ABSTRACT
Recently, mammography systems equipped with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) have become widely used in Japan. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to establish a quality control method for DBTs. So far, we have been studying acceptance tests for DBTs with reference to EUREF. In 2020, IEC 61223-3-6 was published, which provides not only acceptance tests but also constancy test methods. Therefore, we conducted data collection using DBTs sold in Japan and examined the feasibility of conducting constancy tests. Although there were some items that were difficult to implement in each device, we were able to confirm quality control items that could be implemented in many devices. In addition, we were able to confirm routine tests that enable rapid evaluation. Based on these results, we have developed a "Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Quality Control Manual". In this paper, we report an overview of the manual and the results of routine tests.
Subject(s)
Mammography , Data Collection , Japan , Quality ControlABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Work Functioning Impairment Scale (WFun), a questionnaire to detect workers with health problems which affect their work, using an assessment by an occupational health nurse as objective standard. METHODS: The WFun was completed by 294 employees. The nurse interviewed to assess 1) health problems; 2) effects of health on their work; necessity for 3) treatment, 4) health care instruction, and 5) consideration of job accommodation. RESULTS: The odds ratio in the high work functioning impairment group compared with the low was highly statistically significant with 9.05, 10.26, 5.77, 9.37, and 14.70, respectively. The WFun demonstrated the high detectability with an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.75, 0.81, 0.72, 0.79, and 0.83, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the WFun is useful in detecting those who have health problems affecting their work.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Health Status , Occupational Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Work Capacity Evaluation , Adult , Area Under Curve , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Health Nursing , Physical Examination , ROC Curve , Work PerformanceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 mediates stress-induced changes in colonic motor activity and emotion. We tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with JTC-017, a specific corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 antagonist, blocks colorectal distention-induced hippocampal noradrenaline release and visceral perception in rats. We also investigated whether pretreatment with JTC-017 blocks acute or chronic colorectal distention-induced adrenocorticotropic hormone release, anxiety, and stress-induced changes in colonic motility. METHODS: Rats were pretreated intrahippocampally with alpha-helical corticotropin-releasing hormone (1.25 microg/kg; vehicle), a nonspecific corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist, or intraperitoneally with JTC-017 (10 mg/kg). Hippocampal noradrenaline release after microdialysis and the frequency of abdominal contractions were measured in response to acute colorectal distention. Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, anxiety-related behavior, and stress-induced changes in colonic motility were evaluated after acute or chronic colorectal distention followed by exposure to an elevated plus maze. RESULTS: Administration of alpha-helical corticotropin-releasing hormone or JTC-017 significantly attenuated hippocampal noradrenaline release and reduced the frequency of abdominal contractions induced by acute distention. In addition, JTC-017 significantly reduced plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and anxiety after acute distention. After chronic distention, changes in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and anxiety were not significant because of habituation. In contrast, a significant increase in fecal pellet output during the elevated plus maze was observed after chronic distention. This increase in fecal pellet output was blocked by pretreatment with JTC-017. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that JTC-017, a specific corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 antagonist, attenuates hippocampal noradrenaline release, visceral perception, adrenocorticotropic hormone release, and anxiety after acute colorectal distention in rats. In addition, JTC-017 blocks stress-induced changes in colonic motility after chronic colorectal distention in rats.
Subject(s)
Benzamides/pharmacology , Colon/physiology , Gastrointestinal Motility/drug effects , Hippocampus/metabolism , Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors , Abdominal Muscles/physiology , Acute Disease , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism , Animals , Anxiety/physiopathology , Behavior, Animal , Benzamides/chemistry , Benzamides/metabolism , Binding, Competitive , Catheterization , Chronic Disease , Colon/innervation , Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism , Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology , Gastrointestinal Motility/physiology , Hormone Antagonists/metabolism , Hormone Antagonists/pharmacology , Male , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Norepinephrine/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism , Stress, Physiological/physiopathologyABSTRACT
We tested our hypothesis that noradrenaline is released in the hippocampus by colorectal distention of rats, and that it induces pain-related behavior. Noradrenaline levels with colorectal distention were significantly higher than those with restraint stress and free moving. Abdominal contractions were induced only by colorectal distention. Our results suggest that noradrenaline levels increase in the hippocampus under colorectal distention and this may relate to behavioral changes.
