ABSTRACT
We studied the effect of blue light (440-490 nm) on the development of late blastocysts of mice carrying the gene of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Exposure to blue light for 20 min reduced adhesive properties of blastocysts and their capacity to form primary colonies consisting of the cells of inner cell mass, trophoblast, and extraembryonic endoderm. The negative effects of blue light manifested in morphological changes in the primary colonies and impairment of differentiation and migration of cells of the trophoblast and extraembryonic endoderm. The problems of cell-cell interaction and inductive influences of the inner cell mass on other cell subpopulations are discussed. EGFP blastocysts were proposed as the model for evaluation of the mechanisms underlying the effects of blue light as the major negative factor of visible light used in in vitro experiments on mammalian embryos.
Subject(s)
Blastocyst Inner Cell Mass/radiation effects , Endoderm/radiation effects , Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics , Trophoblasts/radiation effects , Animals , Blastocyst Inner Cell Mass/cytology , Blastocyst Inner Cell Mass/metabolism , Cell Differentiation/radiation effects , Cell Movement/radiation effects , Cells, Cultured , Embryo, Mammalian , Endoderm/cytology , Endoderm/metabolism , Female , Gene Expression , Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism , Light/adverse effects , Mice , Mice, Transgenic , Trophoblasts/cytology , Trophoblasts/metabolismABSTRACT
Clinical placebo-controlled study of Enerlit-Clima (bioactive succinate-based food additive) a showed positive effect of the preparation on general clinical and psychoemotional manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. A trend to an increase in estradiol level in early pathological climacteric and normalization of the endometrial status were observed.
