Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Leukemic Infiltration/diagnosis , Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Meningitis, Viral/diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Brain/pathology , Brain Neoplasms/cerebrospinal fluid , Brain Neoplasms/etiology , Brain Neoplasms/physiopathology , Cranial Nerves/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Fatal Outcome , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/etiology , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/immunology , Humans , Male , Meningeal Neoplasms/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningeal Neoplasms/etiology , Meningeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Meninges/pathology , Middle Aged , Plasma Cells/pathologyABSTRACT
A national trend is focusing on expanding usage of environmentally friendly nitrogenous pesticides and herbicides. However, some of these chemicals are undetectable by any gas chromatographic method due to their thermal lability or nonvolatility. Using imidacloprid as a model compound, this laboratory has developed a simple, effective, and reliable liquid chromatography (LC) method to address the inherent difficulties of these chemicals. Focusing on nitro, nitrate, and/or nitrite chromophore groups and components contained in the chemical structure of most nitrogenous compounds, LC with diode array detector and a nitrogen-specific detector in tandem enabled determination and confirmation analyses in series. Furthermore, using 2 mixtures of solvents in conjunction with 2-stage solid-phase extraction cleanup on aminopropyl/Florisil cartridges to eliminate and/or minimize interferences resulting from free amino acids, peptides, proteins, pigments, and lipids in the plant tissues made the qualitative and quantitative analysis simple, fast, and cost effective. This method demonstrated the potential for becoming a viable analysis tool for many other types of nonvolatile nitrogenous chemicals.
Subject(s)
Fruit/chemistry , Imidazoles/analysis , Insecticides/analysis , Vegetables/chemistry , Chromatography, Liquid , Indicators and Reagents , Luminescent Measurements , Neonicotinoids , Nitro Compounds , Nitrogen , Solvents , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate whether a candidate gene, Sciellin (SCEL), mapping to the chromosome 13q21-q31 is mutated in esophageal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The coding region and intron-exon junctions of SCEL were sequenced in 13 esophageal squamous cell cancers and matching normal esophageal samples to detect mutations. RESULTS: Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in SCEL of which two were silent mutations (L640L and H654H) and one missense mutation (R366K). CONCLUSION: Single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in both matching tumor and normal esophageal tissues but no disease-associated mutations suggesting that SCEL is not a major factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis.
