[Control ability to coordination pattern of masticatory muscle activities during maximal clenching in centric occlusal position].

The control ability which changes the coordination pattern of masticatory muscles in the Maximal voluntary clenching was investigated in the correlativity, using the electromyogram and the Dental-Prescale system on ten normal subjects. Even the insignificant correlative Activity index to the balancing point of occlusal force was shown, though the anteroposterior control index (CA/P) marked slightly correlative to the deviation of balancing point, when the coordination pattern of the masticatory muscles was controlled in conscious. Asymmetry index also marked insignificant correlation to the balancing point of occlusal force, but lateral control index (CLat) was significantly correlated under conscious deviation of balancing point. Conclusions were as follows: 1. The balancing point of occlusal force was located at maxillo first molar anteroposteriorly and near the median line laterally. 2. The coordination pattern consisted of nearly equal electromyographic activities during maximal clenching in the masseter and tempolaris anterior muscles in present subjects without the third molar. 3. The diagnosing in coordination pattern of masticatory muscles only using prescale system is difficult. But this system is reliable to estimate the control ability of the muscle coordination pattern. From these result, one of the suggestion in central mechanism of masticatory muscles were undertaken in program of the central nerve system.

[Study on relationship between anterior components of lateral occlusion and muscle activity. Part 1. Anterior components of lateral occlusion].

a) Angle of frontal and horizontal inclination b) position c) numbers and d) area of the contact points at several lateral occlusions which have different distances from the intercuspal position (ICP) were examined on 12 normal subjects to suggest the normal form of lateral occlusion. Each lateral contact point was different due to the LED jaw tracing device with which the angle was measured, and the position, numbers and the area were measured using black silicon methods. The results were as follows: 1. On the angle of frontal inclination, 70% of the subjects showed 25-45 degrees, and especially at the canine's edge to the edge lateral position (EDGE position), C.P. group and G.F. group had significantly different frontal angles. The angle of horizontal inclination had a negative correlation to the frontal inclination, 70% of the subjects showed 20-35 degrees for this angle. 2. The angle of frontal and horizontal inclination was not affected by the balancing contacts. 3. At a 2 mm lateral position from the ICP, the correlation between the angle of frontal inclination with the numbers and area of lateral occlusal contact was more negative than that at another lateral position.

[Currently used orthodontic alloys. Review (1)]. / Ligas ortodônticas correntemente em uso. Revisão (Parte I).

A review of currently used alloys in orthodontic is presented in this first part of two articles, The mechanical properties of clinical relevance of various orthodontic wires is described. The alloys considered are Stainless Steel, Cobalt Chromium, Nickel Titanium and Beta Titanium.

[Currently used orthodontic alloys. Review (2)]. / Ligas ortodônticas correntemente em uso. Revisão (Parte II).

The principle of selection of orthodontic wires are described in light of their unique material properties. Emphasis is placed on the Variable Modulus Concept.

Starvation and germ tube formation in the exponential phase Candida albicans.

Two chemically defined media were developed for the induction of germ tubes in exponential phase cells of Candida albicans. One medium was N-acetyl-D-glucosamine medium which is composed of L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, L-proline, NaHCO3, sodium acetate, NaH2PO4 and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The other one was glucose medium in which N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is exchanged for glucose plus NH4Cl in N-acetyl-D-glucosamine medium. In these media, a high percentage of germ tube forming cells was obtained without a temperature shift. However, starvation of the cells in water at 37 degrees C was a necessary pretreatment to consistently obtain a high percentage of germ tube forming cells. The effect of starvation was remarkable in glucose medium, the percentages of germ tube forming cells among the normal cells and starved cells were 20 and 80, respectively. As for intracellular changes during starvation, a decrease in adenosine triphosphate concentration and an increase in adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate concentration were observed.