[The use of immobilized heparin in perfusion systems with membrane oxygenation during heart surgery]. / Ispol'zovanie immobilizovannogo geparina v perfuzionnykh sistemakh s membrannoi oksigenatsiei pri kardiokhirurgicheskikh vmeshatel'stvakh.

The analysis of 65 cases of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery using systems distinct in the type of the oxygenator used (contact, membrane) and the degree of thromboresistance of blood-contacting surfaces has demonstrated that the use of heparin-covered membrane blood oxygenators and systems allows of a considerable reduction in blood trauma during perfusion and a 5-6-fold decrease of heparin doses employed for extracorporeal membrane blood oxygenation.

[Control of hypoxia using apneic oxygenation with extrapulmonary membrane elimination of CO2]. / Kupirovanie gipoksii metodom apnoicheskoi oksigenatsi s vnelegochnoi membrannoi éliminatsiei CO2.

The peculiarities and conditions of optimal gas exchange for arresting hypoxia during prolonged (3 hours) apnoea or bradypnoea were experimentally studied in 34 dogs, using the method of apnoea oxygenation and extrapulmonary membrane removal of CO2 on "Sever" membrane gas-exchanger. It was shown that successful arrest of severe ventilation disorders of respiration by this method depends on precise registration and skillful use of the factors influencing oxygenation and CO2 removal in membrane gas-exchanger connected with peripheral arteriovenous or venovenous shunts.

Results of a two-year study of humoral immunity to influenza A and B viruses in children under the age of 14 years in Moscow and its suburbs.

A serological survey of antibodies to influenza A(H1N1), A(H2N2), A(H3N2) and B viruses was done with sera collected in Moscow in October 1980 and November 1981 from 542 children under 14 years of age. The results of the study showed convincingly that influenza A(H2N2) viruses were not circulating in Moscow in 1980-81. Low titres found in the sera from four young children were due to cross-reactions which were eliminated from the sera by absorption with A/USSR/174/79(H3N2) virus. Low-level HI titres with A(H0N1) virus in 11 sera were not confirmed by single radial haemolysis (SRH).Serological data showed that A(H3N2) viruses were the main cause of acute respiratory disease in children in July-September 1980 and July-September 1981. These illnesses occurred at the end of the influenza A(H3N2) epidemic of 1979-80 in the third quarter of 1980. The influenza A(H3N2) virus circulated in Moscow during December 1981 and January 1982, but influenza did not reach epidemic levels. A low proportion (10%) of children with antibodies to influenza B virus at titres of 1:40 or higher in 1980 indicated the possibility of an epidemic due to this virus in Moscow in 1980-81. Such an epidemic did occur in December 1980 and January 1981.

[Use of the intra-aortic balloon pump in treating severe cardiac contusions (an experimental study)]. / Ispol'zovanie vnutriaortal'nogo nasosa-ballona v lechenii tiazhelykh ushibov serdtsa (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

In experiments on 20 dogs the authors studied haemodynamics and the myocardial contractility after severe contusion of the heart treated by counterpulsation with intraaortic balloon pump. The heart contusion leads rapidly to a marked decrease in the contractile function of the myocardium and to the development of the hypodynamic syndrome. If untreated, the trauma leads to ventricular fibrillation and death of animals 1-1 1/2 h after contusion. Counterpulsation started 30-45 min after trauma and lasting 1 1/2-2 1/2 h prevented ventricular fibrillation and improved the myocardial function.

[Plasma protein spectrum of dog blood during treatment of hypoxia with a Sever-OMR membrane oxygenator]. / Belkovyi spektr plazmy krovi sobak v usloviiakh lecheniia gipoksii s pomoshch'iu membrannogo oksigenatora "Sever-OMR".

A Sever-OMP membrane oxygenator (MO) was applied in experiments on 12 dogs to the treatment of a severe hypoventilation hypoxia (over 3 hours). The MO was connected to the arteriovenous shunt established on the femoral vessels. The blood plasma protein spectrum (BPPS) was determined electrophoretically before and after MO connection. BPPS of dogs is characterized by a number of specific features. No signs of blood plasma protein denaturation were found during operation of the Sever-OMP MO that ensures adequate conditions for body existence under hyperventilation. Studies on BPPS facilitate the appraisal of the MO and perfusion conditions.

[1 of the possible causes of an increase in acid hydrolase activity in homogenates of heart muscle following myocardial infarct]. / Odna iz vozmozhnykh prichin povysheniia aktivnosti kislykh gidrolaz v gomogenatakh serdechnoi myshtsy pri éksperimental'nom infarkte miokarda.

A "free" activity of acidic hydrolases (acidic phosphatase, acidic ribonuclease and cathepsin D) was increased in homogenates of dog heart muscle with simultaneous decrease of the enzymes activity in the fraction enriched by lysosomes, within 4-5 hrs after ligation of the descending ramus of sinister mitral artery. The adenylate cyclase activity and content of c-AMP were decreased as compared with unaffected part of myocardium. The data obtained suggest that the decrease of the c-AMP content in the impaired region caused a labilization of lysosomal membranes and the secretion of acidic hydrolases into cell cytoplasm.