A Triad of Intricacies: An Exploration of Concomitant Codominant Coronary Artery Pattern, Patent Foramen Ovale, and Chiari Network in a Cadaveric Study.

Although findings related to codominant coronary artery circulation, patent foramen ovale (PFO), and Chiari network (CN) have been documented in isolation, there is a gap in literature detailing the unique case with the presence of all three cardiac anomalies concomitantly present in a single heart. The purpose of this case report is to detail a unique cadaveric heart case, to serve as reference to provide useful data for interventionalists and clinicians. This observational cadaveric study assessed a single donor heart obtained through the University of Houston College of Medicine's Willed Donor Program. After meticulous dissection, relevant heart surface structures were isolated and identified. Morphometric analysis and measurements were obtained via a digital vernier caliper. The donor heart exhibited a typical codominant coronary arterial scheme, in that the posterior interventricular artery arose as a merger between the right coronary and the circumflex on the postero-inferior surface of the heart when placed in the valentine orientation. Interestingly, the antero-lateral surface of the heart was supplied via a left marginal artery (LMA) and an accessory left anterior interventricular artery.Contribution to the existing knowledge base of unique concomitant cardiac anomalies, may prove to be a beneficial future reference for interventionalists in hopes that an expanded knowledge base may lead to comprehensive and safe implementation of a wide variety of procedures.

Research study on the effects of multi-component exercise on older adults with chronic conditions.

BACKGROUND: Multicomponent exercises involving eccentric contraction (ECC) exercise, chair yoga (CY) and tai chi (TC) are practiced extensively to treat older adults with chronic conditions. The study investigated the effect of CY and TC performance after various intensity of ECC exercise induced muscle pain, delayed onset of muscle sores (DOMS), and strength in sedentary older adults. METHODS: Nine sedentary older adults with chronic condition(s) aged between 60 and 90 performed CY and TC after ECC exercise protocol for 9 weeks. The medical preprotocol, ECC exercise, CY, and TC performance, subjective (health activities of daily living [ADL] difficulty scale; Visual Analog Scale [VAS], and DOMS), objective (pressure pain threshold [PPT]), and medical postprotocol assessments were carried out and compared the physical status before and after the protocol. RESULTS: Our results show that functional limitations, DOMS, VAS, and PPT levels were improved in the CY and TC performed weeks 3, 4, 7, and 8 compared to ECC exercise weeks 2 and 6. The manual muscle testing (MMT), active range of motion (AROM), and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were improved and showed significant differences on the weak muscle groups. The mean Tinetti balance and gait score, and general endurance showed significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings have important implications for clinical exercise prescription as low perceived CY and TC, and ECC exercise might suit well for older adults with chronic conditions. Performing multicomponent exercises can help to reduce the risk of injury from falls and prevent age-related mobility, balance, and physical function decline in older adults.

Effect of Large Versus Small Range of Motion in the Various Intensities of Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Pain and Strength.

The purpose was to investigate eccentric (ECC) exercise with full range of motion (FROM) induce a greater magnitude of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), pain, functional limitations compared to partial range of motion (PROM; outer 60° of ROM). Thirty-four participants (men and women) aged between 18 and 30 years performed ECC exercise protocol on elbow and knee muscles (5 × 10 repetitions each session) using their 15%/25%/35% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with PROM (week 2-4) and FROM (week 6-8). Two days a week, ECC exercises and remaining days the subjective and objective assessments were carried out (activities of daily living (ADL), pain (visual analogue scale (VAS), pain pressure threshold (PPT)), and MVIC. The ECC exercise with FROM showed moderate pain (0-3.5) in ADL (pulling a heavy object and descending stairs), VAS, and PPT for elbow extensors and knee flexors and showed a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) compared to PROM ECC protocol. The muscle strength was increased in FROM ECC exercise than PROM ECC exercise and ranged between 23.16% and 28.22%. ECC exercise performed with FROM induced a higher degree of DOMS, pain, ADL limitations than PROM. The study outcomes can be used for beginner sedentary older adults as well as young athletes.