ABSTRACT
AIMS: Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Oleuropein, the active constituent of olive leaf, possesses anti-oxidant, hypoglycaemic, and hypolipidaemic activities. We aimed to investigate the preventive effects of olive leaf extract on hepatic fat accumulation in a rat model of NASH. METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensive/NIH-corpulent rats were fed a diet of AIN-93G with or without olive leaf extract (500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg diet, and control; 5 rats each) for 23 weeks. Serological and histopathological findings, anti-oxidative activity, and the alteration of fatty acid synthesis in the liver were evaluated. RESULTS: Histopathologically, a diet of AIN-93G containing more than 1000 mg/kg olive leaf extract had a preventive effect for the occurrence of NASH. Thioredoxin-1 expression in the liver was more evident in rats fed this diet, and 4-hydroxynonenal expression in the liver was less evident in these rats. There were no significant differences in the activities of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase, fatty acid synthase, malic enzyme, and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that olive leaf extract may help prevent NASH, presumably through its anti-oxidative activity.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Fatty Liver/prevention & control , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Pyrans/administration & dosage , Aldehydes/metabolism , Animal Feed , Animals , Blood Chemical Analysis , Disease Models, Animal , Fatty Liver/metabolism , Fatty Liver/pathology , Iridoid Glucosides , Iridoids , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Liver/pathology , Male , Olea , Organ Size/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Inbred SHR , Thioredoxins/metabolismABSTRACT
Fatty liver is commonly associated with alcohol or metabolic syndrome. We aimed to examine the longitudinal aspects of fatty liver, and clarify the independent predictors for the development or regression of fatty liver. In the present study, the clinical features of 1578 Japanese adults (1208 men and 370 women; 35 to 69 years of age) who visited our center both in 2000 and 2007-2008 were recorded and compared, including liver status diagnosed by ultrasonography. Of the 1578 participants, 217 (13.8%) showed fatty liver development, and 74 (4.7%) showed fatty liver regression. Logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index and percentage body fat were strongly associated with the development or regression of fatty liver. Metabolic syndrome-related disorders such as serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, and fasting blood glucose were also associated with clinical course to some degree. However, the history of alcohol intake, the presence of metabolic syndrome, blood pressure, and habitual physical exercise were not independent predictors for the development or regression of fatty liver. Our present data suggest that control of body weight in men and the percentage body fat in women are particularly important for the prevention or treatment of fatty liver.
