ABSTRACT
Ulcer formation after pylorus ligation was assessed in control, testosterone treated and castrated male rats after cimetidine treatment. The stomach was studied for incidence of ulcers and its contents analysed for pH, volume, total acidity, free acidity, pepsin and mucin activity. Testosterone and cimetidine when used alone protected from ulceration while when used in combination the degree of protection was decreased. Castration per se ead no effect on ulcer index but potentiated cimetidine induced gastric ulcer protection.
Subject(s)
Cimetidine/pharmacology , Stomach Ulcer/physiopathology , Testosterone/pharmacology , Animals , Ligation , Male , Orchiectomy , Pylorus , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Pain threshold to mechanical stimulus was determined in 140 subjects comprising of healthy volunteers of both sexes and of different ages, females taking oral contraceptives and bilaterally oopherectomised females. Pain threshold was observed to be low in oopherectomised females, boys and girls and intermediate in healthy males. It was high in menstruating females aged 18-21 years. There was a marked fluctuation in pain threshold in menstruating females. It was low at menstrual phase. In females taking oral contraceptives it was high at pre and midmenstrual phases. In females not taking oral contraceptives it was low at pre-menstrual and high as midmenstrual phases.
PIP: Pain thresholds were assessed in 140 healthy men, women, women taking oral contraceptives, ovariectomized women and children of both sexes to examine the effect of sec hormones. The subjects were 25 women aged 18- 21 (students), 20 women aged 30-40, 25 women taking oral contraceptives, 20 ovariectomized women aged 20-40, 25 males aged 20-22 (medical students), 12 girls aged 8-13 and 13 boys aged 13. Pain threshold was measured by enclosing a serrated metal bottle cap under a blood pressure sphygmomanometer cuff on the forearm and increasing pressure stepwise by 4 mm Hg for 5 sec intervals, until the subject experienced pricking pain, repeating the test 3 times at 10 minute intervals, averaging 9 tests at 10 day intervals for 3 successive months. Pain threshold was low in ovariectomized women, boys and girls (73-81), intermediate in men (94), and high in cycling women (88.6-124). In menstruating women pain thresholds were highest in mid-menstrual phase, and in those on oral contraceptives pain thresholds were highest at pre- and mid-menstrual phases.
Subject(s)
Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology , Pain/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/pharmacology , Female , Gonadal Steroid Hormones/pharmacology , Humans , Male , Menstrual Cycle , Sensory Thresholds , Sex Factors , Testosterone/pharmacologySubject(s)
Aspirin/pharmacology , Pain Measurement/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Double-Blind Method , Drug Evaluation , Female , Humans , Sensory Thresholds/drug effectsABSTRACT
Pain threshold for thermal stimulus after morphine, naloxone alone and naloxone in combination with morphine was studied in male rats before and after three days treatment with testosterone. It was also determined 15 days after gonadectomy and administration of testosterone in such rats. There was significant reduction in morphine analgesia after administration of testosterone and also after gonadectomy. Naloxone increased the pain threshold in gonadectomised rats and it enhanced morphine induced analgesia instead of antagonising it. Naloxone, however, had no effect on morphine analgesia in testosterone treated control rats and gonadectomised rats.
Subject(s)
Morphine/pharmacology , Pain/physiopathology , Testosterone/pharmacology , Animals , Drug Interactions , Male , Naloxone/pharmacology , Orchiectomy , Rats , Sensory Thresholds/drug effectsABSTRACT
Pain threshold for thermal stimulus was studied in male albino rats before and after three days of treatment with testosterone. It was also determined 15 days after castration and three days after testosterone treatment of castrated rats. There was a significant reduction in pain threshold after testosterone treatment and a marked increase in pain threshold after castration. This increase disappeared after administration of testosterone to the castrated rats.
