ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the postnatal risk factors associated with hearing loss as well as the prevalence of hearing loss among high-risk preterm infants in newborn hearing screening (NHS). We performed a retrospective study of high-risk preterm infants born with a gestational age ≤32 weeks and/or a birth weight ≤1,500 g. A NHS procedure was performed by automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) and automated evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE). Infants who failed TEOAE or AABR or both tests were referred to a tertiary audiology center for diagnosis confirmation and management. Postnatal risk factors associated with hearing loss were evaluated and compared for preterm infants with and without hearing loss. 1,360 high-risk preterm infants were assessed. Permanent hearing loss was found in 19 (1.4%) infants. Multivariate analysis revealed that proven sepsis (p = 0.019), mechanical ventilation ≥5 days (p = 0.024), loop diuretics (p = 0.001), patent ductus arteriosus ligation (p = 0.018) and operation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (p = 0.034) were significant related factors for the hearing loss. This study showed a low prevalence of hearing loss and an association between operation for ROP and hearing loss in preterm infants, which has not been defined previously. Our results suggest that every neonatal intensive care unit should determine their own risk factors and take precautions to prevent hearing loss for these high-risk preterm infants.
Subject(s)
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous , Cohort Studies , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/epidemiology , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/surgery , Female , Gestational Age , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Male , Neonatal Screening , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Retinopathy of Prematurity/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sepsis/epidemiology , Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Tertiary Care Centers , Turkey/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the neurodevelopmental outcome at 12-18 months' corrected age between multiples and singleton preterm infants. METHODS: We designed a prospective study of preterm infants (≤32 weeks gestation) born and hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit between November 2008 and November 2009, whose assessments were performed at 12-18 months' corrected age. Neurodevelopmental impairment was defined as the presence of any one of the following: moderate or severe cerebral palsy, severe bilateral hearing loss or bilateral blindness, mental developmental index score, or psychomotor developmental index score less than 70. Results were compared for both multiples and singleton infants. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-nine multiples and 211 singleton infants were assessed at 12-18 months' corrected age. The neurodevelopmental outcome including all parameters at 12-18 months' corrected age in multiples was not significantly different from singleton preterm infants. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple gestation in preterm infants is not associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment at 12-18 months' corrected age compared with singleton preterm infants. For further information, long term and high participation in neurodevelopmental follow-up and evaluation at pre-school age will be needed.
Subject(s)
Child Development , Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology , Diseases in Twins/epidemiology , Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Male , Turkey/epidemiology , Twins/geneticsABSTRACT
In this cohort study, neurodevelopmental outcome of 20 of 24 surviving very low birth weight infants with sepsis followed up between 2008 and 2009 was compared with 20 control (uninfected infants). We found that plasma interleukin 6 and C reactive protein values were negatively correlated with mental developmental index scores (r = - 0.33, P = 0.03 and r = - 0.40, P = 0.01, respectively) at 18 to 24 months' corrected age. The results of this study indicate that sepsis experienced in the neonatal period seems to be related to low mental developmental index scores at 18 to 24 months' corrected age.
Subject(s)
Child Development , Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Sepsis/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Developmental Disabilities/blood , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/blood , Male , Premature Birth , Psychomotor Performance , Sepsis/bloodABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To perform neurodevelopmental evaluation at 18 to 24 months corrected age in very low birth infants (VLBW) with transient hypothyroxinemia. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Maternity teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Premature infants who were previously evaluated for thyroid hormone values in the first weeks of life were included. INTERVENTION: Data of these infants who weighed <1500 g and <32 weeks of gestation were retrieved for the current study. Available subjects (n=56) were evaluated for neurodevelopmental status at 18 to 24 months of corrected age. Bayley Scales of Infant Development Second Edition (BSID II) was performed to define Mental developmental index (MDI) and Psychomotor developmental index (PDI). RESULTS: The mean MDI and PDI scores were similar between the infants with and without transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) [79.9 ± 14.9 vs 70 ± 20.7, respectively (P=0.54); and 92.2 ± 16.4 vs 85.6 ± 18.9, respectively (P=0.68)]. After adjustment for gestational age and multiple prenatal, perinatal, and early and late neonatal variables, THOP was not associated with an increased risk of disabling cerebral palsy, or a reduction of MDI and PDI scores. CONCLUSIONS: THOP may not be an important cause of problems in neurologic and mental development detected at the age of 18 to 24 months corrected age.
