ABSTRACT
La displasia, o neoplasia intraepitelial, es una proliferación celular neoplásica de carácter no invasivo, que puede preceder o acompañar a una neoplasia invasiva. Su diagnóstico se basa fundamentalmente en criterios histológicos, que incluyen alteraciones citológicas y estructurales, ya que frecuentemente no da lugar a lesiones reconocibles macroscópicamente. En todas las clasificaciones actuales la displasia se divide en dos categorías, bajo y alto grado, con el propósito de intentar evaluar el riesgo y orientar la actitud terapéutica. La clasificación de consenso de Viena pretende aunar criterios y disminuir la variabilidad interobservador en el diagnóstico. En el aparato digestivo, la evaluación de la displasia epitelial tiene especial relevancia en cuatro circunstancias: esófago de Barrett, gastritis crónica, enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal y adenomas colorrectales. Los criterios de diagnóstico y gradación de la displasia son iguales en todas ellas, pero la orientación terapéutica puede variar en función del órgano y el contexto clinicopatológico
Dysplasia, or intraepithelial neoplasia, consists of noninva-sive neoplastic cellular proliferation that may precede or accompany invasive neoplasia. Diagnosis is mainly based on histological criteria, which include cytological and structural alterations, since macroscopically identifiable lesions often do not occur. In all current classifications, dysplasia is divided in two categories, low and high-grade, with the aim of attempting to evaluate risk and guide the therapeutic approach. The classification of the Vienna consensus aims to unity criteria and decrease interobserver variability in diagnosis. In the digestive tract, evaluation of epithelial dysplasia is especially important in four entities: Barrett's eso phagus, chronic gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal adenomas. The criteria for diagnosis and dysplasia staging are the same in all these entities, but the therapeutic approach may vary according to the affected organ and the clinico-pathological context
Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertrophy/classification , Barrett Esophagus/classification , Gastritis/classification , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/classification , Carcinoma in Situ/pathology , Hypertrophy/pathology , Barrett Esophagus/pathology , Gastritis/pathology , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
Dysplasia, or intraepithelial neoplasia, consists of noninvasive neoplastic cellular proliferation that may precede or accompany invasive neoplasia. Diagnosis is mainly based on histological criteria, which include cytological and structural alterations, since macroscopically identifiable lesions often do not occur. In all current classifications, dysplasia is divided in two categories, low- and high-grade, with the aim of attempting to evaluate risk and guide the therapeutic approach. The classification of the Vienna consensus aims to unity criteria and decrease interobserver variability in diagnosis. In the digestive tract, evaluation of epithelial dysplasia is especially important in four entities: Barrett's esophagus, chronic gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal adenomas. The criteria for diagnosis and dysplasia staging are the same in all these entities, but the therapeutic approach may vary according to the affected organ and the clinico-pathological context.
