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1.
Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis ; 141(2): 93-97, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37620172

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of ossiculoplasty via a minimally invasive endoscopic transtympanic approach (ETTA). CASE SERIES: We investigated the exposure of target structures (incus and stapes) on 4 human temporal bones by placing an endoscope into the middle ear cleft through the 4 tympanic quadrants. Then, on 3 additional specimens, we performed an incudostapedial disjunction and repaired it with a drop of hydroxyapatite cement via ETTA. We measured the size of tympanic perforation, and the acoustic transfer function of the middle ear (125-8000Hz) before and after repair by placing an insert in the external auditory canal and recording the acoustic signal in the utricle by a microphone. The acoustic signal gain was estimated in dB µV. Exposure was similar in all four quadrants but ergonomics was better with a posteroinferior myringotomy. Ossicular chain repair was conducted successfully in all cases and the acoustic transfer function of the middle ear was significantly improved. Residual tympanic perforation (n=3) was 2±0.3mm in diameter. CONCLUSION: ETTA to reconstruct incudostapedial joint with bone cement was feasible and effective. It opens perspectives for robot-based procedures guided by augmented reality.


Subject(s)
Tympanic Membrane Perforation , Tympanoplasty , Humans , Treatment Outcome , Tympanoplasty/methods , Ear Ossicles/surgery , Incus/surgery , Ear, Middle , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/surgery
2.
Meat Sci ; 179: 108532, 2021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33965690

ABSTRACT

We evaluated maternal undernutrition effects induced by a lower natural pasture allowance (gestation days 30-143) on histological-biochemical and meat traits in muscles Semitendinosus, cranial Gluteobiceps and Supraspinatus from 200-day old male and female lambs. Maternal undernutrition increased oxidative and reduced glycolytic fibers in all muscles (P ≤ 0.01). Maternal undernutrition reduced the diameter of glycolytic fibers in the cranial Gluteobiceps of exclusively female lambs (P = 0.05) and reduced the diameter of oxidative fibers in the Supraspinatus of exclusively male lambs (P = 0.02). Maternal undernutrition increased lipid content in the Supraspinatus of females (P = 0.001), reduced lactate content (P = 0.03) and WB shear force (P = 0.02) in the Semitendinosus of females, and increased cooking losses in the Semitendinosus of males (P = 0.0069). In conclusion, gestational nutrient restriction induced fetal programming effects on muscle characteristics of lambs. Moreover, our study demonstrates that maternal undernutrition influences muscle and meat characteristics in a sex and muscle-dependent way.


Subject(s)
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Fetal Development/physiology , Red Meat/analysis , Animals , Cooking , Diet/veterinary , Female , Food Deprivation , Lipids/analysis , Male , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology , Muscle, Skeletal , Pregnancy , Shear Strength , Sheep, Domestic/growth & development
3.
Heliyon ; 5(9): e02486, 2019 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31687580

ABSTRACT

Australian Merino ewes and lambs producing fine fibre wool for export are raised in the north-west of Uruguay in pasture-based systems. We studied the status of selenium and iodine in pregnant Merino ewes (10 per treatment) grazing in natural pasture, in natural pasture and supplemented with Se (0.1 mg Se/kg dry matter intake) and I (1 mg I/kg dry matter intake), or in natural pasture and supplemented with Se alone (0.1 mg Se/kg dry matter intake), during the last 30 days of gestation. Further, we evaluated the performance and wool quality of their offspring. Content of Se and I in natural pasture, in the sera of pregnant ewes, and in the wool of their offspring and levels of thyroidal hormones-TSH, T4, and free T3 (FT3)-in the sera of pregnant ewes were determined. The performance of lambs and the commercial parameters of fine fibre wool produced were measured. Results showed normal Se levels in serum (0.12-0.15 mg/l) in the ewes grazing in natural pasture (0.07-0.09 mg/kg DM) during late pregnancy. The observed increase in Se content in the pasture at lambing (0.11-0.16 mg/kg DM) improved serum Se levels (0.216 mg/l); however, the serum levels were not affected by the supplementation. I content in pasture showed adequate levels (0.50-0.60 mg/kg DM), which were reflected in the blood serum values 30 days prior to lambing (0.197-0.208 mg/l). However, at lambing, the I content in blood serum decreased (0.150 mg/l). Further, the supplementation did not modify the serum I levels (0.163-0.175 mg/l). An increase in FT3 levels in ewes at lambing could be associated with the increase in Se content in pasture and/or the adequate I content in pasture. No effect of supplementation was observed. Lambs showed good results regarding the quality of fine fibre wool and performance after supplementation with Se and I or Se alone and exhibited slightly improved Se and I content in wool. In conclusion, natural pasture provides adequate status in Se and I for the Merino ewes and their offspring without any additional beneficial effects of supplementation with Se and I or only Se.

4.
Meat Sci ; 148: 137-149, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30388478

ABSTRACT

The nutria (Myocastor coypus) is a prolific herbivorous rodent originating from southern South America. The nutria is farmed in many countries mainly for its pelt through selected animals called nutria "mutations", with different kinds of fur color and, up until now, nutria meat has been considered as a by-product. However, taking into account the growing interest of consumers to access novel and exotic meat, nutria meat could be proposed as an attractive and nutritional delicacy. The data presented in this review shows that the nutritional value of nutria meat is adequate for human nutrition, taking into account the protein content and amino acids composition. The fatty acids present in nutria meat are in line with health concerns for lipids nutrition in humans. Furthermore, the mineral composition of farmed nutria makes it a good source of iron, zinc, copper and selenium, all needed for human nutrition, especially iron when it comes to children and women.


Subject(s)
Meat/analysis , Nutritive Value , Rodentia , Animal Husbandry/methods , Animals , Dietary Proteins/analysis , Fatty Acids/analysis , Female , Male , Trace Elements/analysis
5.
Meat Sci ; 98(3): 435-44, 2014 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25042240

ABSTRACT

The southern region of South America, a subtropical and temperate zone, is an important region for the production of beef and lamb meat, which is mainly produced in extensive pasture-based systems. Because of its content in highly valuable nutrients such as iron, zinc, selenium, fatty acids, and vitamins, meat is a unique and necessary food for the human diet in order to secure a long and healthy life, without nutritional deficiencies. Beef and lamb production systems based on temperate or tropical grasslands show interesting and, in some cases, a differential content in minerals, fatty acids and vitamins. This review deals with the distinctive aspects of the nutritional quality of beef and lamb meat produced in this region in terms of nutritional composition and the bioavailability of key nutrients related to its contribution for a healthy diet for all ages.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed , Diet , Meat/analysis , Nutritive Value , Animals , Cattle , Humans , Poaceae , Sheep, Domestic , South America
6.
Meat Sci ; 91(2): 116-24, 2012 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22296840

ABSTRACT

The content and the bioaccessibility of Se, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe were determined in unaged and aged meat (14days) from the Psoas major (PM), Gluteus medius (GM) and Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles of Hereford (H) and Braford breed (B) steers fed pasture. Furthermore, the content of heme-Fe was determined in the same muscles. The H had a lower content of Cu and a higher content of Fe. Also, H had more heme-Fe than B. The bioaccessibility in unaged meat for Se, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe ranged between 75 and 91%, 30 and 45%, 40 and 68%, 55 and 95%, and 60 and 70%, respectively. After aging, the bioaccessibility for the same minerals ranged between 58 and 80%, 30 and 48%, 40 and 58%, 75 and 95%, and 59 and 70%, respectively. Aging affected negatively the Se content and its bioaccessibility, in the two breeds. Also, the heme-Fe content was negatively affected by aging in all muscles and breeds.


Subject(s)
Diet , Food Handling/methods , Iron, Dietary/analysis , Meat/analysis , Minerals/analysis , Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry , Trace Elements/analysis , Animal Feed , Animals , Biological Availability , Heme/analysis , Humans , Male , Meat/classification , Species Specificity
7.
Meat Sci ; 84(3): 518-28, 2010 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20374819

ABSTRACT

Tenderloin (T), eye of rump (E), striploin (S), eye round (ER), tri-tip (TT), rib-eye roll (RR) and three rib plate-flank on (RP) meat cuts were evaluated. Selenium contents ranged between 0.42 and 1.20 mg/kg wet tissue (wt) in Hereford (H) breed and between 0.49 and 1.3 mg/kg wt in Braford (B) breed. In H and B breeds, T, TT and RP, and TT and RP were the richest cuts in selenium, respectively. Copper contents ranged between 0.25 and 1.04 mg/kg wt in H, and between 0.19 and 1.09 mg/kg wt in B. In H breed, RP had significantly more Cu than ER, TT, and RR. In B breed, ER and RR show a significant lower Cu level in comparison to the other meat cuts. Zinc contents ranged between 23 and 72.7 mg/kg wt in H, and between 23 and 63.9 mg/kg wt in B. RP is the richest cut in Zn compared to the other cuts in the two breeds. Iron contents ranged between 16.4 and 48.2 mg/kg wt in H, and between 14.2 and 47.9 mg/kg wt in B. In H breed, RR shows a lower content compared to the other cuts, except RP and S. In B breed, RR had the lowest level of Fe compared to the other cuts, except RP and T. Manganese contents ranged between 0.05 and 0.17 mg/kg wt in H, and between 0.04 and 0.48 mg/kg wt in B. In H no differences were detected between cuts. In B breed, ER cut shows the highest level of Mn.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed , Animal Husbandry/methods , Meat/analysis , Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry , Trace Elements/analysis , Animals , Cattle , Copper/analysis , Iron/analysis , Magnoliopsida , Male , Manganese/analysis , Poaceae , Selenium/analysis , Trifolium , Uruguay , Zinc/analysis
8.
Meat Sci ; 84(4): 706-10, 2010 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20374846

ABSTRACT

Rhea (Rhea americana) muscles Obturatorius medialis (OM) Iliotibialis lateralis (IL) and Iliofibularis (I), obtained from farmed animals, were evaluated regarding their oxidative/antioxidant status. The mean level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) expressed as malonaldehyde (MDA) content was of 0.84 mg MDA/kg wet tissue for the three muscles. TBARS level was significantly higher in IL than OM and I, with the two latter showing similar levels. The mean level of carbonyl proteins expressed as dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) was 1.59 nmol DNPH mg(-1). Carbonyl protein levels were significantly different (P<0.05) between the three muscles (IL>OM>I). Iron-induced TBARS generation was not significantly different between the three muscles at any time, nor for each muscle during the 5 h of the experiment. Superoxide dismutase activity in IL muscle was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in I muscle. However, the difference between IL and OM muscles was not significant. The differences between the three muscles became not significant when the results were expressed by mg of protein contained in the extract, instead by g of wet tissue. No differences were found for catalase (micromol of discomposed H(2)O(2) min(-1) g(-1) wet tissue or by mg of protein contained in the extract) and glutathione peroxidase (micromol ol of oxidized NADPH min(-1) g(-1) of wet tissue or by mg of protein contained in the extract) activities between the three muscles.


Subject(s)
Catalase/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Iron/pharmacology , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Meat/analysis , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Animals , Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry , Muscle, Skeletal/enzymology , Oxidation-Reduction , Struthioniformes
9.
Meat Sci ; 81(1): 116-9, 2009 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22063970

ABSTRACT

Mineral contents, haem and non-haem iron of rhea (Rhea americana) muscles Obturatorius medialis (OM), Iliotibialis lateralis (IL) and Iliofibularis (I) were determined. No differences between the three muscles were observed for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sodium. There is more potassium, zinc and copper in IL muscle than in OM and I muscles. For Manganese, OM and IL muscles show a higher content in comparison with I muscle. For selenium, IL and I muscles show the highest content compared to OM muscle. For total, haem and non-haem iron, the IL muscle shows the highest content respect to the other muscles. When compared to other meats, the minerals content of rhea meat show an elevated level in phosphorus, selenium and total and haem iron. The human health concern due to the deficient diet in selenium and iron, and their high contents in rhea meat will be of great importance in the promotion of this meat.

10.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) ; 92(5): 597-604, 2008 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19012604

ABSTRACT

The effects of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on food and water intake in male broiler chickens were investigated. The injection of 25 or 50 microg/kg of 8-OH-DPAT 15 min before refeeding in fasted animals produced a decrease in food intake. No effect was observed in drinking. The injection of 25 or 50 microg/kg of the 8-OH-DPAT 60 min after the start of refeeding did not produce any significant modification in food intake. No effect on drinking was recorded. The agonist 8-OH-DPAT injected 15 min before water presentation in water-deprived chickens, produced an increased drinking 60 min after the presentation of water. No effect on food intake was observed. The results show that the effect on food intake of the agonist 8-OH-DPAT in fasted-refed broiler chickens was similar to those observed in mammals and layer-strain chickens. However, the agonist did not alter significantly the food intake when the broilers were fed 60 min before the injection. These results are contrary to the observed effects in mammals and in layer-strain chickens. Probably, the selection for rapid growth rate in broilers causes modifications in the feeding control pattern. The comparison between broilers and layers strain may be a useful tool to elucidate the complex mechanisms involved in food and water intake regulation in chickens.


Subject(s)
8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin/pharmacology , Chickens/physiology , Drinking/drug effects , Eating/drug effects , Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism , Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Animal Feed , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Animals , Chickens/growth & development , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drinking/physiology , Eating/physiology , Fasting , Male
11.
Meat Sci ; 80(3): 570-81, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22063568

ABSTRACT

Meat yields, proximate compositions, fatty acids compositions and technological parameters are reviewed for species which might be further developed as indigenous sources of meat in South America. These include the alpaca (Lama pacos), capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), guanaco (Lama guanicoe), llama (Lama glama), nutria (Myocastor coypus), collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu), greater rhea (Rhea americana), lesser rhea (Rhea pennata), yacare (Caiman crocodilus yacare), tegu lizard (Tupinambis merianae) and green iguana (Iguana iguana).

12.
Meat Sci ; 76(2): 366-76, 2007 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22064308

ABSTRACT

Growth, carcass yield and proximate composition were determined in intensively reared nutria (Myocastor coypus) fed different levels of protein. Growth, food intake and food utilization efficiency were not significantly affected, within the same sex, in animals receiving 16%, 19% or 22% of protein in the diet. Males consumed the same amount of food as females but had greater live and carcass weights at slaughter age than females. Males had the highest meat yield and females had the highest fat content. Independent of dietary protein level, the pectoral muscles of all animals ranged from 19.2% to 23.6% protein, 1.97% to 2.47% total lipids, and 70.1 to 72.0mg of cholesterol in 100g of tissue. In the thigh muscles, the observed ranges were between 21.4% and 22.9% in proteins, 1.83% and 2.07 in total lipids and 69.9 and 71.0mg of cholesterol in 100g of tissue. The determination of classes of lipids shows more phospholipids contents in animals receiving 16% of protein in diet.

13.
Physiol Behav ; 88(4-5): 506-15, 2006 Jul 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16765388

ABSTRACT

This work was performed to investigate the effect of duration of fasting in the responses of chickens peripherally injected with histamine on the regulation of food intake. The animals were 16-week-old male chickens from layer-strain and the doses of histamine used were 500 and 1000 microg/kg of body weight. The non fasted chickens showed no effect of histamine on the food intake. When the animals were fasted during 4 h, injected with the histamine and immediately refed, the results showed a reduction of food intake only the first 15 min of the experiments with the dose of 1000 mug. In chickens fasted during 16 h or 26 h and refed, the histamine inhibited significantly the food intake at all time with the two doses. When the animals were fasted 16 h and refed during 60 min before the administration of the histamine, there is no inhibition of food intake. No effect on water intake has been registered in all the experiments. The blockade of the action of histamine injected in chickens fasted during 16 h by cimetidine and promethazine, show that the inhibition of food intake occurs through the H1 but not through H2 receptors. The fasting used in paradigm to investigate the effect of drugs such as histamine on the appetite, can affect differently the responses according to its duration, as observed here in chickens.


Subject(s)
Chickens/physiology , Eating/drug effects , Fasting/psychology , Histamine/pharmacology , Animals , Cimetidine/pharmacology , Depression, Chemical , Histamine/administration & dosage , Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Male , Promethazine/pharmacology , Receptors, Histamine H1/drug effects , Receptors, Histamine H2/drug effects , Time Factors
14.
Meat Sci ; 72(4): 778-84, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22061893

ABSTRACT

This study describes the total lipids, protein and fatty acids in the meat, liver, brain and adipose tissue of five male and five female nutria (Myocastor coypus). The animals were reared on a specialized farm in Uruguay. Total lipid content was between 1.41% and 1.84% in males and females. Total cholesterol content was between 70.1mg and 72.7mg/100g of wet tissue. The protein content was between 19.56% and 22.34% in males and females. No significant differences (P>0.05) were detected between males and females for total lipid, cholesterol or protein. Total, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid values were higher (P<0.001) in female than in male thigh muscle. Pectoral muscle had more (P<0.05) saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in females than in males. Subcutaneous adipose tissue from females had the highest (P<0.01) total, saturated and monounsaturated but not polyunsaturated fatty acids while abdominal adipose tissue from males had more polyunsaturated fatty.

15.
Physiol Behav ; 75(3): 271-5, 2002 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11897252

ABSTRACT

The effects of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on food and water intake in 16-week-old male chickens were investigated. Injection of 25 or 50 microg/kg of 8-OH-DPAT 15 min before refeeding starved animals (starved-refed) produced a decrease in food intake 1 h after the start of refeeding. No effect was observed in water intake. The injection of 25 or 50 microg/kg of the 8-OH-DPAT 60 min after the start of refeeding (fed) produced increased food intake, but no effect was observed on water intake. The agonist 8-OH-DPAT (50 microg/kg) injected in water-deprived chickens 15 min before water presentation produced a rapid increase in water intake and an increase in food intake 90 min after the presentation of water. The effect on food intake was mainly apparent 60-90 min after injection. However, when the chickens were water-deprived, the intravenous administration of 8-OH-DPAT 15 min before the presentation of water produced an increase in water intake only 15 min after the start of the experiment. The results show that the effect on food intake of the agonist 8-OH-DPAT in chickens was similar to that observed in mammals. Also, the results show that the agonist-induced increase in water intake may act via a different mechanism. The results show that the 8-OH-DPAT, as in mammals, has a complex effect on food and water intake in chickens and that further works need to be carried out to understand the mechanisms involved in the food and water intake using different animal models.


Subject(s)
8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin/pharmacology , Chickens/physiology , Drinking/drug effects , Eating/drug effects , Receptors, Serotonin/drug effects , Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Animals , Food Deprivation/physiology , Male , Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1 , Water Deprivation/physiology
16.
Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent ; 11(3): 305-14; quiz 316, 1999 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10379291

ABSTRACT

In the anterior region, the successful replacement of a single tooth with an implant-supported restoration is one of the most difficult treatment options due to numerous functional and biological requisites. Such prostheses should also satisfy the increasing aesthetic demands of patients who expect the definitive restoration to mimic the natural dentition and their supporting gingival tissues. This article highlights the importance of the provisional restoration as the critical element for aesthetic success and gingival integration. Its perfect replication in the definitive restoration requires the use of optimized transference techniques.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants, Single-Tooth , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Denture, Partial, Temporary , Esthetics, Dental , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Adult , Crowns , Dental Abutments , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Prosthesis Design , Female , Gingiva/physiology , Humans , Incisor , Maxilla , Patient Care Planning
17.
Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent ; 11(9): 1063-72; quiz 1074, 1999.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10853590

ABSTRACT

While single-tooth replacement can be accomplished with predictability using implant therapy, this procedure is challenging in the anterior region where numerous criteria must be evaluated by the restorative team. The available height of bone, soft tissue volume, and three-dimensional position of the anticipated implant restoration are among the numerous concerns that must be addressed prior to the initiation of treatment. This article provides a comprehensive review for the selection and placement of implants in the aesthetic region and illustrates these principles with a case presentation.


Subject(s)
Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Implants, Single-Tooth , Esthetics, Dental , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Decision Making , Dental Prosthesis Design , Gingiva/surgery , Gingivoplasty , Humans , Maxilla , Patient Care Planning
18.
Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent ; 10(5): 655-64; quiz 666, 1998.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9728143

ABSTRACT

Insufficient hard and soft tissue height and width can be a repercussion of tooth loss or a result of postoperative healing following implant surgery. Insufficient bone can preclude proper implant positioning, while inadequately treated soft tissue will not exhibit a gingival appearance similar to that of the adjacent teeth. If hard and soft tissue discrepancies are not corrected by regenerative techniques, the replaced tooth appears long or overbulked gingivally. In order to create hard and soft tissue harmony, an understanding of the biological variables and periodontal implications is necessary.


Subject(s)
Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Dental Implants , Esthetics, Dental , Periodontium , Alveolar Bone Loss/surgery , Dental Prosthesis Design , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Humans , Patient Care Planning , Periodontium/anatomy & histology , Periodontium/physiology
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