ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Hamartomas is a neoplasms composed of mature tissue elements from the affected site with disproportion between their components. Although lingual hamartomas are traditionally infrequent in the head and neck, a significant number of case reports with this disorder in infancy are arising from the literature. CASE REPORT: We present a remarkable case of a vallecular hamartoma in a 5-month-old infant. Moreover, the value of histopathological diagnosis was highlighted regarding the differentiation between hamartomas and other benign/reactive lesions. CONCLUSION: Surgical excision is regarded as the treatment of choice for vallecular hamartomas; in addition, no recurrence has been reported after complete resection.
ABSTRACT
Acute leukemia, the most common form of cancer in children, accounts for approximately 30% of all childhood malignancies, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia being five times more frequent than acute myeloid leukemia. Lineage switch is the term that has been used to describe the phenomenon of acute leukemias that meet the standard French-American-British system criteria for a particular lineage (either lymphoid or myeloid) upon initial diagnosis, but meet the criteria for the opposite lineage at relapse. Many reports have documented conversions of acute lymphoblastic leukemia to acute myeloid leukemia. Here, we report the case of a 4-year-old child with acute myeloid leukemia, which upon relapse switched to acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The morphologic, phenotypic, and molecular features suggest the origin of a new leukemic clone.
