[Vascular endothelial growth factor in elderly and senile age: clinical and pathogenetic relationships.]

The aim of the study was to study the role of serum vascular endothelial growth factor and to determine its clinical significance in elderly and senile patients. The study included 124 people (40 men and 84 women) aged 60 to 89 years, the average age was 68,8±7,4 years. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were studied in the work; blood lipid spectrum parameters, indicators of acute phase blood proteins: C-reactive protein (C-RP), fibrinogen; glomerular filtration rate (GFR) according to the CKD-EPI formula based on serum creatinine and according to the F. Hoek method using cystatin C. In general, 15,3% of the examined individuals had elevated serum levels of VEGF, more often in elderly patients. It was found that serum levels of VEGF are positively associated with the concentration of CRP (r=0,411), the number of platelets in peripheral blood (r=0,358) and positive with the concentration of serum cystatin C (r=0,211). In the subgroup of patients with an elevated serum VEGF level, the platelet count, the concentration of C-RP, fibrinogen, and cystatin C were significantly higher, and the calculated GFR according to F.Hoek was significantly lower. Patients with an elevated serum VEGF level, as a pro-inflammatory and prothrombogenic potential, especially if it is associated with the development of kidney dysfunction in the elderly and senile, should be considered as a risk group for atherothrombotic cardiovascular events.

[Inflammatory markers, lipid metabolism and renal functional state in young, middle, elderly and senior patients with high cardiovascular risk.]

With increasing age in the human body, various pathophysiological changes are observed in response to the effects of various factors, taking into account the genetic predisposition. Among the possible factors causing an increase in cardiovascular risk in the general population are the level of blood pressure, changes in lipid metabolism and inflammation markers, as well as the magnitude of the filtration function of the kidneys. This publication examined inflammatory markers, lipid metabolism, and renal function in 269 (136 males and 133 females) young, middle, elderly, and senile patients at high cardiovascular risk. It was shown that among the elderly, the frequency of overweight was 31%. The prevalence of obesity of the 1st degree was relatively higher in patients of middle (25,4%) and elderly (28,7%) age. In senile (62,5%) and young (48,3%) people, the most frequently recorded increase in heart rate was ≥80 beats per minute. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 31,6% in young people and 59,4% in middle-aged people. The number of patients with hypertension increased among the elderly and senile participants, 68,9 and 62,5% respectively. Systolic blood pressure levels were higher in the elderly compared to young and old people. The diastolic blood pressure and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower among elderly patients. Levels of total cholesterol, cholesterol of low density lipoproteins and triglycerides were significantly higher in middle-aged people. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as C-reactive protein, were significantly higher among elderly patients. A significant decrease in the filtration function of the kidneys was observed among elderly and senile patients.

[Correlations between parameters of central hemodynamics and cytokine profile in chronic kidney disease in combination with cerebrovascular diseases]. / Vzaimosviaz' parametrov tsentral'noi gemodinamiki i tsitokinovogo profilia pri khronicheskoi bolezni pochek v sochetanii s tserebrovaskuliarnymi zabolevaniiami.

AIM: To study the relationship between central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness indicators with cystatin C, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-(IL)-10 in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in combination with cerebrovascular diseases (CEV). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients, aged from 19 to 81 years, with signs of chronic renal dysfunction, including 73 with CKD (1st group) and 47 with CKD in combination with CEH (group 2), were examined. 'AngioScan' (Russia) was used to study indices of arterial rigidity. Blood plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-10 and cystatin C were determined by the enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: There is a significant increase (p<0.05) in the systolic, diastolic, central levels of arterial pressure, augmentation index, the index of increase at a pulse rate of 75 per min, the age index, the age of the vascular system and cystatin C content in the patients with CKD in combination with CEV compared to the patients with CKD without accompanying CEH. In the group of patients with CKD in combination with CEV, a correlation was found between the level of TNF-alpha and arterial stiffness index on one side (r=0.318; p<0.05) and the augmentation index on the other (r=0.299; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results confirm the fact that there is a significant increase in the level of plasma cystatin C and a decrease in GFR in patients with CKD in combination with CEV. Correlations were found between the level of TNF-alpha, augmentation index and deterioration of parameters of central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness in CKD in combination with CEH.

[Renal dysfunction and indicators of arterial hormity in persons of elderly and senile age.]

In the presented paper had been examined parameters of arterial stiffness (stiffness index, SI m/s; reflection index, RI%; augmentation index, Alp; biological age of the vascular system, VA years; age index, AGI; alternative stiffness index, aSI; index of increase in HP=75, Aiр 75%), central arterial pressure and cystatin C content in serum. A totally were examined 98 persons (women, n=45 and men, n=53) elderly and older. A comparative analysis of arterial stiffness and its relationship with blood cystatin C in the examined groups with gender differences taken into account. In the elderly and older women, the augmentation index and its increase at a pulse rate of 75, atherogenic lipids (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum triglycerides) were significantly higher, and the indicators of the alternative stiffness index were significantly lower compared to men elderly and older. The greatest number of correlation interrelations was found between the indices of arterial stiffness and the level of cystatin C in the group of women of elderly and senile age.