Correction to: A loss of consciousness in a teenage girl with anorexia nervosa, due to polydipsia: case report and a minireview.

AN was the most frequent cause of hospitalization within all ED and suicide attempt-related hospitalizations were most common among patients with AN [9].

[Vomiting as a symptom of epilepsy. Panayitopoulos Syndrome - review of the literature and own experience].

Vomiting is a common sign of illness in the pediatric population. Its etiology is diversified, ranging from mild functional disorders to severe life-threatening systemic diseases. Vomiting most often occurs in the course of gastrointestinal tract diseases, however, it may also coexist with numerous other ailments located outside the GI tract. Due to its diverse etiology encompassing various systems and organs, it can sometimes cause diagnostic difficulties. The present paper illustrates a case of Panayiotopoulos syndrome, which is an early-onset childhood occipital epilepsy (EOCOE). Characteristic of this syndrome are seizures with symptoms originating from the autonomic nervous system or the occurrence of vegetative status epilepticus. The dominant signs and symptoms are vomiting and nausea, which in the first place most frequently suggest inflammation of the stomach or intestines, migraine, or a proliferative process in the central nervous system. Rarely is the possibility of vomiting taken into account as an element of epileptic seizure in the differential diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the difficulty in defining the precise cause of recurrent vomiting. Many times, despite collecting a detailed medical history and extensive physical examination, it is only observation-based diagnosis that allows the doctor to make a final evaluation.

Correction to: A loss of consciousness in a teenage girl with anorexia nervosa, due to polydipsia: case report and a minireview.

The original article can be found online.

A loss of consciousness in a teenage girl with anorexia nervosa, due to polydipsia: case report and a minireview.

PURPOSE: Anorexia nervosa is a chronic disease which may result in various complications. In pediatric clinical practice, it is common to observe complications related to progressive cachexia caused by malnutrition; however, cases of severe complications, like electrolyte disorders, which represent a direct threat to life, due to polydipsia, are rarely observed. The purpose of this study is to highlight that excessive drinking is of primary importance in anorexia nervosa patients, as it can result in severe medical complications, including increased risk of death. METHODS: We report the case of a 13-year-old girl with anorexia nervosa, who was referred to hospital with seizures, disorders of consciousness, and cardiorespiratory failure. RESULTS: The unstable condition of the patient was attributed to hyponatremia (119 mmol/l), decreased serum osmolality (248 mmol/kg), and decreased urine osmolality (95 mmol/kg) caused by polydipsia (water intoxication) and persistent vomiting. The presented girl was drinking large amounts of water prior to a weigh-in to falsify her low body weight. CONCLUSIONS: Polydipsia is a common problem reported by patients with eating disorders, but one which rarely leads to serious clinical complications, due to severe hyponatremia. This case underscores the importance of careful evaluation of fluid intake and the need for regular monitoring of serum electrolytes in patients with anorexia nervosa. All clinicians treating patients with such disease, as well as the parents of sick children, should be familiar with this life-threatening condition. LEVEL IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series with or without the intervention, such as case studies.