ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: the main objective of this study was to analyze the potential short-, medium- and long-term effects of a therapeutic physical exercise (TFE) programme on the functionality of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, measured with the Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Scale (ALSFRS-R) scale. METHODS: a systematic review of the PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDline) databases was carried out. The information was filtered using the following Medical Subjects Heading (MeSH) terms: "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "Physical Therapy", and "Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine". The internal validity of the selected documents was evaluated using the PEDro scale. The study included clinical trials published in the last 5 years in which one of the interventions was therapeutic physical exercise in patients with ALS, using the ALSFRS-R as the main outcome variable and functional variables as secondary variables. RESULTS: 10 clinical trials were analyzed, with an internal validity of 5-7 points. The TFE groups showed significant short-, medium- and long-term differences, obtaining a mean difference of 5.8 points compared to the 7.6 points obtained by the control groups, at six months, measured with ALSFRS-R. In addition, the participants showed significant improvements in functional abilities in the short, medium and long terms. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic physical exercise could contribute to slowing down the deterioration of the musculature of patients with ALS, thus facilitating their performance in activities of daily living, based on the significant differences shown by these individuals in the short, medium and long term both in subjective perception, measured with ALSFRS-R, and functional capacities.
Subject(s)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis , Activities of Daily Living , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/therapy , Exercise , Exercise Therapy , Humans , Physical Therapy ModalitiesABSTRACT
Las tasas, los métodos y algunos de los factores de riesgo en el suicidio parecen depender de las diferencias geográficas y culturales, lo que implica la elaboración de estudios en zonas específicas de alto riesgo cara a la implementación de estrategias preventivas. Este estudio busca determinar los factores de riesgo y protectores en el suicidio en la Comarca de Antequera-Málaga (España). Se realiza en un estudio de caso y controles mediante la autopsia psicológica con 40 casos de suicidio y 80 controles poblacionales emparejados en género, edad y zona de residencia. El modelo multivariante hallado está compuesto por los siguientes factores: el presentar antecedentes familiares de suicidio y agregación de desordenes mentales en la familia, un diagnóstico de trastorno de la personalidad y conflictos familiares en el mes previo al suicidio. Estos factores permiten discriminar poblaciones de riesgo cara a la implementación de programas preventivos (AU)
Rates, methods and some of the risk factors of suicide seem to depend on geographical and cultural differences, which involve conducting research in specific high-risk areas facing the implementation of preventive strategies. This study seeks to determine the risk and protective factors of suicide in the region of Antequera-Málaga (Spain). Is performed on a case-control study using the psychological autopsy of 40 cases of suicide and 80 population controls matched on gender, age and area of residence. The multivariate model found is composed of the following factors: the antecedents of suicide and mental disorders aggregate in families, a diagnosis of personality disorder and family conflict in the month prior to suicide. These factors discriminate risk populations facing the implementation of preventive programs (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Suicide/psychology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the feasibility of Basic Body Awareness Therapy in people with eating disorders. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial; the assessors were not blinded to the group allocation. SETTING: The eating disorders department within a hospital setting. SUBJECTS: Twenty-eight outpatients with eating disorders for less than five years. INTERVENTION: All patients received standard outpatient treatment. The intervention group (n = 14) also received Basic Body Awareness Therapy for seven weeks. MAIN MEASURES: Eating Disorder Inventory, Eating Attitude Test, Body Attitude Test and Quality of Life Scale SF-36. RESULTS: Analysing the differences between both groups, significant differences were found in Eating Disorder Inventory (mean difference: 26.3; P = 0.015) and in its subscales 'drive to thinness' (P = 0.003), 'body dissatisfaction' (P = 0.025) and 'ineffectiveness' (P = 0.014). Also in Body Attitude Test (mean difference: 33.0; P = 0.012), Eating Attitude Test-40 (mean difference: 17.7; P = 0.039) and SF-36 in the section 'mental health' (mean difference: 13.0; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown some effectiveness of Basic Body Awareness Therapy in improving some symptoms in outpatients with eating disorders. Further studies should include larger samples, double-blinded and placebo methodologies, and should focus on questions such as which eating disorder diagnoses benefit most from physical therapy.
