glomerulopatía, y se revisan la fisiopatología y el tratamiento.
Subject(s)
Cell Dedifferentiation , Glomerulonephritis/pathology , Podocytes/pathology , Glomerulonephritis/complications , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/complications , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology , Lymphoma, T-Cell/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/complications , Splenic Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been adopted by the World Health Organization as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In endemic regions, it has proven more effective in treating the disease, and even in reducing its transmission. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of studies carried out in non-endemic areas on imported uncomplicated malaria. METHODS: This is a retrospective, observational study performed on patients diagnosed and admitted with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria between 2004 and 2015. The objective was to compare the parasite clearance period and the average hospital length of stay for patients treated with ACT vs those receiving other treatment regimens. RESULTS: Eighty-five patients were included in the study. Fifty-one received ACT treatment (dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine) and thirty-four patients were treated with quinine sulfate+doxycycline or atovaquone/proguanil. The parasite clearance period was shorter in the group of patients treated with ACT compared to those receiving other treatment types: 24 h (IQR 24) vs 48 h (IQR 48), p < 0.01. The average hospital stay was also shorter in the ACT group with respect to the second group: 2.67 days (IQR 1.08) vs 3.96 days (IQR 2.87), p < 0.001. A mild case of hepatitis was registered in the group treated with ACT. CONCLUSIONS: ACT treatment of admitted hospital patients with imported uncomplicated malaria from P. falciparum reduced the days spent hospitalized as well as producing a more rapid parasite clearance compared to classic treatment. In spite of being treated with safe medications, one has to be alert to possible adverse effects such as hepatitis and delayed haemolytic anaemia.
Subject(s)
Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Artemisinins/therapeutic use , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
Las hemoglobinopatías constituyen los trastornos monogénicos más frecuentes, sobre todo en determinadas razas y áreas, por su efecto protector frente a la malaria. Los cambios migratorios están provocando un aumento de estas alteraciones en el mundo occidental. La cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC) es el método de elección actual para la detección de hemoglobinopatías estructurales y cuantificación de hemoglobina A2 y fetal. Describimos un caso clínico donde se identificó una doble heterocigosis Hb O-Arab y α-talasemia tras detección de microcitosis y una variante anómala de hemoglobina de menor valor del esperado, destacando la idoneidad del estudio multidisciplinar de este tipo de enfermedades (AU)
Haemoglobinopathies are the most frequent monogenic disorders, particularly in certain races and areas, because of their protective effect against malaria. Migratory changes are leading to an increase in these conditions in the western world. High Performance Liquid Chromotography (HPLC) is nowadays a method of choice in detecting structural haemoglobinopathies and in the quantification of foetal and haemoglobin (Hb) A2. A clinical case is described in which a double heterozygous Hb O-Arab and α-thalassaemia was identified following the detection of microcytosis and an anomalous haemoglobin variant, which was lower than expected - highlighting the appropriateness of a multidisciplinary study for these types of pathologies (AU)
