ABSTRACT
Hemichorea-hemiballism is an unusual hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by continuous involuntary movements of an entire limb or both limbs on one side of the body. The acute onset of this disorder occurs with an insult in contralateral basal ganglia. Ischemic events represent the most common cause. Nonketotic hyperglycemia comes in second place. Nonketotic hyperglycemic hemichorea-hemiballism (NHH) is a rare cause of unilateral brain abnormalities on imaging studies confined to basal ganglia (mainly putaminal region as well as caudate nucleus). Subtle hyperdensity in striatal region can be found on CT studies whereas brain MR imaging typically shows T1 hyperintensity and T2 hypointensity in the basal ganglia contralateral to the movements. Diagnosis is based on both glucose levels and neuroimaging findings. Elevated blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels occur with poorly controlled diabetes. In this case report, our aim is to present neuroimaging CT and MR unilateral findings in an elderly woman secondary to nonketotic hyperglycemia presenting as hemichorea-hemiballism.
ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Humans , Carcinoma/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Intestinal Neoplasms/secondary , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Intestinal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Intestinal Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Organizing pneumonia is an uncommon lung disease with a wide variety of radiologic findings, few of which have been discussed in the literature. We performed high resolution computed tomography on 34 patients with a histological diagnosis of organizing pneumonia and studied the images they presented. Twenty-five of the cases were idiopathic and 9 secondary. The findings observed were parenchymal consolidation (76%), ground glass opacity (59%), bronchial dilatation (53%), centrilobular nodules (35%), septal thickening (23%), halo sign (15%), and reversed halo sign (12%). Secondary cases presented more findings of septal thickening and fewer complete remissions.
Subject(s)
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
La neumonía organizada es una enfermedad pulmonar poco frecuente, con gran variabilidad en los hallazgos radiológicos, de la que hasta el momento existe un escaso número de casos en la mayoría de los estudios publicados en la bibliografía. Hemos estudiado mediante tomografía computarizada de alta resolución 34 casos con diagnóstico histológico establecido de neumonía organizada valorando los diferentes patrones de presentación. De estos casos, 25 fueron idiopáticos y 9 secundarios. Los hallazgos observados fueron: consolidaciones parenquimatosas (76%), vidrio deslustrado (59%), dilataciones bronquiales (53%), nódulos centrolobulillares (35%), engrosamientos septales (23%), signo del halo (15%) y signo del halo invertido (12%). Se observó una mayor presencia de engrosamientos septales y un menor número de remisiones completas en los casos secundarios
Organizing pneumonia is an uncommon lung disease with a wide variety of radiologic findings, few of which have been discussed in the literature. We performed high resolution computed tomography on 34 patients with a histological diagnosis of organizing pneumonia and studied the images they presented. Twenty-five of the cases were idiopathic and 9 secondary. The findings observed were parenchymal consolidation (76%), ground glass opacity (59%), bronchial dilatation (53%), centrilobular nodules (35%), septal thickening (23%), halo sign (15%), and reversed halo sign (12%). Secondary cases presented more findings of septal thickening and fewer complete remissions
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Middle Aged , Humans , Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the measurement of transverse diameter of the proximal neck on computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and graduated catheter aortography in patients who are candidates for endovascular graft placement in order to replace, if both measurements are equivalent, aortography for CTA alone. Preoperative dual-slice CTA and graduated catheter aortography were performed in 35 consecutive patients with infrarenal aortic aneurysm within 10 days. Transverse proximal neck diameters were measured on a true axial section on CTA reconstructions and on aortographic images, always 6 mm distal from the most inferior main renal artery. Mean, median, and standard deviation were obtained and the measurements correlated for each patient using Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis. A significant difference in proximal neck transverse diameter measurements was found between graduated catheter aortography and CTA in all cases. CTA values were a mean of 1.74 mm higher than aortography values. Pearson's correlation indicates a strong correlation between both techniques, and a regression equation determines the predictive value of aortography on the basis of CTA values. Estimation of the transverse diameter of the proximal neck on aortography on the basis of that obtained on CTA allows us to affirm that CTA could be used as the sole method for the preoperative selection of appropriate endograft size in patients with infrarenal aortic aneurysm.
Subject(s)
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging , Aortography , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Subtraction Technique , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Angioplasty, Balloon , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/therapy , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Humans , Mathematical Computing , Prosthesis Fitting , Regression Analysis , Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging , Sensitivity and Specificity , Statistics as Topic , StentsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are infrequent conditions. Most are asymptomatic and incidentally discovered. However, their recognition may sometimes have relevant clinical and therapeutic implications. The purpose of this report is to emphasize the importance of accurate identification and to assess the utility of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D contrast-enhanced MRA) in their evaluation. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the 3D contrast-enhanced MRA of 21 patients in whom an IVC anomaly was found. RESULTS: Five of these anomalies concerned the hepatic and prerenal segments, seven were located in the renal segment, and finally, the last nine concerned the postrenal segment. CONCLUSION: IVC anomalies are uncommon conditions which may sometimes have important clinical implications. 3D contrast-enhanced MRA is a good method not only to identify them, but also to depict them accurately and safely.
