Multiple Causes of Death Associated with Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Arrest from 1996 to 2019 in Brazil. / Causas Múltiplas de Morte Associadas à Parada Cardiorrespiratória Pediátrica de 1996 a 2019 no Brasil.

BACKGROUND: In pediatrics, cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is associated with high mortality and severe neurologic sequelae. Information on the causes and mechanisms of death below the age of 20 years could provide theoretical support for health improvement among children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a population analysis of mortality rates due to primary and multiple causes of death below the age of 20 years in both sexes from 1996 to 2019 in Brazil, and identify the frequency in which CPA was recorded in the death certificates (DCs) of these individuals and the locations where the deaths occurred, in order to promote strategies to improve the prevention of deaths. METHOD: Ecological time-series study of deaths below the age of 20 years from 1996 to 2019, evaluating the mortality rates (MRs) and proportional mortality (PM) by primary cause of death. We analyzed the percentages of CPA recorded in any line of the DC and the location where the deaths occurred. We calculated the MRs per 100,000 inhabitants and the PM by primary cause of death under the age of 20 years according to sex and age group, the percentages of death from primary causes by age group when CPA was described in any line of Parts I and II of the DC, and the percentage of deaths from primary causes according to their location of occurrence. We retrieved the data from DATASUS, IBGE, and SINASC. RESULTS: From 1996 to 2019, there were 2,151,716 deaths below the age of 20 years in Brazil, yielding a mortality rate of 134.38 per 100,000 inhabitants. The death rate was highest among male neonates. Of all deaths, 249,334 (11.6%) had CPA recorded in any line of the DC. Specifically, CPA was recorded in 49,178 DCs between the ages of 1 and 4 years and in 88,116 of those between the ages of 29 and 365 days, corresponding, respectively, to 26% and 22% of the deaths in these age groups. These two age groups had the highest rates of CPA recorded in any line of the DC. The main primary causes of death when CPA was recorded in the sequence of death were respiratory, hematologic, and neoplastic diseases. CONCLUSION: Perinatal and external causes were the primary causes of death, with highest MRs under the age of 20 years in Brazil from 1996 to 2019. When multiple causes of death were considered, the main primary causes associated with CPA were respiratory, hematologic, and neoplastic diseases. Most deaths occurred in the hospital environment. Better understanding of the sequence of events in these deaths and improvements in teaching strategies in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation are needed.

FUNDAMENTO: Em pediatria, a parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) está associada a alta mortalidade e graves sequelas neurológicas. Informações sobre as causas e mecanismos de morte abaixo de 20 anos poderiam fornecer subsídios teóricos para a melhoria da saúde de crianças e adolescentes. OBJETIVOS: Realizar uma análise populacional das taxas de mortalidade por causas primárias e múltiplas de morte abaixo de 20 anos, em ambos os sexos, no período de 1996 a 2019, no Brasil, e identificar a frequência com que a PCR foi registrada nas declarações de óbito (DOs) desses indivíduos e os locais de ocorrência dos óbitos, a fim de promover estratégias para melhorar a prevenção de mortes. MÉTODO: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais de óbitos em indivíduos menores de 20 anos, no período de 1996 a 2019, avaliando as taxas de mortalidade (TMs) e a mortalidade proporcional (MP) por causa básica de morte. Foram analisados os percentuais de PCR registrados em qualquer linha da DO e o local de ocorrência dos óbitos. Foram calculadas as TMs por 100 mil habitantes e a MP por causa básica de morte nos menores de 20 anos segundo sexo e faixa etária, os percentuais de óbito por causas básicas por faixa etária quando a PCR foi descrita em qualquer linha das Partes I e II da DO, e o percentual de óbitos por causas básicas segundo o local de ocorrência. Os dados foram retirados do DATASUS, IBGE e SINASC. RESULTADOS: De 1996 a 2019, ocorreram 2.151.716 óbitos de menores de 20 anos, no Brasil, gerando uma taxa de mortalidade de 134,38 por 100 mil habitantes. A taxa de óbito foi maior entre os recém-nascidos do sexo masculino. Do total de óbitos, 249.334 (11,6%) tiveram PCR registrada em qualquer linha da DO. Especificamente, a PCR foi registrada 49.178 vezes na DO na faixa etária entre 1 e 4 anos e em 88.116 vezes entre 29 e 365 dias, correspondendo, respectivamente, a 26% e 22% dos óbitos nessas faixas etárias. Essas duas faixas etárias apresentaram as maiores taxas de PCR registradas em qualquer linha da DO. As principais causas básicas de óbito quando a PCR foi registrada na sequência de óbitos foram doenças respiratórias, hematológicas e neoplásicas. CONCLUSÃO: As causas perinatais e externas foram as principais causas de morte, com maior TM nos menores de 20 anos no Brasil de 1996 a 2019. Quando consideradas as causas múltiplas de morte, as principais causas primárias associadas à PCR foram as doenças respiratórias, hematológicas e neoplásicas. A maioria dos óbitos ocorreu no ambiente hospitalar. Melhor compreensão da sequência de eventos nesses óbitos e melhorias nas estratégias de ensino em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar pediátrica são necessárias.

HDI, Technological and Human Resources in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malformations of the Circulatory System in Brazil. / IDH, Recursos Tecnológicos e Humanos para Diagnóstico e Tratamento das Malformações do Aparelho Circulatório no Brasil.

BACKGROUND: In 2015, the number of infants with congenital malformations (CMs) per 100 000 live births (LBs) was 2368 (7.6%) worldwide, of whom 10.6% died in the first year of life, 43% due to malformations of the circulatory system (MCSs), a scenario similar to what occurs in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To assess, per Brazilian macroregion, whether diagnosis of MCS at birth and death due to MCS in the first year of life associate with human development index (HDI) and with technological and human resources. METHODS: Ecological study including data available in 2000-2015. Data of LBs, deaths and availability of echocardiography devices were obtained from the DATASUS website. The HDI was obtained from the Atlas of Human Development in Brazil, while other variables were obtained from medical demographic data. Correlation measures between the variables were performed using the Kendall index. RESULTS: The CM rate was 660.8/100 000 LBs, of which 18 444 were due to MCS (diagnosis rate, 38.55/100 000 LBs). Of all Brazilian macroregions, the Southern and Southeastern regions, with the highest HDI values and resources, had the highest MCS diagnosis rates (56.94/100 000 and 62.83/100 000 LBs, respectively). The Northern and Northeastern regions, with the lowest HDI values and resources, had the lowest MCS diagnosis rates (9.77/100 000 and 13.43/100 000 LBs, respectively). The MCS diagnosis rate was 6.4-fold higher in the Southeastern region as compared to the Northern region, but mortality rates were similar in both regions. CONCLUSION: Of the CMs, the MCS accounted for the highest number of deaths in children under the age of 1 year in Brazil.

FUDAMENTO: Em 2015, foram diagnosticados 2.368 portadores de malformação congênita (MC) por 100.000 nascidos vivos (NV) no mundo, uma taxa de 7,6%, dos quais 10,6% morreram no primeiro ano de vida, sendo 43% por malformações do aparelho circulatório (MAC), à semelhança do que ocorre no Brasil. OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação de diagnóstico de MAC ao nascimento e morte por MAC no primeiro ano de vida com índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH) e recursos tecnológicos e humanos para o diagnóstico e tratamento da MAC por macrorregião do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico de dados disponíveis de 2000 a 2015. Informações sobre NV, óbitos e ecocardiógrafos foram obtidas do DATASUS, o IDH, do Atlas de Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil, e as demais foram obtidas da demografia médica. Foram realizadas medidas de correlação entre as variáveis utilizando o índice de Kendall. RESULTADOS: A taxa de MC foi 660,8/100.000 NV, das quais, 18.444 por MAC (taxa de diagnóstico 38,55/100.000 NV). As regiões Sul e Sudeste, com maiores valores de IDH e recursos, apresentaram as maiores taxas de diagnóstico de MAC (56,94/100.000 e 62,83/100.000 NV, respectivamente). As regiões Norte e Nordeste, com os menores valores de IDH e recursos, apresentaram as menores taxas de diagnóstico de MAC (9,77/100.000 e 13,43/100.000 NV, respectivamente). Essa taxa de diagnóstico foi 6,4 vezes maior no Sudeste do que no Norte, mas as taxas de mortalidade foram similares. CONCLUSÃO: Das MC, as MAC apresentaram a maior mortalidade nos menores de 1 ano no Brasil.

IDH, Recursos tecnológicos e humanos para diagnóstico e tratamento das malformações do aparelho circulatório no Brasil / HDI, Technological and human resources in the diagnosis and treatment of malformations of the circulatory system in Brazil

Resumo Fudamento Em 2015, foram diagnosticados 2.368 portadores de malformação congênita (MC) por 100.000 nascidos vivos (NV) no mundo, uma taxa de 7,6%, dos quais 10,6% morreram no primeiro ano de vida, sendo 43% por malformações do aparelho circulatório (MAC), à semelhança do que ocorre no Brasil. Objetivo Verificar a associação de diagnóstico de MAC ao nascimento e morte por MAC no primeiro ano de vida com índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH) e recursos tecnológicos e humanos para o diagnóstico e tratamento da MAC por macrorregião do Brasil. Métodos Estudo ecológico de dados disponíveis de 2000 a 2015. Informações sobre NV, óbitos e ecocardiógrafos foram obtidas do DATASUS, o IDH, do Atlas de Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil, e as demais foram obtidas da demografia médica. Foram realizadas medidas de correlação entre as variáveis utilizando o índice de Kendall. Resultados A taxa de MC foi 660,8/100.000 NV, das quais, 18.444 por MAC (taxa de diagnóstico 38,55/100.000 NV). As regiões Sul e Sudeste, com maiores valores de IDH e recursos, apresentaram as maiores taxas de diagnóstico de MAC (56,94/100.000 e 62,83/100.000 NV, respectivamente). As regiões Norte e Nordeste, com os menores valores de IDH e recursos, apresentaram as menores taxas de diagnóstico de MAC (9,77/100.000 e 13,43/100.000 NV, respectivamente). Essa taxa de diagnóstico foi 6,4 vezes maior no Sudeste do que no Norte, mas as taxas de mortalidade foram similares. Conclusão Das MC, as MAC apresentaram a maior mortalidade nos menores de 1 ano no Brasil.

Abstract Background In 2015, the number of infants with congenital malformations (CMs) per 100 000 live births (LBs) was 2368 (7.6%) worldwide, of whom 10.6% died in the first year of life, 43% due to malformations of the circulatory system (MCSs), a scenario similar to what occurs in Brazil. Objective To assess, per Brazilian macroregion, whether diagnosis of MCS at birth and death due to MCS in the first year of life associate with human development index (HDI) and with technological and human resources. Methods Ecological study including data available in 2000-2015. Data of LBs, deaths and availability of echocardiography devices were obtained from the DATASUS website. The HDI was obtained from the Atlas of Human Development in Brazil, while other variables were obtained from medical demographic data. Correlation measures between the variables were performed using the Kendall index. Results The CM rate was 660.8/100 000 LBs, of which 18 444 were due to MCS (diagnosis rate, 38.55/100 000 LBs). Of all Brazilian macroregions, the Southern and Southeastern regions, with the highest HDI values and resources, had the highest MCS diagnosis rates (56.94/100 000 and 62.83/100 000 LBs, respectively). The Northern and Northeastern regions, with the lowest HDI values and resources, had the lowest MCS diagnosis rates (9.77/100 000 and 13.43/100 000 LBs, respectively). The MCS diagnosis rate was 6.4-fold higher in the Southeastern region as compared to the Northern region, but mortality rates were similar in both regions. Conclusion Of the CMs, the MCS accounted for the highest number of deaths in children under the age of 1 year in Brazil.

Desigualdades nas Taxas de Mortalidade por Malformações do Sistema Circulatório em Crianças Menores de 20 Anos de Idade entre Macrorregiões Brasileiras / Inequalities in Mortality Rates from Malformations of Circulatory System Between Brazilian Macroregions in Individuals Younger Than 20 Years

Resumo Fundamentos Os óbitos por malformações do aparelho circulatório (MAC) em 2015 corresponderam a 43% daqueles por malformações congênitas (MC) em menores de 20 anos de idade no mundo. Os óbitos por MAC apresentam maior impacto sobre a redução da mortalidade, pelo fato de serem evitáveis na maioria das vezes, com o correto diagnóstico e tratamento. Objetivo Conhecer a distribuição da mortalidade por MAC por sexo, grupos etários e macrorregiões do Brasil no período de 2000 a 2015, nos menores de 20 anos de idade. Métodos Estudo descritivo das taxas de mortalidade por 100 mil e sua mortalidade proporcional, por MAC, outras malformações congênitas (OutMC), doenças do aparelho circulatório (DAC), causas mal definidas (CMD) e causas externas (CE) no Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2015 nos menores de 20 anos. As populações foram obtidas no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e os óbitos no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde/Ministério da Saúde. Resultados Ocorreram 1.367.355 óbitos por todas as causas nos menores de 20 anos de idade, sendo 61,7% do sexo masculino e 55,0% dos óbitos nos menores de 1 ano. Os óbitos por MC em quaisquer órgãos ou sistemas foram 144.057 e os por MAC corresponderam a 39% desses óbitos. Em ambos os sexos, a mortalidade anual por MAC foi de 5,3/100 mil habitantes e a mortalidade proporcional (MP) foi de 4,2%, por DAC 2,2%, por CMD 6,2% e por CE 24,9%. As MAC não especificadas apresentaram as maiores taxas de MP em todas as idades e sexos, notadamente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste (60%). Os óbitos por quaisquer MC ocorreram 5,7 vezes mais no primeiro ano de vida do que nas outras faixas etárias (MAC: 5,0; OutMC: 6,4). Conclusão No Brasil, de 2000 a 2015, nos menores de 20 anos de idade, a MAC foi a principal causa de óbito dentre todas as malformações, sendo duas vezes mais importante do que as DAC, principalmente nos menores de 1 ano de idade.A frequência de diagnósticos imprecisos de óbitos por MAC ainda é elevada em todas as idades, sexos, e principalmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, o que requer fortalecimento das estratégias de saúde pública e maior atenção ao recém-nascido com objetivo de diagnosticar e instituir tratamento precoce das cardiopatias congênitas com consequente redução na mortalidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1164-1173)

Abstract Background Deaths from malformations of the circulatory system (MCS) have a major impact on mortality reduction. given that most cases are avoidable with correct diagnosis and treatment. Objectives To describe the distribution of mortality from MCS by sex. age. and macroregion in Brazil. in individuals under the age of 20. between 2000 and 2015. Methods A descriptive study of mortality rates and proportional mortality (PM) from MCS. other congenital malformations (OCM). circulatory system disease (CSD). ill-defined causes (IDC). and external causes (EC) in Brazil. Results There were 1.367.355 deaths from all causes in individuals younger than 20. 55.0% under 1 year of age. A total of 144.057 deaths were caused by congenital malformations. 39% of them by MCS. In both sexes. the annual mortality from MCS was 5.3/100.000. PM from MCS was 4.2%. CSD 2.2%. IDC 6.2% and EC 24.9%. Unspecified MCS showed the highest PM rates in both sexes and age groups. especially in the north and northeast regions (60%). Deaths from malformations occurred 5.7 times more frequently during the first year of life than in other ages (MCS: 5.0; OCM: 6.4). Conclusions MCS was the leading cause of death among all malformations. being twice as important as CSD. mainly under 1 year of age. The frequency of misdiagnosis of MCS as cause of death was high in all ages and both sexes. especially in the north and northeast regions. These findings highlight the need for the development of public health strategies focused on correct diagnosis and early treatment of congenital cardiopathies. leading to a reduction in mortality. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1164-1173)

Inequalities in Mortality Rates from Malformations of Circulatory System Between Brazilian Macroregions in Individuals Younger Than 20 Years. / Desigualdades nas Taxas de Mortalidade por Malformações do Sistema Circulatório em Crianças Menores de 20 Anos de Idade entre Macrorregiões Brasileiras.

BACKGROUND: Deaths from malformations of the circulatory system (MCS) have a major impact on mortality reduction. given that most cases are avoidable with correct diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVES: To describe the distribution of mortality from MCS by sex. age. and macroregion in Brazil. in individuals under the age of 20. between 2000 and 2015. METHODS: A descriptive study of mortality rates and proportional mortality (PM) from MCS. other congenital malformations (OCM). circulatory system disease (CSD). ill-defined causes (IDC). and external causes (EC) in Brazil. RESULTS: There were 1.367.355 deaths from all causes in individuals younger than 20. 55.0% under 1 year of age. A total of 144.057 deaths were caused by congenital malformations. 39% of them by MCS. In both sexes. the annual mortality from MCS was 5.3/100.000. PM from MCS was 4.2%. CSD 2.2%. IDC 6.2% and EC 24.9%. Unspecified MCS showed the highest PM rates in both sexes and age groups. especially in the north and northeast regions (60%). Deaths from malformations occurred 5.7 times more frequently during the first year of life than in other ages (MCS: 5.0; OCM: 6.4). CONCLUSIONS: MCS was the leading cause of death among all malformations. being twice as important as CSD. mainly under 1 year of age. The frequency of misdiagnosis of MCS as cause of death was high in all ages and both sexes. especially in the north and northeast regions. These findings highlight the need for the development of public health strategies focused on correct diagnosis and early treatment of congenital cardiopathies. leading to a reduction in mortality. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1164-1173).

FUNDAMENTOS: Os óbitos por malformações do aparelho circulatório (MAC) em 2015 corresponderam a 43% daqueles por malformações congênitas (MC) em menores de 20 anos de idade no mundo. Os óbitos por MAC apresentam maior impacto sobre a redução da mortalidade, pelo fato de serem evitáveis na maioria das vezes, com o correto diagnóstico e tratamento. OBJETIVO: Conhecer a distribuição da mortalidade por MAC por sexo, grupos etários e macrorregiões do Brasil no período de 2000 a 2015, nos menores de 20 anos de idade. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo das taxas de mortalidade por 100 mil e sua mortalidade proporcional, por MAC, outras malformações congênitas (OutMC), doenças do aparelho circulatório (DAC), causas mal definidas (CMD) e causas externas (CE) no Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2015 nos menores de 20 anos. As populações foram obtidas no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e os óbitos no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde/Ministério da Saúde. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 1.367.355 óbitos por todas as causas nos menores de 20 anos de idade, sendo 61,7% do sexo masculino e 55,0% dos óbitos nos menores de 1 ano. Os óbitos por MC em quaisquer órgãos ou sistemas foram 144.057 e os por MAC corresponderam a 39% desses óbitos. Em ambos os sexos, a mortalidade anual por MAC foi de 5,3/100 mil habitantes e a mortalidade proporcional (MP) foi de 4,2%, por DAC 2,2%, por CMD 6,2% e por CE 24,9%. As MAC não especificadas apresentaram as maiores taxas de MP em todas as idades e sexos, notadamente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste (60%). Os óbitos por quaisquer MC ocorreram 5,7 vezes mais no primeiro ano de vida do que nas outras faixas etárias (MAC: 5,0; OutMC: 6,4). CONCLUSÃO: No Brasil, de 2000 a 2015, nos menores de 20 anos de idade, a MAC foi a principal causa de óbito dentre todas as malformações, sendo duas vezes mais importante do que as DAC, principalmente nos menores de 1 ano de idade.A frequência de diagnósticos imprecisos de óbitos por MAC ainda é elevada em todas as idades, sexos, e principalmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, o que requer fortalecimento das estratégias de saúde pública e maior atenção ao recém-nascido com objetivo de diagnosticar e instituir tratamento precoce das cardiopatias congênitas com consequente redução na mortalidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1164-1173).

Fetal and maternal factors are associated with mortality due to circulatory system disorders in children.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association of characteristics recorded at the time of birth, including weight, occurrence of asphyxia, gestation duration, maternal age and education level, with death from diseases or malformations of the circulatory system in children under 18 years of age. METHODS: The Brazilian Information System on Live Births and Information System on Mortality databases were linked and evaluated following a longitudinal cohort analysis strategy. The following independent variables were evaluated: characteristics recorded at the time of birth, including weight, occurrence of asphyxia, gestation duration, maternal age and education level. Dependent variables were death from diseases or malformations of the circulatory system in children under 18 years of age. Crude relative risks were estimated and relative risks were adjusted for the variables. RESULTS: 6,380 deaths were linked to 4,282,260 birth records, yielding 5,062 pairs considered as true. Low birth weight (RR = 2.26), asphyxia at 1 (RR = 1.72) and 5 minutes (RR = 1.51), prematurity (RR = 1.50), maternal age ≥ 40 years (RR = 2.06), and low maternal education level (RR = 1.45) increased the probability of death caused by circulatory system diseases. In the association with death by malformations of the circulatory system, the predictive variables showed the same association profile, but with greater intensity. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal and maternal factors are associated with increased mortality due to diseases and malformations of the circulatory system. Measures to control these factors and improve access to their diagnosis and treatment would contribute to reducing the number of deaths caused by diseases and malformations of the circulatory system. However, the identification of environmental influences during gestation and birth on the risk of death should be carefully considered due to being influenced by genetic factors.

Fetal and maternal factors are associated with mortality due to circulatory system disorders in children

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of characteristics recorded at the time of birth, including weight, occurrence of asphyxia, gestation duration, maternal age and education level, with death from diseases or malformations of the circulatory system in children under 18 years of age. METHODS The Brazilian Information System on Live Births and Information System on Mortality databases were linked and evaluated following a longitudinal cohort analysis strategy. The following independent variables were evaluated: characteristics recorded at the time of birth, including weight, occurrence of asphyxia, gestation duration, maternal age and education level. Dependent variables were death from diseases or malformations of the circulatory system in children under 18 years of age. Crude relative risks were estimated and relative risks were adjusted for the variables. RESULTS 6,380 deaths were linked to 4,282,260 birth records, yielding 5,062 pairs considered as true. Low birth weight (RR = 2.26), asphyxia at 1 (RR = 1.72) and 5 minutes (RR = 1.51), prematurity (RR = 1.50), maternal age ≥ 40 years (RR = 2.06), and low maternal education level (RR = 1.45) increased the probability of death caused by circulatory system diseases. In the association with death by malformations of the circulatory system, the predictive variables showed the same association profile, but with greater intensity. CONCLUSIONS Fetal and maternal factors are associated with increased mortality due to diseases and malformations of the circulatory system. Measures to control these factors and improve access to their diagnosis and treatment would contribute to reducing the number of deaths caused by diseases and malformations of the circulatory system. However, the identification of environmental influences during gestation and birth on the risk of death should be carefully considered due to being influenced by genetic factors.

Mortality from Circulatory System Diseases and Malformations in Children in the State of Rio de Janeiro / Mortalidade por Doenças e Malformações do Aparelho Circulatório em Crianças no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract Background: The epidemiological profile of mortality in a population is important for the institution of measures to improve health care and reduce mortality Objective: To estimate mortality rates and the proportional mortality from cardiovascular diseases and malformations of the circulatory system in children and adolescents. Methods: This is a descriptive study of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, malformations of the circulatory system, from all causes, ill-defined causes and external causes in children and adolescents in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 1996 to 2012. Populations were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE) and deaths obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS)/Ministry of Health. Results: There were 115,728 deaths from all causes, 69,757 in males. The annual mortality from cardiovascular diseases was 2.7/100,000 in men and 2.6/100,000 in women. The annual mortality from malformations of the circulatory system was 7.5/100,000 in men and 6.6/100,000 in women. Among the specific causes of circulatory diseases, cardiomyopathies had the highest rates of annual proportional mortality, and from malformations of the circulatory system, it occurred due to unspecified malformations of the circulatory system, at all ages and in both genders. Conclusion: Mortality from malformations of the circulatory system was most striking in the first years of life, while cardiovascular diseases were more relevant in adolescents. Low access to prenatal diagnosis or at birth probably prevented the proper treatment of malformations of the circulatory system.

Resumo Fundamento: Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico de mortalidade de uma população é importante para instituir medidas de melhoria da assistência em saúde e redução da mortalidade. Objetivo: Estimar as taxas de mortalidade e a mortalidade proporcional por doenças e malformações do aparelho circulatório em crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo descritivo das mortalidades por doenças e malformações do aparelho circulatório, todas as causas, causas mal definidas e causas externas em crianças e adolescentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, de 1996 a 2012. As populações foram obtidas no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), e os óbitos no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS)/Ministério da Saúde. Resultados: Ocorreram 115.728 óbitos por todas as causas, sendo 69.757 no sexo masculino. A mortalidade anual por doenças do aparelho circulatório foi 2,7/100mil no sexo masculino e 2,6/100 mil no feminino. A mortalidade anual por malformações do aparelho circulatório foi 7,5/100 mil no sexo masculino e 6,6/100 mil no feminino. Dentre as causas específicas de doenças do aparelho circulatório, as cardiomiopatias apresentaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade proporcional anual e, por malformações do aparelho circulatório, ocorreu por malformações não especificadas do aparelho circulatório, em todas as idades e sexos. Conclusão: A mortalidade por malformações do aparelho circulatório foi mais marcante nos primeiros anos de vida, enquanto as doenças do aparelho circulatório foram mais relevantes nos adolescentes. O baixo acesso ao diagnóstico pré-natal e/ou ao nascimento provavelmente impossibilitou o adequado tratamento das doenças e malformações do aparelho circulatório.

Mortality from Circulatory System Diseases and Malformations in Children in the State of Rio de Janeiro.

BACKGROUND: The epidemiological profile of mortality in a population is important for the institution of measures to improve health care and reduce mortality Objective: To estimate mortality rates and the proportional mortality from cardiovascular diseases and malformations of the circulatory system in children and adolescents. METHODS: This is a descriptive study of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, malformations of the circulatory system, from all causes, ill-defined causes and external causes in children and adolescents in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 1996 to 2012. Populations were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE) and deaths obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS)/Ministry of Health. RESULTS: There were 115,728 deaths from all causes, 69,757 in males. The annual mortality from cardiovascular diseases was 2.7/100,000 in men and 2.6/100,000 in women. The annual mortality from malformations of the circulatory system was 7.5/100,000 in men and 6.6/100,000 in women. Among the specific causes of circulatory diseases, cardiomyopathies had the highest rates of annual proportional mortality, and from malformations of the circulatory system, it occurred due to unspecified malformations of the circulatory system, at all ages and in both genders. CONCLUSION: Mortality from malformations of the circulatory system was most striking in the first years of life, while cardiovascular diseases were more relevant in adolescents. Low access to prenatal diagnosis or at birth probably prevented the proper treatment of malformations of the circulatory system.