ABSTRACT
In situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for several common HPV types were performed on 41 cases of vulvar dystrophy, 19 of which were associated with previous or simultaneous invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Three of the 19 cases (16%) of dystrophy associated with cancer were found to contain HPV-16/18 by PCR. In contrast, 12 of the 22 cases (55%) of dystrophy not associated with carcinoma contained HPV-16/18 by PCR (P < 0.01). A control group of 10 vulvar specimens without dystrophy or carcinoma was negative for all HPV types tested. ISH was negative for all HPV types in all 41 cases. The data confirm the association between vulvar carcinoma and hypertrophic/mixed dystrophy, and provide evidence for an association between HPV-16/18 and some cases of vulvar dystrophy. Cases of vulvar dystrophy not associated with HPV-16/18 may be at increased risk for the development of vulvar carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology , Papillomaviridae , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Tumor Virus Infections/complications , Vulva/pathology , Vulva/virology , Vulvar Neoplasms/virology , Blotting, Southern , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , DNA Probes , DNA, Viral/analysis , Electrophoresis , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Gene Expression Regulation, Viral , Humans , In Situ Hybridization , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Tumor Virus Infections/virology , Vulvar Diseases/complications , Vulvar Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
Lewis X, M344 and 19A211, all glycoprotein antigens associated with bladder tumors, were evaluated in urine cytologic specimens from 52 patients with transitional cell bladder neoplasms and from 12 controls. Forty-three of 52 patients had a tumor on a concurrent bladder biopsy, while 9 of 52 patients had a negative biopsy. Of the 43, 27 (62.8%) had positive or suspicious cytology, 35 (81.4%) had positive immunocytochemical reactions with at least one antibody, and 36 (83.7%) had either cytologic or immunocytochemical abnormalities. Of the 15 patients with a low grade tumor (papilloma or grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma), 14 (93.3%) had positive immunohistochemical findings, while 6 (40%) had recognizable abnormal cells on routine cytology. Of 28 patients with a high grade tumor, 21 (75%) had positive immunohistochemical findings, while 21 (75%) had abnormal cytology. Staining of rare epithelial cells was seen in 2 of 12 control cases (specificity, 83.3%). Immunocytochemistry with antibodies to tumor-associated antigens can enhance the cytologic detection of exfoliated low grade bladder epithelial tumor cells.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/analysis , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/diagnosis , Lewis X Antigen/analysis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antibodies, Neoplasm , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/urine , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Papilloma/diagnosis , Papilloma/urine , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/urineABSTRACT
We report a case of a 12-year-old boy with a large perianal condyloma. The lesion was found to contain both spirochetes (Warthin-Starry stain) and human papillomavirus types 6 or 11 (in situ hybridization). Because of persistent negative serologies for syphilis and lack of other clinical stigmata of syphilis, the lesion was diagnosed as condyloma acuminatum with secondary involvement by spirochetes of probable intestinal origin. The case demonstrates the potential histologic similarities between condyloma latum and condyloma acuminatum, as well as the pitfalls of using the Warthin-Starry stain to establish the diagnosis of secondary syphilis.
Subject(s)
Anus Diseases/microbiology , Anus Diseases/pathology , Anus Neoplasms/pathology , Condylomata Acuminata/pathology , Spirochaetales Infections/pathology , Syphilis/pathology , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
We report a 39-year-old man who had AIDS and who presented with an unusual cutaneous vascular lesion, which was clinically thought to be Kaposi's sarcoma. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by capillary proliferation and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate that included numerous histiocytes. The lesion was found to contain slender intracellular acid-fast bacilli, as well as plump extracellular Warthin-Starry-positive bacilli. The acid-fast bacilli were confirmed to be Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare by subsequent positive blood cultures for this organism. To further investigate the lesion, polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification and sequencing was performed, and the lesion was found to contain DNA sequences identical to those previously established for the agent of bacillary angiomatosis. The lesion is thought to represent a lesion of bacillary angiomatosis with secondary involvement by M. avium-intracellulare.
