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1.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 17(68): e251-e260, oct.-dic. 2015.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-146926

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: la prevención de las deficiencias infantiles resulta más eficiente cuando coordinamos recursos, implicamos a los profesionales e incorporamos herramientas para la detección e intervención temprana en las deficiencias infantiles y en situaciones de riesgo biológico, psicológico y/o social. Material y métodos: presentamos los primeros resultados de la implantación del Proceso de atención integrada en niños con necesidades especiales (PAINNE), de la Organización Sanitaria Integrada Bilbao-Basurto (Bilbao, España), siguiendo el modelo de atención temprana del País Vasco, en una población de 20 655 menores de seis años. Aplicando metodología cualitativa, incorporamos nuevos datos básicos del paciente sobre desarrollo infantil en la historia clínica electrónica, junto con los indicadores del proceso, recogidos en la guía PAINNE 2013. Resultados: el 75% de los pediatras y el 56% de los profesionales de enfermería participaron previamente en actividades de formación en atención temprana. Las propuestas desde los equipos de Pediatría se validaron por el equipo técnico de valoración en atención temprana de la Diputación Foral de Bizkaia (EVAT), en el 93,27% de los casos. La edad media de derivación a salud mental infantil descendió en ocho meses, hasta los tres años, en casos de enfermedad mental grave, mejorando el diagnóstico precoz y el inicio de los programas de intervención. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos en el primer año indican que los equipos de Pediatría se consolidan como gestores válidos de 516 niños con necesidades especiales de salud en programas de atención temprana entre 0 y 6 años (AU)


Introduction and objectives: the prevention of childhood deficits is more efficient when resources are coordinated amongst the professionals responsible for the child's care and screening tools are utilized to detect and provide early intervention to address situations of biological, psychological, and/or social risk. Material and methods: we present the initial results of the implementation of the process for integrated care for children with special needs, PAINNE, in the integrated health organization Bilbao-Basurto, following the model of early intervention in the Basque Country, with a population of 20 655 children under the age of 6 years old. Applying the qualitative methodology, we have incorporated developmental screening tools in the electronic medical record, along with the other process indicators, as described in the guide PAINNE 2013. Results: 75% of the pediatricians and 56% of the nurses participated in continuing educational activities regarding early intervention. The referrals for early intervention were accepted in 93.27% of the cases by the Basque Early Intervention Team (EVAT). The median age for referral to mental health services for children with severe mental health problems decreased by 8 months to 3 years old, showing improvement in the early detection and implementation of services. Conclusions: the results obtained in the first year indicated that the Pediatric Primary Care teams have reliably identified and referred 516 children with special needs, ages 0-6 years, to early intervention programs (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Health Services for Persons with Disabilities/organization & administration , /organization & administration , Intellectual Disability/prevention & control , Disabled Children/statistics & numerical data , Early Diagnosis , Primary Health Care/organization & administration
4.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(6): 296-302, nov.-dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-133417

ABSTRACT

El Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital de Basurto fue fundado en el año 1903 por lo que tiene una larga trayectoria histórica. Su evolución ha ido paralela con la del propio Hospital, un líder precursor de la formación médica especializada con la creación del cuerpo de alumnos internos de doctorado en el año 1918. El Servicio de Pediatría ha ido adaptándose en cada momento a las circunstancias históricas y los recursos disponibles. En el momento actual es el centro de referencia para la población infantil de la ciudad de Bilbao, tiene una amplia oferta de especialidades y tecnología, dispone de un sistema de gestión de la calidad basado en procesos asistenciales prevalentes. Está fuertemente orientado hacia el niño y la niña y sus familias, lo que es reconocido por éstas a través de los indicadores de percepción (AU)


Pediatrics Department of the Hospital Basurto was founded in 1903 by which has a long history. Its evolution has been parallel with the own Hospital, a pioneer leader of medical education specializing in 1918 with the creation of the internal PhD students body. Pediatrics service has been adapting constantly to historical circumstances and available resources. At the present time is the center of reference for the child population of the city of Bilbao, has a wide range of specialties and technology, it has a processes and indicators-based quality management system, and is immersed in innovative management projects such as the integrated care processes for prevalent conditions. It is strongly oriented towards the boys and girls and their families, what is recognized by them as the perception indicators demonstrate (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child Health Services/history , Hospitals, Pediatric/history , Quality of Health Care/trends , Comprehensive Health Care/trends , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/trends , Models, Organizational
5.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 74(3): 193-193[e1-e16], mar. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-88379

ABSTRACT

La monitorización del crecimiento infantil tiene, además de su utilidad clínica para el seguimiento de la salud infantil, una utilidad social, como indicador de los avances de equidad en el mundo. En España ha habido una larga tradición en la realización de estudios de crecimiento. Recientemente, 5 grupos que han efectuado estudios de crecimiento en la última década en las poblaciones de Andalucía, Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid y Zaragoza han fusionado sus datos, lo que ha dado lugar a los estudios transversales españoles 2008 y 2010, y al estudio longitudinal español 1978/2000. Estos estudios han demostrado que las diferencias regionales de crecimiento en España han desaparecido y que han tenido lugar cambios seculares en las últimas décadas, de modo que la talla adulta se ha acercado a la de otros países europeos y americanos, manteniéndose por debajo de algunos países del centro y norte de Europa. Se han observado también diferencias entre los estudios españoles y el estudio multicéntrico de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), debido, entre otras razones, a los diferentes criterios para la selección de la muestra, «poblacional» en los estudios españoles, y «socioeconómico» y «nutricional» en el estudio de la OMS. En el momento actual, para la población española, es adecuado utilizar como estándares de referencia los estudios españoles integrados, tanto el transversal como el longitudinal. Dada la existencia de tendencias seculares, sería deseable continuar realizando en el futuro estudios transversales prospectivos, homogéneos metodológicamente, representativos de las distintas regiones, con una periodicidad de 10-15 años (AU)


The child growth assessment is useful not only for the follow up of children health but also for social purposes, as an indicator of the equity advances in the world. In Spain there has been a long tradition in carrying out growth studies. During the last decade five Spanish research groups have conducted studies among the population of Andalucía, Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid and Zaragoza. They have combined their data and have produced the «Transversal Spanish Studies 2008 and 2010» and the «Longitudinal Spanish Study 1978/2000». These studies have showed that in Spain the regional differences on growth have disappeared, and that this has had a secular trend in the last decades. The Spanish adult height has approached to other European and American countries, still below some Centre and North European countries. There are some differences between the Spanish growth studies and the multicentric World Health Organization (WHO) growth study. This is due, among other reasons, to the different criteria that are used for the sample selection. In Spain the studies are based on the «population» criteria, whereas the WHO study is based on the «socioeconomic» and «nutritional» criteria. Currently for the Spanish population is appropriate to use, as standard reference, the Spanish multicentric studies, which are the transversal as well as the longitudinal studies. Due to the recent secular trend, it would be convenient to carry out, in the future, prospective transversal growth studies, methodologically homogeneous, representatives of the different Spanish regions, and preferably made every ten to fifteen years (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Growth , Child Development , Body Height , Reference Standards , Stature by Age
6.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 74(3): 193.e1-16, 2011 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21237733

ABSTRACT

The child growth assessment is useful not only for the follow up of children's health but also for social purposes, as an indicator of the equity advances in the world. In Spain there has been a long tradition in carrying out growth studies. During the last decade five Spanish research groups have conducted studies among the population of Andalucía, Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid and Zaragoza. They have combined their data and have produced the "Transversal Spanish Studies 2008 and 2010" and the "Longitudinal Spanish Study 1978/2000". These studies have showed that in Spain the regional differences on growth have disappeared, and that this has had a secular trend in the last decades. The Spanish adult height has approached to other European and American countries, still below some Centre and North European countries. There are some differences between the Spanish growth studies and the multicentric World Health Organization (WHO) growth study. This is due, among other reasons, to the different criteria that are used for the sample selection. In Spain the studies are based on the "population" criteria, whereas the WHO study is based on the "socioeconomic" and "nutritional" criteria. Currently for the Spanish population is appropriate to use, as standard reference, the Spanish multicentric studies, which are the transversal as well as the longitudinal studies. Due to the recent secular trend, it would be convenient to carry out, in the future, prospective transversal growth studies, methodologically homogeneous, representatives of the different Spanish regions, and preferably made every ten to fifteen years.


Subject(s)
Child Development , Growth Charts , Growth , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Internationality , Male , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Spain
7.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 68(6): 552-69, 2008 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18559194

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In developed countries a secular trend in growth has been reported. Our aim was to evaluate weight, height and body mass index (BMI) values in a Spanish population coming from Andalusia, Barcelona, Bilbao and Zaragoza, and to compare these values with those obtained before 1988 (BIB 88 and CAT 87 studies). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional evaluation of height, weight and BMI in 32,064 subjects (16,607 males and 15,457 females) from birth to adulthood between the years 2000 and 2004. Three subpopulations were evaluated: a) 5,796 (2,974 males, 2,822 females) newborns at term from normal gestations; b) 23,701 (12,358 males; 11,343 females) children and adolescents 0.25-18 years old, and c) 2,567 (1,275 males, 1,292 females) young adults 18.1-24 years of age. All were healthy caucasians, and their parents from Spanish origin. The LSM method was used. RESULTS: Mean, standard deviation, Skewness index and percentiles values with a 0.25-0.5 year-period intervals from birth to adulthood are reported. As regards the data obtained previously in Spanish populations, an increase of 1.8 cm, 1.4 cm and 3.3 cm were observed in adult height for percentiles 3, 50 and 97 in males respect to BIB 88 and 2.5 cm, 3.3 cm and 3.8 respect to CAT 87. In females these values were 3.5 cm, 2.5 cm and 4.2 cm respect to BIB 88 and 3.5 cm, 3.1 cm and 3.9 cm respect to CAT 87. The corresponding values for weight, in males, were increased in 5.4 kg, 6.2 kg and 11.7 kg respect to BIB 88 and 6.7 kg, 6.3 kg and 10.1 kg respect to CAT 87; in females these increased were 1.7 kg, 2,2 kg and 8.3 kg respect to BIB 88 and 1.8 kg, 2.4 kg and 3.6 kg respect to CAT 87. The corresponding increased for BMI values, in males, were 2.0, 1.4 and 3.9 respect to BIB 88 and 0.1, 0.2 and 5.3 respect to CAT 87; in females these values were 0.9, 0.4 and 3.7 respect to BIB 88 and 1.8, 0.1 and 4 respect to CAT 87. In young adults, 25 and 30 BMI values correspond to percentiles 80 and 97 in males, and 85 and 97 in females. Mean values of adult height were similar to those observed in other longitudinal and cross-sectional Spanish, European, and American studies, but lower than those reported for German, Swedish and Netherlands populations. CONCLUSIONS: A secular trend of growth was observed in our population with a non-proportional increased of weight to height ratio (BMI) values, particularly for those corresponding to the 97 percentile. The need of periodical updates of growth data used in the evaluation of children and adolescents is required.


Subject(s)
Body Height/physiology , Body Weight/physiology , Growth Disorders/diagnosis , Growth Disorders/epidemiology , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Spain/epidemiology
8.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 68(6): 552-569, jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-65716

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En las sociedades desarrolladas existe una aceleración secular del crecimiento. Entre los años 2000 y 2004 hemos valorado el crecimiento en una población caucásica española procedente de Andalucía, Barcelona, Bilbao y Zaragoza y hemos comparado los resultados con estudios españoles realizados antes de 1988 en poblaciones caucásicas de Bilbao (BIB 88) y Cataluña (CAT 87). Sujetos y métodos: Estudio transversal que valora el peso, la longitud y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) en 32.064 sujetos (16.607 varones y 15.457 mujeres) desde el nacimiento a la talla adulta: a) 5.796 son recién nacidos a término (2.974 varones y 2.822 mujeres) hijos de madres sanas, de gestaciones únicas; b) 23.701 son niños y adolescentes (12.358 varones y 11.343 mujeres) de 0,25 a 18 años de edad ambos inclusive, y c) 2.567 son adultos jóvenes (1.275 varones y 1.292 mujeres) de 18,1 a 24 años de edad. Todos estaban sanos, eran de raza caucásica y sus padres, de origen español. La distribución percentilada, el valor z-score y el diseño de las gráficas se ha realizado según el método LMS. Resultados: Se expresan los valores de la media, desviación estándar, coeficiente de Skewness y percentiles desde el nacimiento a la edad adulta, en intervalos de 0,25-0,50 años. Existe un dimorfismo sexual y un incremento en los valores de peso y talla de todos los percentiles respecto a los estudios BIB 88 y CAT 87. Los valores de los percentiles 3, 50 y 97 de la talla adulta son superiores en 1,8, 1,4 y 3,3 cm respecto a BIB 88, y en 2,5, 3,3 y 3,8 cm respecto a CAT 87 en los varones, y 3,5, 2,5 y 4,2 cm respecto a BIB 88 y 3,5, 3,1 y 3,9 cm respecto a CAT 87 en las mujeres. Los correspondientes valores de peso son 5,4, 6,2 y 11,7 kg superiores a los de BIB 88 y 6,7, 6,3 y 10,1 kg superiores a los de CAT 87 en los varones y 1,7, 2,2 y 8,3 kg superiores a los de BIB 88, y 1,8, 2,4 y 3,6 kg superiores CAT 87 en las mujeres. Los respectivos incrementos en el IMC son 2,0, 1,4 y 3,9 respecto a BIB 88 y –0,1, –0,2 y 5,3 respecto a CAT 87 en los varones y 0,9, 0,4 y 3,7 respecto a BIB 88 y –1,8, –0,1 y 4,0 respecto a CAT 87, en las mujeres. Los valores del IMC de 25 y 30 “en la edad adulta” corresponden a los percentiles 80 y 97 en los varones y 85 y 97 en las mujeres. En ambos sexos los valores de la talla media adulta son similares a los observados en otros estudios longitudinales y transversales españoles recientes y a los observados en estudios europeos y americanos, aunque inferiores a los de la población alemana, sueca y holandesa. Conclusiones: Con relación a estudios españoles previos, existe una aceleración secular de peso y talla, con un incremento desproporcionado en los valores del IMC correspondientes al percentil 75 o superiores, y de forma marcada en los del percentil 97. Este estudio muestra la necesidad de actualizar periódicamente los datos de referencia utilizados en la valoración del crecimiento durante la infancia y adolescencia (AU)


Introduction: In developed countries a secular trend in growth has been reported. Our aim was to evaluate weight, height and body mass index (BMI) values in a Spanish population coming from Andalusia, Barcelona, Bilbao and Zaragoza, and to compare these values with those obtained before 1988 (BIB 88 and CAT 87 studies). Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional evaluation of height, weight and BMI in 32,064 subjects (16,607 males and 15,457 females) from birth to adulthood between the years 2000 and 2004. Three subpopulations were evaluated: a) 5,796 (2,974 males, 2,822 females) newborns at term from normal gestations; b) 23,701 (12,358 males; 11,343 females) children and adolescents 0.25-18 years old, and c) 2,567 (1,275 males, 1,292 females) young adults 18.1-24 years of age. All were healthy caucasians, and their parents from Spanish origin. The LSM method was used. Results: Mean, standard deviation, Skewness index and percentiles values with a 0.25-0.5 year-period intervals from birth to adulthood are reported. As regards the data obtained previously in Spanish populations, an increase of 1.8 cm, 1.4 cm and 3.3 cm were observed in adult height for percetiles 3, 50 and 97 in males respect to BIB 88 and 2.5 cm, 3.3 cm and 3.8 respect to CAT 87. In females these values were 3.5 cm, 2.5 cm and 4.2 cm respect to BIB 88 and 3.5 cm, 3.1 cm and 3.9 cm respect to CAT 87. The corresponding values for weight, in males, were increased in 5.4 kg, 6.2 kg and 11.7 kg respect to BIB 88 and 6.7 kg, 6.3 kg and 10.1 kg respect to CAT 87; in females these increased were 1.7 kg, 2,2 kg and 8.3 kg respect to BIB 88 and 1.8 kg, 2.4 kg and 3.6 kg respect to CAT 87. The corresponding increased for BMI values, in males, were 2.0, 1.4 and 3.9 respect to BIB 88 and –0.1, –0.2 and 5.3 respect to CAT 87; in females these values were 0.9, 0.4 and 3.7 respect to BIB 88 and –1.8, –0.1 and 4 respect to CAT 87. In young adults, 25 and 30 BMI values correspond to percentiles 80 and 97 in males, and 85 and 97 in females. Mean values of adult height were similar to those observed in other longitudinal and cross-sectional Spanish, European, and American studies, but lower than those reported for German, Swedish and Netherlands populations. Conclusions: A secular trend of growth was observed in our population with a non-proportional increased of weight to height ratio (BMI) values, particularly for those corresponding to the 97 percentile. The need of periodical updates of growth data used in the evaluation of children and adolescents is required (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adolescent , Weight by Height/physiology , Body Mass Index , Sex Characteristics , Menarche/physiology , Growth/physiology , Child Development/physiology , Longitudinal Studies , Obesity/epidemiology , 52503/physiology
9.
J Clin Pharm Ther ; 33(3): 237-42, 2008 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18452410

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There is currently a lot of concern about the quality and therapeutic effectiveness of Mexican pharmaceutical products, and considerable price differences between alternative products containing the same active principle. OBJECTIVE: To establish whether four Mexican drug products, a high price and three lower-cost branded drug products containing sodium naproxen (550 mg immediate release tablets) have equivalent, and consistent pharmaceutical qualities. METHODS: The four products were acquired in Mexico city. Assay for sodium naproxen, content uniformity, disintegration time and dissolution tests were performed according to USP procedures. Drug dissolution profiles were compared using a similarity factor (f(2)). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: All of the tested products met pharmacopeial quality standards with respect to their active pharmaceutical content and a released drug percentage >70% in 45 min. Lot-to-lot lack of similarity between drug dissolution profiles was observed for two of the products tested. CONCLUSION: There was no significant differences in the quality of the pharmaceutical products tested when judged by the USP pharmaceutical quality standards. However, some differences were observed in the dissolution profiles of the brands tested. Whether these differences are clinically meaningful requires in vivo bioequivalence studies.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry , Naproxen/chemistry , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Humans , Kinetics , Mexico , Pharmacopoeias as Topic , Quality Control , Tablets
10.
Cuad. gest. prof. aten. prim. (Ed. impr.) ; 8(3): 106-114, jul. 2002. tab, ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-16069

ABSTRACT

Cuando se inició esta experiencia en Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud la certificación de servicios con las Normas ISO 9000 no era un área de trabajo muy conocida en nuestro medio. Sin embargo, se valoró como una herramienta interesante para mejorar la gestión de los procesos en los centros de atención primaria, ya identificada como área de mejora tras las autoevaluaciones con el modelo EFQM, realizadas en las comarcas sanitarias de atención primaria. La primera certificación se realizó con la Norma ISO 9002 en 3 centros de salud. Los 12 centros de salud posteriores se certificaron con la nueva Norma ISO 9001:2000 y con esta misma Norma se renovó la certificación anterior. En la actualidad 15 centros de salud más están en proceso de implantación. En el presente artículo exponemos las características del proceso desarrollado en la certificación, así como los aspectos positivos y dificultades identificadas (AU)


Subject(s)
Quality Indicators, Health Care , Primary Health Care/standards , Health Facilities/standards , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Spain
11.
Aten Primaria ; 25(1): 29-31, 2000 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10730455

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To describe the teaching sessions of a primary care team in the three-year period 1996-1998. To identify the professionals who ran them and study the areas of knowledge tackled. DESIGN: A retrospective, cross-over, descriptive study. SETTING: Teaching health centre belonging to a rural health district. PARTICIPANTS: All the teaching sessions that took place during the three-year period (n = 249). INTERVENTIONS: The following variables were extracted from the monthly register sheet of the ongoing training programme of our management: date of activity, duration, number attending, type of session, teaching professional and contents of activity (classified by pathology according to organs and systems for bibliographic, clinical and expert sessions; portfolio of 1996 Primary Care-INSALUD services for session on programme; computer studies). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mean sessions per month: 6.9 (SD: 4.8). Mean attendance: 9.3 persons (SD: 3.01). Mean length: 36.5 minutes (SD: 11.0). Type of session: bibliographic 65.2%, on programme 18%, session with expert 7.2%, computer studies 5.6%, clinical 4%. Responsible for teaching: intern 39.4%; family doctor tutor 34.9%; family doctor not a tutor 7.2%; nurse 6.4%; hospital doctor 4%; locum family doctor 3.6%; pharmacist 2.8%; paediatrician 1.2%; physiotherapist 0.4%. Most common contents: non-specific general pathology (16.1%), skin diseases (8.8%), diseases of the endocrine system (7.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Low frequency of clinical sessions. The teachers in charge were mainly family doctor tutors and interns, with the rest of the staff participating little.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Continuing , Primary Health Care , Humans , Spain
12.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 25(1): 29-31, ene. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-4063

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Describir las sesiones docentes de un equipo de atención primaria en el trienio 1996-1998. Identificar los profesionales que las realizaron, así como estudiar las áreas del conocimiento abordadas. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo transversal, retrospectivo. Emplazamiento. Centro de salud docente perteneciente a una zona de salud rural. Participantes. Total de sesiones docentes realizadas durante el trienio estudiado (n = 249). Intervenciones. De la hoja de registro mensual del programa de formación continuada de nuestra gerencia, se extrajeron las siguientes variables: fecha actividad, duración, número de asistentes, tipo de sesión, profesional docente y contenido de actividad (clasificada por patología según órganos y sistemas para sesión bibliográfica, clínica y con experto; cartera servicios de atención primaria-INSALUD 1996 para sesión sobre programa; informática). Mediciones y resultados principales. Sesiones por mes: media 6,9 (DE, 4,8). Media asistentes: 9,3 (DE, 3,01). Duración media: 36,5 minutos (DE, 11,0). Tipo de sesión: bibliográfica, 65,2 por ciento; sobre programa, 18; sesión con experto, 7,2; informática, 5,6; clínica, 4. Responsables docentes: médico residente, 39,4 por ciento; médico de familia tutor, 34,9; médico de familia no tutor, 7,2; ATS, 6,4; médico hospitalario, 4; médico de familia sustituto, 3,6; farmacéutico, 2,8; pediatra, 1,2; fisioterapeuta, 0,4. Contenido actividades más frecuentes: patología general inespecífica, 16,1 por ciento; enfermedades de la piel, 8,8, y enfermedades del sistema endocrino, 7,6 por ciento. Conclusiones. Baja frecuencia de sesiones clínicas. Los responsables docentes fueron mayoritariamente médicos de familia tutores y médicos residentes, siendo escasa la participación del resto de personal (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Education, Medical, Continuing , Spain
13.
An Esp Pediatr ; 48(6): 608-14, 1998 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9662845

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to know the prevalence and severity of bronchial asthma in 13-14 year old children living in Bilbao, a seacoast industrial town in the North of Spain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A sample of 13-14 year old children living in Bilbao was studied. Random sampling amongst school centers was done. Fifty-eight centers were included and a total of 3,578 children between 13-14 years old were studied. The International Study of Asthma and allergy in Children (ISAAC) written and video questionnaires were used. Statistical analysis included bar diagrams, qualitative variable frequencies and the Chi 2 test to study the contrast and the association between variables. The statistical significance level was 95%. The relative risk according to sex was obtained. RESULTS: The questionnaires that were valid (3,213) represented 89% of the selected sample. The accumulated asthma prevalence was 18.9%. The actual asthma prevalence (asthma during the last year) was 11.9%. Severe asthma was present in 11.9% of the children. Asthma had been previously diagnosed in 16.3% of the children. The relative risk of being diagnosed was 1.39 for males. CONCLUSIONS: These figures are similar to those obtained in other populations with the same geographic and climate characteristics.


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Adolescent , Asthma/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Severity of Illness Index , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
An Esp Pediatr ; 38(1): 29-32, 1993 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8439075

ABSTRACT

We present the results of a study designed to verify the efficacy of nebulized L-Adrenaline and/or dexamethasone given intramuscularly (IM) in the treatment of croup during childhood. Sixty-six children, hospitalized for croup during the period between october 1989 and september 1990, entered the study. They received the ordinary treatment with oxygen-therapy and fluid-therapy and were randomly assigned, in a double-blind fashion, into one of four treatment groups: Group 1: Nebulized L-Adrenaline and placebo (IM). Group 2: Nebulized saline and placebo (IM). Group 3: Nebulized saline and dexamethasone (IM). Group 4: Nebulized L-Adrenaline and dexamethasone (IM). The clinical evaluation was based on a scoring system assessing the inspiratory stridor, croupy cough, retractions and cyanosis. An analysis of variance was performed on the evolution of the score for two factors (Adrenaline and dexamethasone) to verify that there was no interaction between them. Subsequently, a one-factor analysis of variance was performed on the four treatment groups. We conclude that nebulized Adrenalin is more beneficial than saline in the clinical evolution of croup (p < 0.05). However, we did not find a statistically significant improvement in the group treated with dexamethasone when compared with the group treated with the placebo IM injection.


Subject(s)
Croup/drug therapy , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Double-Blind Method , Drug Evaluation , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male
16.
Rev. Finlay ; 5(2): 163-71, 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-267425

ABSTRACT

Se decide emplear el método de respiración en circuito cerrado como actividad evaluativa de las respuestas cardiorrespiratorias a la hipercapnia en hipertensos esenciales y sujetos normales y la posible influencia de la edad, ya que entendemos que su respuesta difiere. Se utilizaron 30 hipertensos y 30 normotensos, los cuales se dividieron en 3 grupos atendiendo a la edad y se sometieron a la prueba durante 3 minutos. En los resultados obtenidos se observaron incrementos de todos los parámetros estudiados, aunque solo se observaron diferencias significativas en la respuesta ventilatoria de los hipertensos lo que se hacia más manifiesto con el aumento de la edad. Hecho que demuestra que la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria a la hipoxia es superior en los hipertensos


Subject(s)
Hypertension , Hypoxia
17.
Rev. Finlay ; 5(2): 163-71, 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-17160

ABSTRACT

Se decide emplear el método de respiración en circuito cerrado como actividad evaluativa de las respuestas cardiorrespiratorias a la hipercapnia en hipertensos esenciales y sujetos normales y la posible influencia de la edad, ya que entendemos que su respuesta difiere. Se utilizaron 30 hipertensos y 30 normotensos, los cuales se dividieron en 3 grupos atendiendo a la edad y se sometieron a la prueba durante 3 minutos. En los resultados obtenidos se observaron incrementos de todos los parámetros estudiados, aunque solo se observaron diferencias significativas en la respuesta ventilatoria de los hipertensos lo que se hacia más manifiesto con el aumento de la edad. Hecho que demuestra que la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria a la hipoxia es superior en los hipertensos (AU)


Subject(s)
Hypoxia , Hypertension
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