ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To use the mammographic image processing algorithm developed by the authors in order to identify a cyst area. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigations used statistical methods for processing the mammographic films in women with different breast abnormalities, which were taken in the mammography room, Departmental Hospital at the Murom Station, OAO "RZhD", in the first half of 2012. Taking into account the incidence of breast cysts and difficulty in its detection, the authors proposed a specially oriented algorithm to identify a cyst area. It allowed one to assert with a higher degree of probability that the found tumors are cysts due to their typical inner structure and outer outlines. The application of the known algorithms for film processing failed to yield desirable results in the detection of round lumps as they were aimed at solving other tasks. RESULTS: During the investigation, 27 mammograms were processed, which showed 12 cysts cytologically diagnosed; the detection rate of this type of a round breast lump was 80-90%. CONCLUSION: The use of this algorithm by a radiologist in his practice will be able to improve the quality of diagnosis particularly during screening tests for women and to reduce the number of pre-examinations using additional methods to identify a round breast lump.
Subject(s)
Breast Cyst/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mammography/methods , Adult , Algorithms , Breast/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Mass Screening/methods , Mass Screening/standards , Middle Aged , Quality Improvement , RussiaABSTRACT
Eight therapeutic variants were worked out for 602 patients with esophageal cancer: 61 patients entered in the control group. The latter received routine radiation therapy. The results of therapy of 496 patients were studied. The most promising method was chemoradiotherapy using multifractionation of a daily dose of irradiation, the 4-year survival rate of 20% being achieved. For combination with radiation therapy the following schemes of chemotherapeutic agents were used bleomycin-methotrexate-prospidine, bleomycin-adriamycin-methotrexate, dactinomycin-methotrexate-prospidine, methotrexate-prospidine. Intensive detoxication therapy with parenteral feeding is recommended to decrease the frequency of complications and to improve therapy tolerance.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Esophageal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Bleomycin/administration & dosage , Combined Modality Therapy , Dactinomycin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality , Gamma Rays/therapeutic use , Humans , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Metronidazole/administration & dosage , Prospidium/administration & dosage , Radiotherapy Dosage , Remission Induction , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The results of gamma-beam therapy of esophageal cancer leave much to be desired. However betatron therapy improves them. To compare the results of esophageal cancer therapy 4 therapeutic modalities were employed: the 1st group--chemoradiotherapy (methotrexate at a weekly dose of 45 mg), the 2nd group--chemoradiotherapy (methotrexate at a dose of 10 mg alternating with prospidin at a dose of 200 mg), the 3rd group--radiotherapy (inhibitory radiation), the 4th group--radiotherapy (gamma-beam therapy). Higher efficacy of chemoradiotherapy as compared to radiotherapy only was established.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Esophageal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Prognosis , Prospidium/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with the results of radiotherapy of inoperable lung cancer patients. The efficacy of dynamic and conventional fractionation regimens was evaluated in relation to the tumor growth rate and size. The tumor growth rate was shown to be of importance for a local radiation effect: the higher growth rate was, the more pronounced tumor lesion and resorption were. A close relationship between the regression intensity and patients' survival was shown.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Male , Middle Aged , Radiotherapy Dosage , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Esophageal Neoplasms/complications , Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Particle Accelerators , Radioisotope Teletherapy , Radiotherapy Dosage , Radiotherapy, High-EnergyABSTRACT
The phospholipid spectrum and their content in the liver, heart, kidneys and the brain of rats was studied comparatively under normal conditions and in alloxan diabetes. Under pathological conditions there occurred significant changes in the amount of individual phospholipids in all the organs, but the most pronounced changes were noted in the brain. A sharp increase of cardiolipin content and a regular reduction of choline-containing lipids--lecithin and sphyngomyelin--in the organs under study were characteristic of alloxan diabetes. Oscillations in the concentration of other phospholipid fractions (phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine) had a definite organic specificity.
