CustFRE: An annotated dataset for extraction of family relations from English text.

Meaningful Information extraction is an extremely important and challenging task due to the ever growing size of data. Training and evaluating automated systems for the task requires annotated datasets which are rarely available because of the great amount of human effort and time required for annotating data. The dataset described in this manuscript, CustFRE, is meant for systems that learn extracting family relations from text. Sentences having at least two persons have been collected from the internet. The texts are first processed using Stanford's NLP pipeline for basic NLP tagging. Next, a team of natural language processing experts annotated the dataset. All family relations among persons in the texts have been annotated, or a no_relation is annotated if no family relation between two persons can be inferred from the text. After annotation, the dataset was verified by an NLP expert for completeness and correctness. CustFRE contains in total 2,716 annotations. The dataset can be used by information extraction researchers as a benchmark for evaluating their systems, and can also be used for training and evaluating family relation extraction systems.

Impact of financial inclusion and human capital on environmental quality: evidence from emerging economies.

Emerging nations have recorded significant economic development over the last few decades, which has increased natural resources extraction and consumption. On account of rising development, the financial sectors of these nations are continuously expanding their services and products. These countries are also experiencing increasing environmental deterioration which requires raising the level of environmental awareness and seeking different mitigation options. Against this backdrop, this research studies the role of financial inclusion and human capital in the environmental quality of emerging nations. To do so, the panel data from 2004 to 2019 is collected and second-generation econometric methodologies are utilized to analyze the data. Controlling remittances, economic growth, and natural resources, the study revealed cointegration among variables. The results of the panel quantile regression indicated that financial inclusion improves the environmental quality of emerging countries as it is negatively connected with CO2. However, human capital in these nations adds to environmental deterioration. Likewise, natural resources and economic growth raise CO2, and therefore, reduce environmental quality. Apart from this, remittances are playing a critical role in reducing CO2. After this, the research utilized the Cup-FM and Cup-BC methods and noticed a similar association among variables. Lastly, policy implications of these findings are discussed.

Carbon neutrality: The role of banks in optimal environmental management strategies.

This study explores the ecological ambitions of banks by studying the coincidence of economic realities with environmental management strategies. We address this question by studying the environmental performance of US banks and its impact on their tail risk as US is not committed to carbon neutrality in COP 21. We proxy economic reality with tail risk of banks and employ a novel extreme value theory to measure this. We use Asset4 ESG data for environmental performance score and test our hypothesis with a sample of 256 US banks. The results indicate that the US banks are ecologically ambitious and their environmental strategies are likely to reduce their tail risk. This provides evidence that better environmental strategies do coincide with the economic realities. We test the consistency of our results by using alternate proxies for tail risk and find our results robust. Our results are also not driven by endogeneity concerns. Finally, our additional results show that the nature of relationship differs with corporate governance levels, CSR committee existence, institutional ownership presence and crisis period.

Assessment of quality of life with imatinib mesylate as first-line treatment in chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukemia.

Imatinib mesylate (IM) is a first-line treatment of chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML). The primary objective of this study was to assess the quality of life (QOL) in patients with CP-CML treated with IM. Ninety patients with newly diagnosed CP-CML were assessed for QOL with first-line IM. Patients completed the cancer-specific FACT-BRM questionnaire (functional assessment of cancer therapy-biologic response modifiers) at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. FACT-BRM consists of subscales including physical well-being (PWB), social and family well-being (SFWB), emotional well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), BRM-physical, and BRM-mental. The primary endpoint was the Trial Outcome Index (TOI), created as a measure of physical function and well-being. An increase of ≥5 from baseline was considered to be a clinically significant improvement. The mean TOI score increased from 75.5 at baseline to 85.2 (p<0.0001) at 6 months, representing a healthy QOL. When comparing the individual TOI subscales, there was a mean increase of 16.4 in the daily functioning and well-being score, and a mean decrease of 6.2, 4.9, and 16.1 was noted in fatigue, emotional/cognitive dysfunction, and side-effects scores at 6 months, respectively. Improvement was not affected by age, sex, or Sokal score. With prolonged treatment, IM results in a higher physical well-being, less fatigue and emotional and cognitive dysfunction, and very few side-effects.

Early cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis: experience at DHQ Hospital Abbottabad.

BACKGROUND: Cholelithiasis is a common disorder affecting the females more commonly. Most of the population carrying the gallstones remains asymptomatic, however biliary colic and acute cholecystitis is a common complication. Most surgeons agree that early cholecystectomy is safe and should be the procedure of choice in acute cholecystitis. Objective of this study was to determine the frequency of patients with acute cholecystitis, and morbidity and mortality in such cases. METHODS: A prospective study, conducted at DHQ Hospital Abbottabad, and Yahya Welfare Hospital, Haripur simultaneously on 162 patients having symptomatic gall stones. All patients were admitted on presentation and surgical intervention done within 72 hours on patients fit for surgery. Patients with cardiac problem, HCV positive, and with radiologic evidence of Common Bile Duct (CBD) stones were excluded. Ultrasonography abdomen was the main investigation. RESULTS: Postoperative complications, hospital stay and return to routine activities was evaluated. The postoperative complications were seroma formation in 3 cases (1.9%), liver trauma resulting in bleeding and prolonged hospital stay in 1 case (0.6%). In 1 patient stones slipped into CBD resulting in CBD exploration. CONCLUSIONS: Early cholecystectomy with upper right transverse incision and muscle retraction in acute cholecystitis is a safe, and cost effective procedure with fewer complications, better cosmesis and early return to work.

Survival of women with locally advanced breast cancer at a teaching hospital in Lahore.

OBJECTIVES: To correlate the clinical features of women presenting with locally advanced breast cancer with event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) and to evaluate the patterns of relapse. METHODS: A total of 200 patients presenting consecutively over 9 years with Stage III breast cancer were evaluated for age, socio-economic status (SES), tumour size and grade, number of involved lymph nodes, stage III sub-categories, estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status, treatment profiles and responses, and sites of relapse. EFS and OS at 5 and 10 years were calculated. RESULTS: Median age was 45 years. Poorly differentiated tumours were found in 127 patients, while 128 had larger tumours (T3 and T4). Eighty women had extensive nodal involvement (N2 and N3), and 86 had Stage IIIA tumours. Chemotherapy was given to 44 patients before surgery and one of these patients achieved pathological complete response. At 5 and 10 years, EFS was 25% and 7%, and OS was 52% and 31%, respectively. By Cox regression analysis, significant predictors of EFS included tumour size (95% CI 1.14-1.72), nodal involvement (95% CI 1.06-1.59) and ER/PR positive tumours (95% CI 1.08-2.29). Predictors of OS included nodal involvement (95% CI 0.98-3.3) and ER/PR positive tumours (95% CI 1.08-2.29). No patient in stage IIIC was alive at 10 years. Loco-regional disease was the most common site of relapse (28.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Locally advance breast cancer at our centre is associated with poor survival, and most patients relapsed by 5 years.

Lingual thyroid as a cause of snoring and sleep apnea.

Lingual thyroid is a rare developmental abnormality. We describe a case of lingual thyroid in a 28 years old female who presented with symptoms of heroic snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. She was treated with surgery and was advised a life long thyroid hormone replacement therapy.