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1.
Gac Sanit ; 19(1): 15-21, 2005.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15745664

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify differences in socioeconomic characteristics, health status, health services' utilization, and satisfaction with health services between the population with public healthcare coverage only and the population with double healthcare coverage through additional affiliation to mutual or private health insurance companies. METHODS: Data from the 2002 Catalan Health Interview Survey with interviews to 8,400 individuals were used. Individuals with public healthcare insurance were differentiated from those who also had private health insurance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. RESULTS: A total of 99.2% of the population reported public healthcare coverage and 24.7% also had voluntary mutual or private insurance. Individuals with double coverage were younger, had a high level of education, belonged to advantaged classes, and reported better self-perceived health and fewer chronic diseases and disabilities. No significant differences in the percentage of individuals who reported visiting a health professional in the previous 15 days were observed. Significant differences in the type of professional visited were observed: 65% of individuals with public healthcare coverage only visited primary care settings but 51.1% of those with double coverage visited specialists. The proportion of persons reporting that they were satisfied or very satisfied with professional attitudes, waiting times and administrative procedures was higher in the double coverage group. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct sociodemographic and health profiles were found between persons with public coverage only and those with double coverage. Health services' utilization also differed between the two groups.


Subject(s)
Financing, Government/statistics & numerical data , Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data , National Health Programs/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Consumer Behavior , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , National Health Programs/economics , Public Sector , Spain
2.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 19(1): 15-21, ene. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038260

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Conocer las diferencias en las características socioeconómicas, el estado de salud, la utilización de servicios y la satisfacción con éstos entre la población catalana que dispone únicamente de aseguramiento sanitario público y la que tiene doble cobertura de aseguramiento. Métodos: Datos de la Encuesta de Salud de Cataluña 2002 con entrevista a 8.400 personas. Entre los individuos que tenían cobertura pública de servicios sanitarios, se han diferenciado los que también tenían cobertura por entidades de aseguramiento libre. Se aplica un modelo de análisis multivariable de regresión logística. Resultados: El 99,2% de la población manifiesta disponer de cobertura sanitaria pública y un 24,7% estar además afiliada a una mutua voluntaria o aseguradora privada. La población con doble cobertura se caracteriza por ser más joven, tener mayor nivel de estudios, pertenecer a clases sociales más favorecidas, declarar mejor estado de salud percibido, menos enfermedades crónicas y discapacidades. El porcentaje de personas que han acudido a algún profesional sanitario los últimos 15 días no muestra diferencias estadísticamente significativas, pero sí se observan según el tipo de profesional; en la población sin doble cobertura, la última visita corresponde, en el 65,0% de los casos, a atención primaria, mientras que en el grupo con doble cobertura, el 51,1% corresponde a atención especializada. El porcentaje de personas satisfechas o muy satisfechas con la última visita es superior en el grupo con doble cobertura en relación con el trato profesional, el tiempo de espera y los trámites burocráticos. Conclusiones: Se constatan perfiles sociodemográficos y de salud diferentes entre las poblaciones con cobertura pública únicamente y con doble cobertura. Se observa un patrón distinto de utilización de servicios


Objective: To identify differences in socioeconomic characteristics, health status, health services’ utilization, and satisfaction with health services between the population with public health care coverage only and the population with double healthcare coverage through additional affiliation to mutual or private health insurance companies. Methods: Data from the 2002 Catalan Health Interview Survey with interviews to 8,400 individuals were used. Individuals with public healthcare insurance were differentiated from those who also had private health insurance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results: A total of 99.2% of the population reported public health care coverage and 24.7% also had voluntary mutual or private insurance. Individuals with double coverage were younger, had a high level of education, belonged to advantage classes, and reported better self-perceived health and fewer chronic diseases and disabilities. No significant differences in the percentage of individuals who reported visiting a health professional in the previous 15 days were observed. Significant differences in the type of professional visited were observed:65% of individuals with public healthcare coverage only visited primary care settings but 51.1% of those with double coverage visited specialists. The proportion of persons reporting that they were satisfied or very satisfied with professional attitudes, waiting times and administrative procedures was higher in the double coverage group. Conclusions: Distinct sociodemographic and health profiles were found between persons with public coverage only and those with double coverage. Health services’ utilization also differed between the two groups


Subject(s)
Humans , Insurance, Health , Health Services Coverage , Private Health Care Coverage , Multivariate Analysis , Health Services
3.
Gac Sanit ; 18(4): 321-5, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15324643

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the practice of periodic preventive mammography in women aged 50-69 years in the eight health regions of Catalonia in 1994 and 2002. METHODS: Data from the 1994 and 2002 Catalan Health Survey Interview were used. A cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of the non-institutionalized population of Catalonia was performed. All women aged 20 years old or older who directly answered the questionnaire (5,986 and 3,265 women in 1994 and 2002, respectively) were included. The influence of age, social class, type of health insurance and health region was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In 1994, women aged 40-49 years reported a higher proportion of mammographic screening (42.8% of women in this age group) than the other groups, while in 2002 the highest proportion (76.3%) was observed in women aged 50-59 years. Rates of screening mammography in women aged 50-69 years were 26.9% in 1994 and 69.1% in 2002, increasing in all health regions and reducing differences among regions. In 1994 and 2002 women in the most advantaged social classes (I, II and III) reported higher proportions of mammographic screening than those in social class V, although this gap was smaller in 2002. CONCLUSIONS: The practice of preventive periodic mammography has significantly increased in women in the target group (women aged 50-69 years). Preventive mammography was lower in non-targeted age groups except in the group of women aged 40-49 years old, in which it was significantly increased. No significant differences in the practice of mammographic screening were observed among health regions in 2002.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Mammography , Adolescent , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Spain
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 121(supl.1): 4-9, nov. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-149936

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: Las transformaciones sociales ocurridas en las últimas décadas han tenido un gran impacto en los servicios sanitarios y por extensión en los procesos de planificación. El objetivo es describir la evolución de los procesos de planificación de salud y servicios. Métodos: Revisión documental y entrevistas con miembros de los equipos de planificación. Resultados: Se identifican dos etapas de planificación: la de la década de los ochenta, orientada a la ordenación territorial y a los recursos sanitarios, y la de la década de los noventa a objetivos de salud (plan de salud, PS). El PS de Cataluña hace propuestas dirigidas a la promoción de la salud, prevención de la enfermedad, calidad de los servicios y satisfacción de los ciudadanos. Se inicia con el análisis de la situación de salud de la población y de los servicios, identifica los problemas prioritarios y define objetivos e intervenciones, aplica las propuestas y evalúa. Se elabora de forma descentralizada (regiones sanitarias) y con la participación de los profesionales, ciudadanos y sectores implicados. Permite identificar problemas y grupos de población vulnerables, definir objetivos cuantificados y con horizonte temporal, mejorar la gestión asistencial, la participación y la descentralización, evaluar resultados, explicitar el compromiso de las instituciones públicas y trabajar intersectorialmente. Se identifican aspectos susceptibles de mejora, principalmente en la participación, la proyección del PS en los servicios y el trabajo intersectorial. Conclusiones: La planificación por objetivos de salud ha supuesto un salto cualitativo. Para reforzar la potencialidad del PS habría que mejorar la gestión de su aplicación, así como asegurar la viabilidad de las intervenciones con un mayor compromiso intersectorial e institucional (AU)


Background and objective: The deep social transformations ocurred in the latest decades have influenced dramatically in health services and, by extension, in planning processes. The objective is to describe the evolution of health planning processes and services. Methods: Documental review and interviews with planning teams members. Results: We have identified two planning stages: The 80s, that showed a health planning oriented to territorial ordenation and health resources and in the other hand the 90s with the appearance of health objectives. The Catalonian health plan makes proposals related to health promotion, disease prevention, quality of services and citizens satisfaction. It starts with the analysis of population and services health situation. Then identify the priority problems and define objectives and interventions. Finally it applies the proposals and evaluate them. It is drawn up in a descentralized way (health regions) and with the collaboration of professionals, citizens and interested parties. Moreover, it allows to identify problems and vulnerable population groups, to define cuantitative objectives with deadlines and improve the assistential management and descentralization. It can also evaluate results and clarify public institutions commitments and work intersectorially. In addition, aspects with an improvement potential are identified, mainly related to participation, health plan projection on services and intersectorial work. Conclusions: Health planning by means of health objectives has brought about a qualitative jump. In order to reinforce the potentiality of health plans, we should improve the management of its application and secure the viability of interventions with a major intersectorial and institutional commitment (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , /history , /legislation & jurisprudence , /statistics & numerical data , Health Facility Planning/history , Health Facility Planning/organization & administration , Health Planning/history , Health Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Planning/organization & administration , /organization & administration , /standards , Health Facility Planning/standards , Health Planning/methods , Health Planning/trends , Health Planning Guidelines
5.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 121(supl.1): 10-19, nov. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-149937

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: Entre las fuentes de información utilizadas para la evaluación de los objetivos de salud y disminución de riesgo planteados para el año 2000 en Cataluña, destacan por su especial relevancia el registro de la mortalidad de Cataluña, el registro de morbilidad asistencial y la Encuesta de Salud de Cataluña. El objetivo de este estudio es describir aquellos aspectos metodológicos relevantes que afectan tanto a la gestión, codificación, análisis e interpretación de los datos como a la interpretación de los indicadores sanitarios y demográficos que de ellos se desprenden. Población y método: Para evaluar específicamente los objetivos formulados en relación con la mortalidad se ha analizado la evolución de las tendencias de mortalidad entre 1990 y 2000 por causas a partir de los datos elaborados por el registro de la mortalidad. El registro de morbilidad (CMBD) ha proporcionado información con base poblacional de la actividad asistencial en hospitales de agudos (100% de las altas de la red hospitalaria pública y la mitad de la actividad de los hospitales que no pertenecen a esta red), el 95% de la actividad de los hospitales psiquiátricos, el 93,6% de la actividad sociosanitaria y el 86% de los centros de la red de atención psiquiátrica ambulatoria, ambos con actividad contratada por el Servei Català de la Salut. Resultados: La Encuesta de Salud de Cataluña 2002, que por primera vez incluye un examen de salud, da continuidad a la que se realizó en 1994 que ya fue utilizada en la elaboración de los planes de salud de Cataluña en los períodos 1996-1998 y 1999-2001. La encuesta, realizada mediante entrevista personal a una muestra de 8.400 individuos representativa de la población catalana, ha aportado información de carácter general obtenida directamente de los ciudadanos y que complementa a otras fuentes de información sistemáticas existentes. Conclusiones: Mediante las fuentes de información habitualmente disponibles se ha podido evaluar la inmensa mayoría de los objetivos de salud y de disminución de riesgo planteados para el año 2000 en Cataluña, que se engloban dentro de los objetivos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para Europa, marco de referencia de los mismos. No obstante, es todavía evidente la necesidad de información relevante, válida y comparable con otras fuentes de información, tanto para identificar problemas de salud como para controlar tendencias o evaluar intervenciones u objetivos de salud (AU)


Background and objective: The main purpose of this paper will be to describe outstanding methodological aspects related to data management, codification, analysis and health and demographic indicators interpretation. Subjects and method: We have analized cause-specific mortality trends between 1990 and 2000 by means of analyzing information from Mortality Register. The Morbidity Register has provided population-based information about clinical activity carried out in acute hospitals, 95% of psychiatric hospital activity, 93.6% of social health welfare activity and 86% of centers included in the ambulatory psychiatric attention network activity. Results: We have also used the Health Survey of Catalonia 2002 which includes, for the first time, a health exam and represents a certain continuity of previous health surveys. This opinion poll, which was carried out by means of personally interviewing 8,400 subjects from a Catalonian population representative sample, has provided valuable general information obtained straightly from citizens. Conclusions: We could evaluate the majority of health and risk-reduction objectives of Catalonian Health Plan 2000 using common information sources. However, outstanding, comparable and valid data are still required in order to identify health problems and monitorize trends or evaluate interventions and health objectives (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Services Research/methods , 28423 , Health Status Indicators , Health Risk , Methodology as a Subject , Mortality/history , Health Surveys/history , Health Surveys/instrumentation , Risk , Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data
6.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 121(supl.1): 122-127, nov. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-149957

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: La definición de políticas de salud y servicios requiere obtener información directa de los ciudadanos. El Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social lleva a término periódicamente la Encuesta de Salud de Cataluña (ESCA). Objetivo: Exponer los resultados de la ESCA 2002 y compararlos con los de la ESCA 1994. Población y método: Encuesta por entrevista a 8.400 personas no institucionalizadas de todas las edades. Se analiza la autopercepción de salud, enfermedades crónicas y discapacidades, calidad de vida (movilidad, cuidados personales, actividades cotidianas, dolor o malestar, ansiedad o depresión), restricción de actividad por motivos de salud, utilización de servicios sanitarios y satisfacción. Estas variables se estudian en relación con la edad, el sexo y la clase social. Resultados: El 78,3% de la población declara que su salud es excelente, muy buena o buena; el 64,6% manifiesta no tener dificultades en las dimensiones sobre calidad de vida y el 69,4% revela que presenta o ha presentado trastornos crónicos. Entre las ESCA 1994 y 2002 el patrón de salud según variables sociodemográficas es similar, aumenta la proporción de personas que valoran positivamente su salud, las que declaran tener afectada la calidad de vida, tener problemas crónicos y consumir medicamentos, y disminuye la satisfacción con los servicios sanitarios utilizados. Conclusiones: Llama la atención que si bien aumenta la proporción de población que valora positivamente su salud también incrementa la declaración de tener enfermedades y limitaciones crónicas y la utilización de medicamentos. Con respecto a la insatisfacción de los usuarios, corresponde emprender acciones decididas para superar sus causas, ya que están suficientemente identificadas (AU)


Background and objective: Straight information from citizens is essential in order to define health policies and services. Therefore, the Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social carries out periodically the Catalan Health Survey (CHS). Objective. The main purpose of this paper is to set out the CHS 2002 results and then compare them with the ones from CHS 1994. Subjects and method: Survey carried out by means of interviewing 8,400 non-institutionalized people of any age. We have analized health perception, chronic diseases and disabilities, quality of life (mobility, personal cares, daily activities, pain or discomfort, anxiety or depression), activity restriction, health services utilization and satisfaction. All these variables have been analized by sex, age and social class. Results: 78,3% of population defines their health as excellent, very good or good. 64.6% have not difficulties in quality of life variables and 69.4% suffer or has suffered chronic disease. Comparing CHS 1994 and 2002, we have not noticed differences in health pattern related to sociodemographic variables. However there is an increase of people who value positively its health, people who declares that suffer from chronic disease, as well as drugs consumption and a decrease of users satisfaction with health services provission. Conclusions: The increase of people who value positively their health and the ones who declare that suffer from chronic disease, constitutes a remarkable fact. As regard to users insatisfaction, there is a need to implement actions oriented towards getting over its well-identified causes (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Services/supply & distribution , Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Health Services/trends , Patient Satisfaction/legislation & jurisprudence , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Health Services , Consumer Behavior/statistics & numerical data
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