Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) in Fars Province of Iran.

Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases shared between wildlife and domestic animals are continually spreading to new geographic locations, influenced by human activities and environmental change. Canine distemper (CD) is probably one of the best examples of a disease that has been proved to be capable of compromising the conservation of several wild carnivore species. In this article, we describe a case report of CD in a grey wolf (Canis lupus) in Iran. A grey wolf was found in Fars Province close to Bamou national park. Clinical signs were characterized by neurologic signs, muscle twitching, hyperkeratosis of the footpads and nose and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. After the death of the animal, samples were taken from different organs and sent to collaborator laboratory of Fars Provincial Office of Veterinary Organization. RT-PCR assays confirmed canine distemper virus in the grey wolf. This is the first documented report of canine distemper virus in wild species from Fars Province of Iran.

Reject analysis in digital radiography: A local study on radiographers and students' attitude in Iran.

Reject analysis is as a quality indicator and critical tool for dose and image quality optimization in radiology departments. By reducing image rejection rate (RR), radiation dose to patients can be reduced effectively, yielding increased total cost-effectiveness. The aims of this study were to assess the rate of image rejection at 2 direct digital radiography (DR) departments to find the sources of rejection and to observe how radiology students and radiographers deal with image rejection. Two radiology departments were surveyed during a 3-month period for all imaging procedures. Type of examination, numbers, and reasons for digital image rejection were obtained by systems and questionnaire. A predefined questionnaire, including 13 causes for rejection, was filled by radiographers and students. Out of the 14 022 acquired images, 1116 were rejected, yielding an overall RR of 8%. Highest RRs were found for examination of cervical spine and lumbosacral. Positioning errors and improper patient preparation were the main reasons for digital image rejection. The image RR was small, but there is a need for optimizing radiographic practice, and enhancing radiographer's knowledge may enhance the performance.