ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of newly released medications such as Chlorhexidine (CHX) chip, Doxycycline hyclate (DH) chip, CHX gel, DH chip as adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis is important. 90 adult Indian patients with moderate chronic periodontitis were enlisted. It was observed that reduction in periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and increase in clinical attachment level (CAL) was seen in patients in CHX group as compared to DH treated study participants. It was observed that CHX and DH in gel form were more effective in improving periodontal health as compared to CHX and DH in chip form in this group of subjects.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Identification of sex from skeletal remains is an important tool in forensic science. Mandibular ramus can be used for sex determination either on dry mandible or through orthopantomogram (OPG). AIM: To determine the sex from mandibular ramus using digital OPG. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The morphometric analysis was conducted on mandibular ramus of 1000 digital OPG using Kodak Master View version 4.3 software. Statistical analysis was performed, and independent t-test and discriminant function were applied. RESULTS: The participants' age ranged from 21-60 years with an equal number of males and females. The mean dimensions of all parameters for ramus were higher in males and highly significant (P < 0.001). The total mean length of minimum and maximum ramus breadth was 27.44 ± 3.41 mm and 32.27 ± 3.40 mm, respectively. The maximum and projective ramus height was 71.78 ± 5.98 mm and 65.62 ± 6.19 mm, respectively. The coronoid height was 59.23 ± 6.08 mm. The correlation of gender with morphology of mandibular ramus was significant (P < 0.05). The overall accuracy for diagnosing sex was 69%, whereas for diagnosing male and female, the accuracy was 68% and 70%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Measurements of mandibular ramus using OPG are helpful in sex determination.
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Endodontic retreatment is performed in teeth with endodontic failures. The main goal of retreatment is cleaning and shaping of the root canal with removal of old root filling material. Hand instruments and rotary instruments are mainly used for removing this filling material. AIM OF STUDY: To compare the relative efficacy of three rotary instrumentation systems for removal of gutta-percha from root canal during endodontic retreatment. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY: To find out which NiTi system is more efficacious in retreatment and to check out the efficacy of retreatment with and without use of solvent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty freshly extracted, single-rooted human mandibular premolars were instrumented with K-files, and each root canal was filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus (Dentsply Detrey, Konstanz, Germany) sealer using lateral compaction. Specimens were then divided into three experimental groups with twenty specimens each. Groups were then subdivided into ten specimens each. Groups were then retreated either with or without solvent. The removal of gutta-percha was performed using ProTaper retreatment files, Mtwo retreatment files, and R-Endo files after 2 weeks. The amount of root canal filling material remnant in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds was measured using stereomicroscope and computer image analysis program. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data were evaluated statistically using analysis of variance. RESULTS: ProTaper group was found to have less remnant filling material as compared to the other groups in coronal and middle thirds, but a significant difference was observed between ProTaper and Mtwo and Mtwo and R-Endo in the nonsolvent groups (P < 0.05). Mtwo group demonstrated less amount of remaining filling material in the nonsolvent group. CONCLUSIONS: Both nickel-titanium systems and ProTaper and Mtwo retreatment file systems, were found to be effective in the removal of root canal filling material. However, complete removal of gutta-percha from root canals did not occur with any of the experimental groups.
ABSTRACT
Stafne's bone cavity is a rare, asymptomatic, unilateral oval shaped radiolucent defect in the posterior region of the mandible below the inferior alveolar canal. The prevalence ranges from 0.10% to 0.48% and more common in males. It is mostly an incidental finding on panoramic radiograph. This radiolucency is considered to be a deformity of the medial cortex. This article presents five rare cases of Stafne's bone cavity which were referred for opinion or wrongly diagnosed by practicing health professionals as jaw tumour leading to psychological distress in these patients. This article also focuses on reviewing the published literature, differential diagnosis along with use of various diagnostic imaging resources for this bone defect and to add five new Indian cases to the literature.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Soft palate is an important part of oro-naso-pharyngeal apparatus. The morphometric assessment of soft palate is well-performed on computed tomography (CT). AIM: To evaluate the morphology of soft palate in healthy individuals by using Computed tomography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 300 healthy voluntary participants who were subjected to CT scan (sagittal view) of head and neck region. The measurements of antero-posterior and supero-inferior length of soft palate were performed by using Syngo CT 2009E software. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS software version 16 and test applied were one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, chi-square and Karl Pearson's co-relation coefficient. RESULTS: The participant's age ranged from 18-80 years with mean of 39.51±14.64. The study had equal number of males (n=150) and females (n=150). Out of six shapes of soft palate, Butt type (38.7%) was the commonest. The morphology of soft palate in different age groups was statistically not significant (p>0.05). The total mean of antero-posterior length (30.31±3.39 mm) of soft palate was more than supero-inferior length (10.72±1.71 mm). The mean of antero-posterior length in males (30.69±3.42 mm) was more than females (29.92±3.32 mm); which was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean of supero-inferior length in males (10.67±1.78 mm) was less than females (10.78+1.64 mm), which was statistically not significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: CT scan is an important diagnostic aid for studying the accurate morphology of soft palate.
