ABSTRACT
Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase characterizing antioxidant status of the nervous tissue and its resistance to free radical oxidation were measured in the brainstem of rats with hydroxybutyrate-induced pathological periodic breathing. Hydroxybutyrate modified the pro- and antioxidant status in the brainstem respiratory center. It markedly inhibited catalase activity; in rats without the signs of periodic breathing, hydroxybutyrate up-regulated superoxide dismutase activity and to a lesser extent increased the resistance of the membrane structures in the medulla oblongata to induction of free radical oxidation. In rats with periodic breathing pattern, hydroxybutyrate induced more pronounced increase in the sensitivity of membrane structures in the medulla oblongata to induction of free radical oxidation.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Catalase/metabolism , Dyspnea/metabolism , Hydroxybutyrates/pharmacology , Medulla Oblongata/metabolism , Organometallic Compounds/pharmacology , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Dyspnea/chemically induced , Dyspnea/physiopathology , Free Radicals/metabolism , Injections, Intravenous , Male , Medulla Oblongata/drug effects , Oxidation-Reduction , Rats , Respiratory Rate/drug effects , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
In anaesthetized white outbred male rats we investigated the change of respiratory mechanoreceptors sensitivity to morphine and phenibut. Bilateral transection of the vagus nerves causes a severely slowdown of respiratory rate in 30 minutes after the systemic administration of morphine, however after administration of phenibut the respiratory rate and other respiration parameters have not changed significantly. It means that the activation of opioid receptors by morphine does not significantly affect the function of the respiratory mechanoreceptor control loop, and transection of the vagus nerves on this background increases the probability of respiratory rhythm disorders. Activation of GABAergic system by phenibut significantly weakened the impact of the regulating contour of the respiratory mechanoreceptor on breathing parameters, up to effect of "central vagotomy": that is, to no changes in respiratory parameters after cutting the vagus nerves.
Subject(s)
Morphine/pharmacology , Receptors, GABA/metabolism , Receptors, Opioid/metabolism , Respiratory Mechanics/drug effects , Respiratory Rate/drug effects , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Male , Rats , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacologySubject(s)
Diving , Respiratory Therapy/instrumentation , Universities , Education, Continuing , Humans , Respiratory Therapy/methods , RussiaABSTRACT
Biological effects of ozone on the lipid peroxidation (LPO)--antioxidation system was studied in blood serum of patients with various forms of chronic bronchitis. Breathing ozone was shown to intensify LPO processes and lead to a more considerable deviation of the parameters of non-enzymatic but not enzymatic antioxidants in patients.
