ABSTRACT
Sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia (Thal) are the most common inherited, autosomal, recessive blood disorders which lead to complications such as vasoocclusion and splenomegaly. Patients who suffer from these diseases have poor quality of life and shorter life span. The most common techniques for detection of these diseases are complete blood cell count, followed by electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography. In this connection, the results of this paper indicate the potential of a new technique, based on spectral analysis of blood plasma and cellular components, to detect SCD and Thal with accuracy of 90% and above. To the best of our knowledge this would be the first report on spectral pathology of hemoglobinopathy.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/diagnosis , Bilirubin/blood , Biliverdine/blood , Porphyrins/blood , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods , Thalassemia/diagnosis , Adolescent , Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Female , Humans , Male , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thalassemia/blood , Young AdultSubject(s)
Emphysema/etiology , Pyelonephritis/etiology , Urinary Tract Infections/complications , Emphysema/pathology , Emphysema/surgery , Hemodynamics/physiology , Humans , Kidney/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Nephrectomy , Pyelonephritis/pathology , Pyelonephritis/surgery , Respiration, Artificial , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Urinary Tract Infections/therapyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore whether fluorescence emission spectroscopy of blood components can differentiate normal from early and advanced stages of breast cancer using stepwise discriminant analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fluorescence emission spectra were measured for blood components of three different groups: 35 normal controls, 28 with early-stage, and 18 with advanced-stage breast cancer. The data from the spectra were subjected to Fisher's linear discriminant analysis. Classification accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the technique were calculated for breast cancer diagnosis. RESULTS: Fluorescence emission spectra of blood components accurately distinguished normal from early-stage and advanced-stage breast cancer in 91.4% of original cases and 90.1% for cross-validated cases. The sensitivity and specificity were 80.4% and 100%, respectively, in distinguishing subjects with breast cancer from normal controls. CONCLUSION: Our statistical evaluation indicates that porphyrin in blood can be used as a reliable tumor marker. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy of blood components and statistical evaluations should be further investigated for a variety of tumors.
