Parental beliefs, attitudes, and practices on nutrition and children feeding: implications to preventive measures on children's obesity in Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE: Parents have a profound influence on their children's dietary habits. Parents' perspectives, attitudes, and behaviors regarding feeding their children a nutritious diet can have a significant impact on their children's health. The objective of this study was to examine the attitudes, beliefs, and feeding practices of parents in relation to nutrition for their children and to determine how these factors influence strategies for preventing obesity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 446 Saudi mothers with children aged 2-12 years were recruited for this study. The Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) was administered to mothers via an instant messaging application. RESULTS: Mothers' age showed a significant difference in perceived responsibility (p < 0.004), perceived parental weight (p = 0.000), perceived child's weight (p = 0.000), and concern about the child's weight (p = 0.000). Mothers with postgraduate degrees exhibited a significant difference in perceived child weight (p < 0.003); occupational status showed a significant difference in perceived parental weight (p < 0.004), perceived child weight (p < 0.001), and residence, particularly in Riyadh, which showed a significant difference in perceived parental weight (p < 0.026). There were also significant differences in body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.000) and perceived parental weight in relation to the mother's age. Mothers' age was significantly related to food restrictions (p = 0.000), pressure to eat (p = 0.000), and monitoring (p < 0.009). Mothers with only one child displayed significance in relation to pressure to eat (p < 0.019), while government-employee mothers showed a significant relationship with food restrictions (p < 0.005). There was a noteworthy association between the age of the mothers and perceived responsibility (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.22), residence (p = 0.000), and the mother's BMI (p = 0.000) with perceived parental weight. Finally, occupation (p < 0.006) was found to significantly influence food restriction, while the mother's age was significantly related to the pressure to eat (p < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Parental attitudes, practices, and beliefs regarding child feeding were strongly associated with maternal age, occupation, and BMI. Targeted interventions should be developed to assist mothers exhibiting these characteristics in establishing healthier and more effective feeding routines for their children. For example, interventions could be designed to educate parents on the latest findings regarding child-feeding habits and help them develop a greater sense of responsibility for their children's nutrition.

Properties of modified chitosan-based films and coatings and their application in the preservation of edible mushrooms: A review.

Edible mushrooms are prone to deteriorate during storage. A Single chitosan film or coating has limitations in preservation. Therefore, this article focused on the improvement of modified chitosan-based films and coatings on properties related to storage quality of edible mushrooms (e.g.: safety, barrier, mechanical, antioxidant and antibacterial properties). Besides, the application of chitosan-based materials in the preservation of mushrooms was also discussed. The modified chitosan film and coating can slow down the respiration of mushrooms, inhibit the growth of microorganisms, protect antioxidant compositions, and regulate the activity of related enzymes, thus improving the quality and prolonging the shelf life of mushrooms. Meanwhile, the added ingredients improve the water and gas barrier properties of chitosan through volume and group occupation, and reduce the light transmittance of chitosan through light transmission, scattering and absorption. Essential oils and polyphenolic compounds had a better enhancement of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of chitosan.

Social, ethical, environmental, economic and technological aspects of rabbit meat production - A critical review.

Rabbit (RM) has become a valuable source of nutrients since the 1970s, helping to transform the European food industry into the largest RM producer in the world. However, the RM industry is experiencing a critical period of ethical imbalance. This trend, described as feed conversion ratio, impacts the environmental and financial performance of RM farms, which could lead to an increase production of industrial waste. In addition, the loss of corporate ethical responsibility and sustainable development by RM-oriented companies has further exacerbated the situation. Our objective was to summarize current trends in the RM industry and markets, highlighting possible strengths and weaknesses. This review shows current approaches in sustainable techniques in RM production processes, ethical issue, environmental and processing responsibility of RM producers, as well as social responsibilities and ethical practices of slaughterhouses and RM producers, sustainable environmental practices of slaughterhouses, technological aspects and safety of RM and social drivers in RM market. The analysis of reviewed literature revealed the potential strategies for sustainable RM production.

Quality and antioxidant potential of goat's milk paneer prepared from different citrus juices and its whey.

The experiments reported in this research paper aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics, microbial quality and antioxidant potential of goat's milk paneer during storage (0-12 d, 4 ± 1°C). The juices from five different citrus fruits were used as coagulant (treatments) to make goat's milk paneer. The pH of all paneer samples decreased during storage whereas titratable acidity increased. Ash (%) fat (%) and protein (%) of paneer increased slightly during storage, whereas sensory perception decreased. The juices from all the citrus fruit varieties showed high contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids which ultimately influenced ferric reducing antioxidant power, total antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging activities. As the contents of different juices were also retained in the paneer matrix, so paneer coagulated with citrus juices also showed encouraging results in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, ferric reducing antioxidant power and radical scavenging activities. Amongst all the paneers, the most promising was that coagulated by kinnow juice. In addition, the whey obtained from paneer coagulated by citrus juices also showed appreciable quantities of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, thereby beneficially influencing ferric reducing antioxidant power andradical scavenging activities. It is concluded that citrus juices improve the sensorial quality and antioxidant potential of goat's milk paneer and its whey.

Weight Changes in Breast Cancer Survivors in a Nigerian Hospital: Pattern and Correlates.

BACKGROUND: One of the recognized issues faced by cancer survivors is increasing weight. Weight gain has been associated with an increased death rate in cancer survivors. Research on weight gain among breast cancer survivors (BCS) is scarce in Nigeria. AIM: To assess the weight changes and its associated factors in breast cancer survivors (BCS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 98 breast cancer survivors attending the Radiation Oncology clinic were recruited. Sociodemographic variables, treatment history, weight at presentation, and present weight were obtained. Patients were then categorized into three groups: weight gain (>5% increase), stable weight (-5 to 5% change), or weight loss (>5% decrease). RESULT: The present mean weight and BMI were significantly higher than at presentation (75.14±17.59 kg vs 76.88±17.42 kg, p=< 0.0001) and (28.74 ± 6.30 vs 29.42 ±6.20, < 0.0001) respectively. Only 28 (29.6%) gained weight, 65 (66.3%) maintained stable weight while 5 (5.1%) lost weight. On univariate analysis, older age, living with partners, presence of comorbidity, year of last chemotherapy less than one year, and hormonal therapy use were associated with weight gain. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of comorbidities, patients receiving the last chemotherapy less than a year from the time of recruitment, and hormonal therapy were independently associated with weight gain. CONCLUSION: About a quarter of BCS gained weight. Older age, presence of comorbidity, year of last chemotherapy less than one year, and hormonal therapy use were associated with weight gain. The weight of cancer survivors should be monitored regularly during follow-up visits.

CONTEXTE: L'une des problématiques reconnues rencontrées par les survivantes du cancer est la prise de poids croissante. La prise de poids a été associée à un taux de mortalité accru chez les survivantes du cancer. La recherche sur la prise de poids parmi les survivantes du cancer du sein (SCS) est rare au Nigeria. OBJECTIF: Évaluer les changements de poids et leurs facteurs associés chez les survivantes du cancer du sein (SCS). MATÉRIAUX ET MÉTHODES: Au total, 98 survivantes du cancer du sein fréquentant la clinique d'oncologie radiationnelle ont été recrutées. Les variables sociodémographiques, l'historique des traitements, le poids à la présentation et le poids actuel ont été obtenus. Les patients ont ensuite été répartis en trois groupes : prise de poids (augmentation >5 %), poids stable (changement de -5 à 5 %) ou perte de poids (diminution >5 %). RÉSULTAT: La moyenne actuelle du poids et de l'IMC étaient significativement plus élevés qu'à la présentation (75,14 ± 17,59 kg contre 76,88 ± 17,42 kg, p < 0,0001) et (28,74 ± 6,30 contre 29,42 ± 6,20, p < 0,0001) respectivement. Seuls 28 (29,57%) ont pris du poids, 65 (66,3%) ont maintenu un poids stable tandis que 5 (5,1%) ont perdu du poids. À l'analyse univariée, l'âge plus avancé, la cohabitation avec un partenaire, la présence de comorbidité, l'année de la dernière chimiothérapie de moins d'un an et l'utilisation de thérapie hormonale étaient associées à une prise de poids. L'analyse multivariée a révélé que la présence de comorbidités, les patientes ayant reçu la dernière chimiothérapie moins d'un an avant le recrutement et la thérapie hormonale étaient indépendamment associées à une prise de poids. CONCLUSION: Environ un quart des survivantes du cancer du sein ont pris du poids. Le poids supplémentaire était associé à un âge plus avancé, à la présence de comorbidités, à la réception de la dernière chimiothérapie moins d'un an auparavant et à l'utilisation d'une thérapie hormonale. Il est donc recommandé de surveiller régulièrement le poids des survivantes du cancer lors des visites de suivi. Cela permettrait d'identifier les changements de poids précocement et de mettre en place des interventions appropriées pour prévenir une prise de poids excessive et ses conséquences néfastes sur la santé des survivantes du cancer. MOTS CLÉS: Changements de poids, Survivantes du cancer du sein, Corrélations.

Patterns of Perioperative Hormone Therapy for Gender-Affirming Surgery.

INTRODUCTION: There is no consensus regarding perioperative hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for gender-affirming surgery (GAS). Common concerns for continuing perioperative HRT included risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or hematoma. However, discontinuing HRT is not risk free and may cause mood swing or increased anxiety. Our study aimed to investigate current patterns of HRT before GAS worldwide. METHODS: The first stage of Delphi technique was implemented by sending a 27-item survey to all surgeons (total n = 150; 94 plastic surgeon, 35 urologist, and 21 gynecologists) of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health who perform GAS. Survey themes included the hormone type, duration, and usage of DVT prophylaxis. RESULTS: Overall survey response rate was 34% (total n = 51; 8 urologists, 35 plastic surgeons, and 8 gynecologists). The majority of surgeons are US-based (n = 39, 76%). The most common HRTs are in injection form (n = 28, 55%). The majority of surgeons do not stop HRT before GAS and do provide DVT prophylaxis to all patients <1 week after GAS. The most common procedure that surgeons discontinue HRT is feminizing bottom surgery (43%). For surgeons who discontinue HRT before GAS, there is a wide variation on discontinuation schedule. CONCLUSIONS: There is considerable variation in perioperative HRT patterns for GAS. Further research is needed to develop a data-driven consensus guideline to provide high quality of care for transgender and nonbinary patients.

Leukemic stem cells activate lineage inappropriate signalling pathways to promote their growth.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is caused by multiple mutations which dysregulate growth and differentiation of myeloid cells. Cells adopt different gene regulatory networks specific to individual mutations, maintaining a rapidly proliferating blast cell population with fatal consequences for the patient if not treated. The most common treatment option is still chemotherapy which targets such cells. However, patients harbour a population of quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSCs) which can emerge from quiescence to trigger relapse after therapy. The processes that allow such cells to re-grow remain unknown. Here, we examine the well characterised t(8;21) AML sub-type as a model to address this question. Using four primary AML samples and a novel t(8;21) patient-derived xenograft model, we show that t(8;21) LSCs aberrantly activate the VEGF and IL-5 signalling pathways. Both pathways operate within a regulatory circuit consisting of the driver oncoprotein RUNX1::ETO and an AP-1/GATA2 axis allowing LSCs to re-enter the cell cycle while preserving self-renewal capacity.

Gene regulatory network analysis predicts cooperating transcription factor regulons required for FLT3-ITD+ AML growth.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease caused by different mutations. Previously, we showed that each mutational subtype develops its specific gene regulatory network (GRN) with transcription factors interacting within multiple gene modules, many of which are transcription factor genes themselves. Here, we hypothesize that highly connected nodes within such networks comprise crucial regulators of AML maintenance. We test this hypothesis using FLT3-ITD-mutated AML as a model and conduct an shRNA drop-out screen informed by this analysis. We show that AML-specific GRNs predict crucial regulatory modules required for AML growth. Furthermore, our work shows that all modules are highly connected and regulate each other. The careful multi-omic analysis of the role of one (RUNX1) module by shRNA and chemical inhibition shows that this transcription factor and its target genes stabilize the GRN of FLT3-ITD+ AML and that its removal leads to GRN collapse and cell death.

The Effect of Plasma-Activated Water Combined with Rosemary Extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on the Physicochemical Properties of Frankfurter Sausage during Storage.

This study investigated the impact of plasma-activated water (PAW) and rosemary extract on the bacterial inactivation and quality attributes of Frankfurter sausages during a 6-day storage period. The antibacterial activity, total phenol content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the rosemary extract were evaluated. The TPC of the rosemary extract was 89.45 mg gallic acid/g dry weight, while the TFC was 102.3 mg QE/g dry weight. Even at low concentrations, the rosemary extract effectively inhibited the growth of all the tested pathogens using the Well Diffusion Agar method (WDA). The sausages were treated with different concentrations of PAW and rosemary extract and stored for 1 and 6 days. Sample B (100% rosemary extract + PAW treatment) showed the greatest reduction in microbial load and was selected for further analysis. Throughout the storage period, Sample B exhibited no significant changes in pH, moisture content, textural parameters, or sensory evaluation compared to the control group. However, the hardness and color parameters (L*, a*) of Sample B decreased, while the TBARS value increased after 6 days of storage. The combination of PAW and rosemary extract, particularly Sample B, effectively inhibited bacterial growth in the Frankfurter sausages without compromising most quality attributes. Some changes in hardness, color, and lipid oxidation were observed over the extended storage period.

Transcriptional reprogramming by mutated IRF4 in lymphoma.

Disease-causing mutations in genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) can affect TF interactions with their cognate DNA-binding motifs. Whether and how TF mutations impact upon the binding to TF composite elements (CE) and the interaction with other TFs is unclear. Here, we report a distinct mechanism of TF alteration in human lymphomas with perturbed B cell identity, in particular classic Hodgkin lymphoma. It is caused by a recurrent somatic missense mutation c.295 T > C (p.Cys99Arg; p.C99R) targeting the center of the DNA-binding domain of Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4), a key TF in immune cells. IRF4-C99R fundamentally alters IRF4 DNA-binding, with loss-of-binding to canonical IRF motifs and neomorphic gain-of-binding to canonical and non-canonical IRF CEs. IRF4-C99R thoroughly modifies IRF4 function by blocking IRF4-dependent plasma cell induction, and up-regulates disease-specific genes in a non-canonical Activator Protein-1 (AP-1)-IRF-CE (AICE)-dependent manner. Our data explain how a single mutation causes a complex switch of TF specificity and gene regulation and open the perspective to specifically block the neomorphic DNA-binding activities of a mutant TF.

Regulation of Tumor Apoptosis of Poriae cutis-Derived Lanostane Triterpenes by AKT/PI3K and MAPK Signaling Pathways In Vitro.

Poria cocos is traditionally used as both food and medicine. Triterpenoids in Poria cocos have a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as diuretic, sedative and tonic properties. In this study, the anti-tumor activities of poricoic acid A (PAA) and poricoic acid B (PAB), purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography, as well as their mechanisms and signaling pathways, were investigated using a HepG2 cell model. After treatment with PAA and PAB on HepG2 cells, the apoptosis was obviously increased (p < 0.05), and the cell cycle arrested in the G2/M phase. Studies showed that PAA and PAB can also inhibit the occurrence and development of tumor cells by stimulating the generation of ROS in tumor cells and inhibiting tumor migration and invasion. Combined Polymerase Chain Reaction and computer simulation of molecular docking were employed to explore the mechanism of tumor proliferation inhibition by PAA and PAB. By interfering with phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B, Mitogen-activated protein kinases and p53 signaling pathways; and further affecting the expression of downstream caspases; matrix metalloproteinase family, cyclin-dependent kinase -cyclin, Intercellular adhesion molecules-1, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 and Cyclooxygenase -2, may be responsible for their anti-tumor activity. Overall, the results suggested that PAA and PAB induced apoptosis, halted the cell cycle, and inhibited tumor migration and invasion through multi-pathway interactions, which may serve as a potential therapeutic agent against cancer.

Oxidative Stress Response of Probiotic Strain Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum GT15.

Bifidobacterium is a predominant and important genus in the bacterial population of the human gut microbiota. Despite the increasing number of studies on the beneficial functionality of bifidobacteria for human health, knowledge about their antioxidant potential is still insufficient. Several in vivo and in vitro studies of Bifidobacterium strains and their cellular components have shown good antioxidant capacity that provided a certain protection of their own and the host's cells. Our work presents the data of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses of the growing and stationary culture of the probiotic strain B. longum subsp. longum GT15 after exposure to hydrogen peroxide for 2 h and oxygen for 2 and 4 h. The results of the analysis of the sequenced genome of B. longum GT15 showed the presence of 16 gene-encoding proteins with known antioxidant functions. The results of the full transcriptomic analysis demonstrated a more than two-fold increase of levels of transcripts for eleven genes, encoding proteins with antioxidant functions. Proteomic data analysis showed an increased level of more than two times for glutaredoxin and thioredoxin after the exposure to oxygen, which indicates that the thioredoxin-dependent antioxidant system may be the major redox homeostasis system in B. longum bacteria. We also found that the levels of proteins presumably involved in global stress, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide and carbohydrate metabolism, and transport had significantly increased in response to oxidative stress. The metabolic fingerprint analysis also showed good discrimination between cells responding to oxidative stress and the untreated controls. Our results provide a greater understanding of the mechanism of oxidative stress response in B. longum and the factors that contribute to its survival in functional food products.

Multidimensional Assessment of Patient-Reported Outcomes After Gender-Affirming Surgeries Using a Validated Instrument.

INTRODUCTION: Limited literatures used validated instruments to evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for transgender and gender-diverse population undergoing gender-affirming surgeries (GASs). This study aimed to evaluate PROs using a newly validated psychometric instrument, Vanderbilt Mini Patient-Reported Outcome Measures-Gender (VMP-G). METHODS: Vanderbilt Mini Patient-Reported Outcome Measures-Gender assesses 4 scales: quality of life, self-concept, satisfaction, and gender dysphoria. Scores range from 20 to 100, with higher scores representing superior PROs. Descriptive analysis was performed, and outcomes were compared in different races/ethnicities, gender identities, age, types of GAS, and time. Patients seeking GAS at Vanderbilt University Medical Center from October 11, 2021, to October 11, 2022, were included. Data were collected anonymously via the Research Electronic Data Capture survey tool at preoperative or postoperative clinic visits. RESULTS: A total of 207 patients completed VMP-G. Average age was 31.8 years (SD, ±11.5 years). Fifty-three percent of patients were postoperative GAS. In bivariate and linear regression analyses, postoperative patients scored higher on all scales compared with preoperative patients ( P < 0.001). After adjustment, postoperative patients scored 12.5 higher on VMP-G compared with preoperative patients ( P < 0.01). In subset analyses, GAS was associated with improved PROs in White, non-White, binary, and nonbinary and patients younger than 21 years ( P < 0.05). After GAS, patients younger than 21 years reported similar outcomes, compared with patients older than 21 years ( P > 0.05). No PROs differences were reported between patients who underwent top versus bottom surgery ( P = 0.2). Postoperative patients reported low rates of regret (2.8%). Scores on the VMP-G were sustained even 1 year after GAS. Each month after GAS was associated with a score improvement of 0.02 in the gender dysphoria domain after adjusting for patient demographics ( P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Using a validated GAS-specific measure, we found that surgery sustainably improves patients' self-reported outcomes including gender dysphoria.

Gene regulatory network analysis predicts cooperating transcription factor regulons required for FLT3-ITD+ AML growth.

AML is a heterogenous disease caused by different mutations. We have previously shown that each mutational sub-type develops its specific gene regulatory network (GRN) with transcription factors interacting with multiple gene modules, many of which are transcription factor genes themselves. Here we hypothesized that highly connected nodes within such networks comprise crucial regulators of AML maintenance. We tested this hypothesis using FLT3-ITD mutated AML as a model and conducted an shRNA drop-out screen informed by this analysis. We show that AML-specific GRNs predict identifying crucial regulatory modules required for AML but not normal cellular growth. Furthermore, our work shows that all modules are highly connected and regulate each other. The careful multi-omic analysis of the role of one (RUNX1) module by shRNA and chemical inhibition shows that this transcription factor and its target genes stabilize the GRN of FLT3-ITD AML and that its removal leads to GRN collapse and cell death.

Avian campylobacteriosis, prevalence, sources, hazards, antibiotic resistance, poultry meat contamination, and control measures: a comprehensive review.

Avian campylobacteriosis is a vandal infection that poses human health hazards. Campylobacter is usually colonized in the avian gut revealing mild signs in the infected birds, but retail chicken carcasses have high contamination levels of Campylobacter spp. Consequently, the contaminated avian products constitute the main source of human infection with campylobacteriosis and result in severe clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, spasm, and deaths in sensitive cases. Thus, the current review aims to shed light on the prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler chickens, Campylobacter colonization, bird immunity against Campylobacter, sources of poultry infection, antibiotic resistance, poultry meat contamination, human health hazard, and the use of standard antimicrobial technology during the chicken processing of possible control strategies to overcome such problems.

Effects of degradation on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of carboxymethyl pachymaran.

Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf is a well-known edible and medicinal fungus. The polysaccharide in the sclerotium of P. cocos was extracted and prepared into carboxymethyl pachymaran (CMP). Three different degradation treatments including high temperature (HT), high pressure (HP) and gamma irradiation (GI) were used to process CMP. The changes in physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of CMP were then comparatively investigated. We found that the molecular weights of HT-CMP, HP-CMP, and GI-CMP decreased from 787.9 kDa to 429.8, 569.5 and 6.0 kDa, respectively. Degradation treatments had no effect on the main chains of →3-ß-D-Glcp-(1 â†’ while changed the branched sugar residues. The polysaccharide chains of CMP were depolymerized after high pressure and gamma irradiation treatments. The three degradation methods improved the stability of CMP solution while decreased the thermal stability of CMP. In addition, we found that the GI-CMP with lowest molecular weight had the best antioxidant activity. Our results suggest that gamma irradiation treatment could degrade CMP as functional foods with strong antioxidant activity.

Spray-Dried Plasma Promotes Broiler Chick Growth by Enhancing Immune Surveillance.

Spray-dried plasma (SDP) contain a variety of functional proteins that play an immunomodulatory role. To evaluate the potential of SDP to stimulate the immune system, day-old Ross 708 male broiler chicks (200) were allocated randomly to five dietary treatments. Treatment 1 (CX) comprised chicks fed basal unmedicated corn-soybean meal (SBM) without the addition of SDP. Treatment 2 (MX) includes chicks fed unmedicated corn-SBM basal containing Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) at 0.055 g/kg diet. Treatments 3 (SDP1), 4 (SDP2), and 5 (SDP3) contained chicks given unmedicated corn-SBM basal, into which SDP was included at 10, 20, and 30 g/kg diet, respectively. On d 7, 14, and 21, chicks' body weight and FCR were calculated. Additionally, leucocyte counts, oxidative status, and IgY concentrations were determined in blood. On d 23, fecal populations of selected indicator bacteria species were determined. Results showed that FCR for SP3 was superior (p < 0.05) to other treatments. Likewise, heterophil numbers decreased in MX and SDP treatments compared to CX. Circulating IgY concentration was higher for SDP dietary treatments (p < 0.05) compared to MX. In conclusion, dietary SDP at 30 g/kg enhanced immune surveillance by increasing circulating IgY levels, maintaining a normal oxidative state, and increasing gut Bifidobacteria, thereby improving chick growth performance.

Evaluation of the Adsorption Efficacy of Bentonite on Aflatoxin M1 Levels in Contaminated Milk.

The existence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw milk results in economic losses and public health risks. This research aims to examine the capability of bentonite to adsorb and/or eliminate AFM1 from various raw milk types. In addition, the effects of numerous bentonites (HAFR 1, 2, 3 and 4) on the nutritional characteristics of the milk were studied. Our findings revealed that goat milk had the highest value of AFM1 (490.30 ng/L) in comparison to other milks. AFM1 adsorption was influenced by applying bentonite (0.5 and 1 g) in a concentration-dependent manner for different time intervals (from 0 to 12 h). The percentage of AFM1 reached the maximum adsorption level after 12 h to 100, 98.5 and 98% for bentonites HAFR 3, 1 and 2, respectively. HAFR 3 (1 g bentonite) presented higher adsorption efficiency than other bentonites used in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and milk. Residual levels of AFM1 reached their lowest values of 0 and 1.5 ng/L while using HAFR 3 in PBS and milk, respectively. With regard to the influence of bentonite on the nutritional characteristics of milk, there was an increase in fat, protein and solid non-fat ratio while using HAFR 3 and 4, yet decreased lactose in comparison with the control. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy both identified bentonites as superior AFM1 binders. The results demonstrated that bentonite, particularly HAFR 3, was the most effective adsorbent and could thus be a promising candidate for the decontamination of AFM1 in milk.