[Urgent problems of occupational diseases in Georgia in the junction of XX-XXI centuries].

The radical reform of health care system in Georgia after the collapse of the Soviet Union negatively affected the occupational medicine, environmental medicine, occupational health services, and preventive measures. The level of medical assistance to people suffering from harmful industrial factors decreased, which is a serious danger for the health of the workers and for the next generations. The aim of the article is to protect the right to means for adequate health and suggest effective ways for health care improvement. In order to reconstruct the system of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, it is necessary to create a network of occupational healthcare. We strongly believe investment in preventive health is vital to safeguard and improve the health of the community. The Center of Occupational Medicine and the Institute of Labor Medicine and Ecology with corresponding financing, educational programs for medical students and continuous practice of physicians in occupational medicine, enhancing the number of the scientific research designed to discover the early forms of occupational pathologies and timely prevention of the disease is vital to protect the right to means for adequate health, to advance the professional development of physicians, nurses, research scientists, and allied health professionals in order to diminish general and occupational diseases in Georgia.

[Derivative allergens as predictors of allergic predisposition in next generations].

Through studding of statistical data was performed the analysis of allergosis sickness rate in Georgia during the last ten years (1998-2004) and was determined the steady rise of allergic illnesses with prevailing bronchial asthma in allergology. Were searched the main reasons for development of allergic illnesses and risk factors that provide formation of allergic disposition among the children, the parents of which were examined and treated in Allergology Clinic of Tbilisi State Medical University in 2004-2005. Among 535 examined adults ill with allergosis 2/5 were ill with bronchial asthma, 20% - with drug allergy, 13% - food-borne allergy, 11% - allergic dermatitis; the group of patients sick with insectallergy appeared the minimum - 1,5%. Among the allergens caused development of allergy is home dust, drug and food-borne allergens. Was determined the significant role of work contact with occupational allergens of patients in formation of allergic diseases among the children: correlative coefficient PR made 2,03 in 95% interval confidence within 1,36 - 3,09. Among the occupational allergens the chemical allergens were predominated (pesticides, synthetic detergents, drugs, dyestuff and dissolvent) - at about 75% from the total number of "guilty" allergens.

[Health peculiarities among georgian national ballet dancers].

Dancers performing classical, characteristic and national dances represent one of those activities that cause stress of nervous-muscular and psycho-emotional systems, locomotion apparatus induced by physical efforts. Intensive physical and psycho - emotional stress during the dancing process causes misbalance between physiological possibilities of the body and its capability of prompt adaptation, thus creating conditions for developing pathologies. Among male dancers of Georgian national ballet most frequently occur professional diseases such as: arthrosis and traumatic meniscites of knee joints, arthrosis of talocrural joint, epicondylitis of shoulder bone, chronic lumboiliac sacriplex radiculitis, and osteochondrosis of cervical part of the spine; among female dancers osteochodrosis of neck and chronic lumboiliac radiculitis were mainly observed. Increased level of neurasthenic syndrome among dancers of Georgian national ballet occurred in the form of hypertonic type vegetative-vascular dystonia. That stemmed from peculiarities of dancers work and permits to ascribe this pathology to the group of work-related diseases. To this group should be ascribed as well podagra arthritis of a foot stemmed from: a) systematic micro-traumas resulting in dystrophic changes and b) special regimen of nutrition.

[Risk factors of the development of allergic diseases in children at the junction of XX-XXI centuries].

Analysis of the scientific achievements of Allergology, Immunology, Genetics and Profpathology as well as scientific investigation the authors set categories of causes, characteristics and promoting factors, that cause progressive increase of allergic diseases and atopy in children. Allergic heredity plays significant role in the incidence of allergic diseases among children. The focus is made on development of toxicosis during the pregnancy, frequency of abortions, smoking and treatment with drugs during pregnancy and lactation, excessive consumption of cow milk during lactation. Numerous evidences confirm the negative role of high environmental pollution that is observed during the last decade in the increase of allergoses. Besides, it is worth mentioning that food and plant allergens greatly contribute in the development of allergens in children. Special attention should be paid to the parents' professional activities in antenatal period of the fetus development, particularly, to their professional contacts with the industrial allergens. Three constitutional types of children are discussed, based on them it is possible to make projections about development of different types of allergoses in children. The role of different chemical. biological and physical air pollutants is indicated in setting allergic status in children. Conclusions made on the basis of the analysis of the existing information will help researchers and practicing physicians to prevent development allergic pathologies in children in antenatal period and later progressive of manifested disease by means of purposive, effective preventive measures and treatment complexes.

[Occupational medicine -- past, present and the future trends].

State of the occupational medicine in Georgia -- performing investigations in the field of occupational illnesses, providing workers with the occupational health services, training of the medical staff in higher educational institutions, perspectives of occupational health services for workers and personnel, having professional contact with hazardous factors were discussed. The major stages of the development of occupational medicine, since the foundation of the occupational health services in Georgia, till today, were presented. The principal mistakes made in organizational -- practical, educational, methodical, research practices in public institution managing the training of the scientific and practical personnel of occupational medicine were evaluated. On the basis of the present state of occupational medicine in the country some principal conclusions were made. These conclusions state that immediate measures should be taken for the development of the modern occupational health services. It is necessary to work out some new strategies and to restore old and proved actions.

[Effect of working conditions on health status and specific systemic functions of women employed in the construction ceramics industry]. / Vliianie uslovii truda na sostoianie zdorovía i spetsificheskie funktsii organizma zhenshchin, zaniatykh v proizvodstve stroitelnoi keramiki.

Hygienic, clinical and functional studies showed that the women engaged into building ceramics production are exposed to occupational hazards, the leading one is dust. Those hazards affect the health status of women engaged into the stated production and result in their higher morbidity. The respiratory diseases, basically chronic bronchitis and tracheobronchitis, are the leading entities in the structure of morbidity. The state of specific functions (gynecologic morbidity, complicated pregnancy and delivery) of female workers and physical development of their children differ greatly from those in control group. Methodic documents and prophylactic recommendations are worked out.

[Working conditions and health status of women employed in clay brick industry (in subtropical climate)]. / Osobennosti uslovii truda i sostoianie zdorovía rabotnits na proizvodstve glinianogo kirpicha (v usloviiakh subtropicheskogo klimata).

The workers engaged into clay brick production in subtropic climate are exposed to dust and heating microclimate. Scientific and technologic progress has a great positive influence on the improvement of work conditions in the stated production. Respiratory diseases turned out to take the first place in the structure of morbidity with transitory disablement. The clinical studies established the correlation between the work conditions and gynecologic morbidity, occurrence of complicated pregnancy and delivery, impaired physical development and health status of newborns and children. The methodic documents and prophylactic recommendations are worked out.