Results of cranial vault reshaping.

This study was designed to assess the outcome of cranial vault reshaping for correction of deformity of the skull and the upper face. A retrospective review of all children who underwent cranial vault reshaping by a single team of surgeons between 1993 and 1996 was performed. There were 10 children in the series. The age at surgery ranged from 6 to 62 months (mean age, 25 months). Five children in the series had untreated sagittal craniosynostosis with scaphocephaly, two had pansynostosis resulting in cloverleaf skull deformity, and three had turricephaly after shunt treatment of hydrocephalus. There was no operative mortality. Blood loss ranged from 250 to 1,500 ml (mean, 422 ml). All patients needed transfusion. There were two major complications resulting from increased intracranial pressure, but both patients recovered completely with no neurological sequelae. Titanium plates and screws were used in all patients, but were removed in two when they became palpable. The 5 children with sagittal craniosynostosis had a normal head shape. The 2 children with cloverleaf skull have improved head shape with persistent increased bitemporal width and round faces. The 3 children with turricephaly after shunting have marked improvement with mild persistent deformity. This study shows that cranial vault reshaping is safe and can lead to a long-term normal head shape in children with late correction of sagittal craniosynostosis. Children with more severe anomalies, particularly syndromic patients, can be improved but will have persistent mild deformity.

Studies on pathogenicity of turkey ureaplasma.

Turkeys and chickens were experimentally infected with a ureaplasma strain T-1001 isolated from turkey semen. Following infection, sero-fibrinous airsacculitis and serological responses developed in turkeys and chickens of different ages.