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Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 101(11): 1147-53, 2007 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17681359

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological and microbiological features of meningococcal meningitis in Salvador, Brazil. Between February 1996 and January 2001, a hospital-based surveillance prospectively identified cases of culture-positive meningococcal meningitis. Demographic and clinical data were collected through interview and medical chart review. Antisera and monoclonal antibodies were used to determine the serogroup and serotype:serosubtype of the isolates, respectively. Surveillance identified a total of 408 cases of meningococcal meningitis, with a case fatality rate of 8% (32/397). The mean annual incidence for the 304 culture-positive cases residing in metropolitan Salvador was 1.71 cases per 100,000 population. Infants <1 year old presented the highest incidence (14.7 cases per 100,000 population). Of the 377 serogrouped isolates, 82%, 16%, 2% and 0.3% were serogroups B, C, W135 and Y, respectively. A single serotype:serosubtype (4,7:P1.19,15) accounted for 64% of all cases. Continued surveillance is necessary to characterise strains and to define future prevention and control strategies.


Subject(s)
Meningitis, Meningococcal/diagnosis , Neisseria meningitidis/isolation & purification , Serotyping , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Meningitis, Meningococcal/drug therapy , Meningitis, Meningococcal/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Treatment Outcome
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