ABSTRACT
Many automotive materials, such as catalysts and fuel cell materials, undergo significant changes in structure or properties when subjected to temperature change or the addition of a gas. For this reason, in the development of these materials, it is important to study the behavior of the material under controlled temperatures and gaseous atmospheres. Recently, a new environmental transmission electron microscope (TEM) has been developed for observation with a high resolution at high temperatures and under gaseous atmospheres, thus making it possible to analyze reaction processes in details. Also, the new TEM provides a high degree of reproducibility of observation conditions, thus making it possible to compare and validate observation of various specimens under a given set of conditions. Furthermore, easiness of gas condition and temperature control can provide a powerful tool for the studying of the mechanism of material change, such as oxidation and reduction reactions.
Subject(s)
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/instrumentationABSTRACT
A 73-year-old man presented with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and a variety of hematological and immunological abnormalities. The bone marrow was replaced by polymorphic cellular infiltrates containing aggregates of CD10(+) T-cells. Circulating lymphoplasmacytic/immunoblastic cells showed an early plasma cell immunophenotype on flow cytometric analysis. Combination of these observations indicated that the underlying disorder of this patient was angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL); postmortem pathology was consistent with progression of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Even in the absence of definitive lymph node biopsy, the appearance of the bone marrow and the peripheral blood can lead to the diagnosis of AITL.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/pathology , Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy/pathology , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology , Plasma Cells/pathology , Aged , Autopsy , Biopsy, Needle , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Progression , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy/diagnosis , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/diagnosis , Male , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
We report here the case of a 63-year-old man who had a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). The lymphoma involved the spleen, bilateral adrenal glands, and paraaortic lymph nodes of the abdomen. In both the bone marrow and lymph nodes, hemophagocytosis was evident, and the laboratory findings were consistent with HPS. The lymphoma cells showed a CD4+, CD5+, CD10-, CD19+, CD20+, CD25+ and surface immunoglobulin microalpha/kappa+ immunophenotype. The patient was unintentionally treated with rituximab alone, resulting in complete resolution of the lymphomatous lesions as well as the features of HPS in response to the initial two doses of rituximab, although he developed gastric hemorrhage requiring vigorous resuscitation. After the completion of eight doses of rituximab, the patient remains free of disease with an excellent performance status.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/complications , Lymphoma, B-Cell/complications , Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy , Abdominal Neoplasms/complications , Abdominal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/complications , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Middle Aged , Rituximab , Splenic Neoplasms/complications , Splenic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Transcription Factor CHOP/therapeutic useABSTRACT
We describe an 89-year-old woman who presented with prominent plasmacytosis mimicking plasma cell leukemia. The apparent serum M-protein level of > 7 g/dL of gamma mobility was revealed to be a polyclonal increase of immunoglobulins. The plasma cells in the peripheral blood expressed polyclonal surface/cytoplasmic immunoglobulins as well as CD19, CD30, CD38, and CD138 antigens but lacked CD10, CD20, CD25, and CD56. The bone marrow plasma cells showed the CD45+, CD19+, CD56-, MPC-1(-/+), and CD49e- immunophenotype, which was in clear contrast with the immunophenotypes of the neoplastic myeloma cells. Abdominal lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and a high level of soluble interleukin 2 receptor may have been reflections of an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder, potentially leading to the polyclonal proliferation of plasma cells.
Subject(s)
Hypergammaglobulinemia/immunology , Hypergammaglobulinemia/pathology , Plasma Cells/cytology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cell Division/immunology , Fatal Outcome , Female , HumansABSTRACT
A considerable number of postnatally-viable microphthalmic offspring with optic nerves completely absent were obtained by X-irradiation at a dose of 100 R in pregnant rats on gestational day 10.5. Thirteen of 15 mi-crophthalmic eyes examined displayed histological features characteristic of aplasia of the optic nerve: complete absence of optic papilla, nerve fiber layer and retinal blood vessels, and great reduction in the number of ganglion cells. The remaining 2 eyes showed the histological features of hypoplasia of the optic nerve. The present experimental system may afford suitable materials for postnatal patho-genetic studies and also for various physiological and behavioral studies of aplasia of the optic nerve.
