Circulating human anti nucleolus antibody (ANCAb) and biochemical parameters in type 2 diabetic patients with and without complications.

INTRODUCTION: There is no evidence on the role of Human Anti Nucleolus Antibody (ANCAb) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We compared prevalence and concentration of ANCAb between age and a gender-matched sample of T2DM with and without diabetes-related complications. METHODS: In this study, the reaction to ANCAb was compared quantitatively between 38 T2DM patients complicated with microvascular conditions and 43 T2DM without complications as controls. RESULTS: The patients in complicated and non-complicated groups were comparable in diabetes duration (9.0 vs. 5.0 years; P = 0.065), respectively. The study found that 27 cases (71.1%) of the complicated group reacted to ANCAb test compared to 25 (58.1%) in non-complicated patients (P = 0.226; 3.53 vs. 2.72 ng/mL; P = 0.413). The reaction response to ANCAb in patients with neuropathy and cardiovascular complications was 80.0%, 76.2% in patients with neuropathy compared to 58.1% in the control group (P = 0.398). The reaction response to ANCAb in patients with mono-complication was 72.7% compared 68.8% in patients with multi-complication (P = 0.466). Similarly, 76.2% of patients with T2DM and complicated with neuropathy (n = 21 patients) reacted to ANCAb compared to 58.1% in control patients with (P = 0.158). CONCLUSIONS: Reaction to ANCAb was not statistically different between the T2DM patients with and without complications.

Association of irisin and oxidative stress with biochemical parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Background Irisin, a hormone-like myokine, is suspected to have a role in metabolic syndrome (MetS) through regulating energy homeostasis and mediating physical activity. In this regard, the role of irisin and malondialdehyde (MDA) along with some other biochemical parameters in the prediction of MetS was examined in the present investigation. Materials and methods In the present case-control study, 36 subjects diagnosed with MetS according to International Diabetes Federation were considered as cases and were matched in age and gender with 31 healthy participants. The difference of biochemical indicators between cases and controls were determined whether by independent t-test or the Mann-Whitney U-test. The predictors of MetS and insulin resistance (IR) were examined through logistic and linear regressions analysis models, respectively. Results Irisin and MDA were not found to be predictors for MetS in logistic regression; p = 0.258 and p = 0.694, respectively. The IR was found to be the only direct predictor of MetS (p = 0.010). Similarly, in linear regression, irisin and MDA were not identified to be predictors for IR; p = 0.801 and p = 0.781, respectively. Conclusions The study did not show that irisin and MDA, directly and indirectly, were predictors of MetS disorder. The IR was only predictor of MetS.

Circulating betatrophin in relation to metabolic, inflammatory parameters, and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

AIMS: Recently, it was suggested that betatrophin has a role in controlling pancreatic ß cell proliferation and lipid metabolism, however, its role in human subjects has not been established yet. The predicting role of betatrophin and MDA along with other biochemical indicators in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a sample of the Iraqi population was examined in the present investigation. METHODS: A total of 31 patients diagnosed with T2DM and 30 adult subjects without diabetes were matched in age and gender in a case-control study. Logistic and linear regression models were performed to examine the role of MDA and betatrophin in T2DM and triglyceride, respectively. RESULTS: The study confirmed a higher concentration of LDL (124.45 vs. 102.70 mg/dL; P = .001) and TG (191.13 vs. 103.83 mg/dL; P < .0001), insulin (18.40 vs. 10.97 µU/mL; P < .0001), and Hs. CRP (5.39 vs. 2.80 mg/L; P = .033) in diabetic patients compared to the controls. No significant difference in betatrophin and MDA was found between diabetic patients and non-diabetic healthy subjects. The study showed triglyceride as the only predictor of T2DM (P = .028). Similarly, total cholesterol (P < .0001), HDL (P = .001), LDL (P < .0003), and MDA (P = .010) were shown as predictors of triglyceride in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: The present study that triglyceride is a direct and MDA is an indirect predictor for T2DM.

Impacts of self-management education on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVES: Dietary and physical activity advice have been considered to be seminal ingredients in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this regard, the impacts of a three-month self-management intervention on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes were examined in the present study. STUDY DESIGN: A Double-arm post-test intervention study. METHODS: In the current post-test intervention study, three two-hour educational sessions on dietary habits and physical activity designed according to Health Belief Model were presented to 16 non-complicated type 2 diabetic patients and their dietary, physical activities, and biochemical outcomes were compared to a 23 patient-control arm in Iraq in 2017. The level of physical activity was measured through International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), dietary habits through UK Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire (UKDDQ), and biochemical indicators including HbA1c were measured after three months of program completion. RESULTS: The study showed that walking, taking vegetable, fruit, and bread were higher and taking full-fat cheese and full-fat spread was lower among experimental group significantly compared to control arm. In addition, the experimental group had a substantial higher albumin and lower urea, ALP-Phosphatase, and glucose levels in comparison with control patients. No substantial change was seen in HbA1C and no change in milk and fish products. CONCLUSIONS: The substantial positive changes in physical activity, dietary habits, and some biochemical indicators were seen following intervention completion in the experimental arm.