Protective effect of Petroselinum crispum methanolic extract against acrylamide-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats through NF-ĸB, kinesin, steroidogenesis pathways.

This study examined the protective effects of a Petroselinum crispum (P. crispum) methanolic extract on reproductive dysfunction induced by acrylamide in male rats. A total of 40 rats were divided into four groups (n=10). The control group received distilled water, the acrylamide group received 10 mg/kg of acrylamide, the P. crispum group received 100 mg/kg of P. crispum extract, and the combined group was pretreated with P. crispum for two weeks before co-administration of P. crispum and acrylamide. All administrations were administered orally using a gastric tube for eight weeks. Acrylamide decreased testosterone levels but did not affect levels of FSH or LH. It also increased testicular levels of (MDA) malondialdehyde and reduced activity of (SOD) superoxide dismutase and impairment of sperm parameters. Furthermore, the administration of acrylamide resulted in an elevation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and a reduction in the levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) and cytochrome P450scc (P450scc). Acrylamide negatively affected the histopathological outcomes, Johnsen's score, the diameter of seminiferous tubules, and the thickness of the germinal epithelium. It also upregulated the expression of NF-ĸB P65 and downregulated the expression of kinesin motor protein. In contrast, treatment with P. crispum extract restored the levels of antioxidant enzymes, improved sperm parameters, and normalized the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, iNOS, NF-ĸB, STAR, CYP17A1, 17ß-HSD and P450scc. It also recovered testicular histological parameters and immunoexpression of NF-ĸB P65 and kinesin altered by acrylamide. P. crispum showed protective effects against acrylamide-induced reproductive toxicity by suppressing oxidative damage and inflammatory pathways.

Preliminary study of vitamin D deficiency and its associated risk factors in Libya

This study was conducted to investigate levels among the target population and its associated risk factors in Libya. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate level and its associated risk factors in Libya during 2022-2023. 192 serum samples were tested in private laboratories. A structured designated questionnaire was filled in containing all the relevant information. Descriptive analyses frequency and percent were measured for numerical data, number, and percent for qualitative data using SPSS version 22. The chi-square test and student t-test were used for the data analysis and to investigate the level of association among variables at the significance level of (p=0.894) The results showed that using supplements for hypovitaminosis did not significantly influence therapeutic outcomes. The mean average level among males was significantly higher than those in females; however, both levels in the two groups are in the deficiency category. Interestingly the group who received treatment of vitamin D, their level was lower than the group who did not receive treatment