ABSTRACT
AIMS: The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal associations between academic burnout and resilience and psychological well-being, and the stability of these variables in a sample of university nursing students. BACKGROUND: Nursing students frequently suffer academic burnout, which is brought on by different situations experienced during the training process and that can concern his psychological well-being. Resilience is a personal resource that allows adverse situations to be handled in a successful way. DESIGN: Longitudinal design. METHODS: Data were collected at two moments separated by 18 months (2014-2016), with 218 students at T1 and 113 at T2. At each time a questionnaire was given to them, with questions about socioeconomic demographics and three validated scales to measure academic burnout, resilience, and psychological well-being. RESULTS: The three dimensions that make up academic burnout remained steady over time, while resilience increased and psychological well-being improved. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed the longitudinal effect of emotional exhaustion at T1 and at T2 they showed the longitudinal effect of resilience on psychological well-being at T2. The inverse hierarchical regression analyses did not reveal significant relationships for any of the variables measured at T2 in connection with psychological well-being measured at T1. CONCLUSIONS: Emotional exhaustion was the most relevant dimension of academic burnout when predicting psychological well-being in the analysed sample. Moreover, resilience has an important positive effect on psychological well-being in the analysed sample. The practical implications of the results are discussed from the perspective of academic training and some recommendations are given for future research in this field.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/psychology , Resilience, Psychological , Students, Nursing/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Mental Health , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between resilience, academic burnout and psychological health in a sample of nursing students. METHOD/DESIGN: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was applied, with questionnaires as tools. PARTICIPANTS: The convenience sample consisted of 113 nursing students in their final academic year, who voluntarily participated in the study. RESULTS: The results indicated a statistically significant relationship between resilience and both emotional exhaustion (r = -.55; p < .01) and psychological health (r = -.62; p < .01), as well as between all three dimensions of burnout and psychological health. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that high scores for resilience and low scores for emotional exhaustion predict better perceived psychological health [F(2.96) = 17.75; p < .001]. CONCLUSIONS: Resilience was associated with lower levels of psychological discomfort and academic burnout. These findings highlight the importance of developing resilience and integrating it as an element in the nursing educational programme.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/psychology , Resilience, Psychological , Students, Nursing/psychology , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Spain , Stress, Psychological , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Esta investigación pretende analizar la relación entre la variable psicológica de resiliencia y las dimensiones que componen el síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo, así como el potencial efecto protector de la capacidad de la resiliencia ante dicho proceso de desgaste y la aparición de síntomas de malestar psicológico en los estudiantes. La muestra estaba constituida por 218 alumnos de enfermería de segundo de grado de la Universidad de Murcia. Se les aplicaron tres instrumentos: la Escala de Resiliencia (CD-RISC-10), el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI-GS) y el Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-12). Los resultados apoyan la relación negativa entre la capacidad psicológica de la resiliencia y el síndrome de burnout y la presencia de sintomatología psicológica. Finalmente, se sugieren algunas recomendaciones para la investigación futura con estudios analíticamente más complejos que profundicen en la relación entre las variables estudiadas y su aplicabilidad en el contexto formativo de los estudiantes
The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the psychological variable of resilience and burnout dimensions, as well as the possible effects of resilience as a protective factor against burnout and its consequences on students health. The sample was composed of 218 nursing students of second degree of Murcia University. Three assessment instruments were used: The Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-GS), and a spanish version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The results support the negative relationship between psychological resilience and burnout syndrome and the presence of psychological symptoms. Finally, recommendations for future research by analytically more complex studies to deepen the relationship between the studied variables and their applicability in the educational context of the students are suggested
Subject(s)
Humans , Resilience, Psychological , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Social Adjustment , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Students, Nursing/psychologyABSTRACT
Resumen:
Objetivos: estimar el nivel de agotamiento emocional y conocer el estado de malestar psicológico en una muestra de estudiantes de enfermería. Analizar la relación entre el agotamiento emocional y el estado de malestar psicológico percibido. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal. En una muestra de 113 estudiantes de enfermería de cuarto de grado se administraron dos cuestionarios validados: la escala del agotamiento emocional en la adaptación española del Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI-GS), y la validación española del cuestionario de bienestar psicológico GHQ-12. Resultados: un 27,4% de la muestra experimentó niveles altos de agotamiento emocional. Se obtuvo una puntuación media de 9,43 (SD=7,26) en la escala de bienestar psicológico. El agotamiento emocional se asoció a la edad (r=0,252; p<0,01) y a una mayor frecuencia de malestar psíquico (r=0,494, p≤0,000). Ni el género ni el estado civil se asociaron al agotamiento emocional y al estado de bienestar psíquico.Conclusiones: un amplio porcentaje de la muestra reflejó altos niveles de agotamiento emocional, asociados a una mayor presencia de sintomatología psíquica. Por tanto, se requieren medidas a nivel formativo que permitan prevenir el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout y de sus consecuencias sobre el bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes.
