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1.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 227: 113337, 2023 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37167692

ABSTRACT

One of the challenges for producing active chitinase formulations relies on the gap between the laboratory tests and the biological scenarios where the enzyme will perform its function. In this work, we have employed different Langmuir monolayer arrays to evaluate the interfacial behavior of a recently purified recombinant chitinase, Chi18-5. We have demonstrated that two conformations exist for the chitinase at pH values close to its pI, showing very distinct structural properties at the air/aqueous interface. Enzyme activity was assessed by implementing different kinetic approaches and using a chitosan-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) mixed film as organized substrate model membrane. Combining these strategies, we demonstrated that better catalytic efficiencies can be obtained for Chi18-5 at pH 5. Moreover, the chitinase activity at the air/aqueous interface can be tuned by introducing in situ pH modifications over the surrounding milieu. We also studied the changes in the topography at the mesoscale level using Brewster Angle Microscopy (BAM). We found that Chi18-5 segregated onto the chitosan domains of the membrane, showing differences in homogeneity depending on the pH imposed. Alternatively, pure Chi18-5 was tested for immobilization onto a hydrophilic activated solid support using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analyses showed successfully stabilization and preservation of molecular features attributed to the pH at which the enzyme deposition was performed.


Subject(s)
Chitosan , Microscopy, Atomic Force , Surface Properties
2.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 6(2): 113-122, abr.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391008

ABSTRACT

Los adaptados genéticamente a la altura son los tibetanos, sherpas y etíopes; los aymaras y quechuas están aclimatados (Bolivia, Perú y norte de Chile). En Bolivia el mal crónico de montaña afecta 10% de la población masculina. El objetivo fue determinar la función ventricular derecha en residentes sanos y con mal crónico de montaña mediante ecocardiografía transtoráxica. Se utilizaron participantes sanos y con mal crónico de montaña admitidos por el IBBA, desde el año 2012 al 2013. Las variables tomadas son: demográficas, espirometria forzada, gasometría arterial en reposo e hiperoxia, ECG y ECCTT. Los controles (n 40), la edad promedio (44,13±9,69 años), predominio masculino y sobrepeso (IMC 26,27±6,68kg /m2), procedentes de La Paz 3.600 msnm (54%), Potosí 4.000 msnm (22%), El Alto 4.100 msnm (15%) y Oruro 3.800 msnm (9%), el promedio de Hematocrito 51,34±2,91%, hemoglobina 17,15±0,89gr/ dl, Espirometria forzada y Gasometría arterial en reposo e hiperoxia normales, la ECCTT muestra hipertensión pulmonar leve (35,85±3,64mmHg), aumento de grosor del VD (0,51±0,08), TAPSE (2,94±3,85mmHg) y el índice de Tei (0,44±0,22) normales. Los casos (n 40), la edad promedio (48,43±8,08 años), predominio masculino y sobrepeso (IMC 29,54±3,41kg / m2), procedente de La Paz 3.600 msnm (56%), Potosí 4.000 msnm (24%), El Alto 4.100 msnm (13%) y Oruro 3.800 msnm (7%), Hematocrito 63,08±6,2%, Hemoglobina 21,01±2,01gr/dl con eritrotrocitosis, espirometría forzada normal, gasometría arterial en reposo con hipoxemia moderada (PaO2 51,73±4,68mmHg), hipocapnia (PaCO2 27,62±2,04mmHg) y gradiente Alveolo-arterial aumentado (7,61±3,15). Gasometría arterial en hiperoxia descarta shunt (PaO2 308,9±52,58mmHg), el ECG muestra 2 de 11 criterios de crecimiento VD, la ECCTT con hipertensión pulmonar moderada (PSAP 45,22±5,69mmHg), aumento de grosor del VD (0,73±0,22), TAPSE (2,08±0,18cm), normal e índice de Tei (0,51±0,10) ligeramente aumentado. Se concluyó que la función ventricular derecha se encuentra conservada, a pesar de tener hipertensión pulmonar leve (controles) y moderada (casos), con aumento del grosor del ventrículo derecho.


Those genetically adapted to the height are the Tibetans, Sherpas, and Ethiopians; the Aymara and Quechuas are acclimatized (Bolivia, Peru, and northern Chile). In Bolivia, chronic mountain sickness affects 10% of the male population. The objective was to determine the right ventricular function in healthy residents with chronic mountain sickness using transthoracic echocardiography. Use the healthy and chronically ill mountain participants admitted by the IBBA, from 2012 to 2013. The variables taken are demographic, forced spirometry, arterial blood gas at rest and hyperoxia, ECG, and ECCTT. Controls (n 40), average age (44.13 ± 9.69 years), male predominance and overweight (BMI 26.27 ± 6.68kg / m2), frequency from La Paz 3,600 masl (54%), Potosí 4,000 masl (22%), El Alto 4,100 masl (15%) and Oruro 3,800 masl (9%), the average Hematocrit 51.34 ± 2.91%, hemoglobin 17.15 ± 0.89gr / dl, Forced spirometry y Resting arterial blood gas and normal hyperoxia, ECCTT shows mild pulmonary hypertension (35.85 ± 3.64 mmHg), increased RV thickness (0.51 ± 0.08), TAPSE (2.94 ± 3.85 mmHg ) and the Tei index (0.44 ± 0.22) normal. The cases (n 40), the average age (48.43 ± 8.08 years), male predominance and overweight (BMI 29.54 ± 3.41kg / m2), derived from La Paz 3,600 masl (56%), Potosí 4,000 masl (24%), El Alto 4,100 masl (13%) and Oruro 3,800 masl (7%), Hematocrit 63.08 ± 6.2%, Hemoglobin 21.01 ± 2.01gr / dl with erythrocytosis, normal forced spirometry , resting arterial blood gas with moderate hypoxemia (PaO2 51.73 ± 4.68mmHg), hypocapnia (PaCO2 27.62 ± 2.04mmHg) and increased Alveolo-arterial gradient (7.61 ± 3.15). Arterial blood gas in hyperoxia rules out shunt (PaO2 308.9 ± 52.58mmHg), ECG shows 2 of 11 RV growth criteria, ECCTT with moderate pulmonary hypertension (PSAP 45.22 ± 5.69mmHg), increased RV thickness (0.73 ± 0.22), TAPSE (2.08 ± 0.18cm), normal and Tei index (0.51 ± 0.10) slightly increased. It was concluded that the right ventricular function is preserved, a weight of having mild pulmonary hypertension (controls) and moderate (cases), with increased thickness of the right ventricle.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Adaptation, Physiological/genetics , Ventricular Function, Right/physiology , Altitude Sickness , Reference Values , Spirometry/methods , Blood Gas Analysis , Bolivia , Echocardiography , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Indigenous Peoples
3.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 71(6): 537-544, dic. 2019. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058315

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La hiperhidrosis palmar primaria es un problema médico frecuente. Minimizar la invasión, simplificar y estandarizar la técnica supone mejores resultados. Objetivo: Evaluar eficacia y seguridad con la aplicación de nuestra técnica simplificada y estandarizada, a través de su impacto en los resultados trans y postoperatorio para la hiperhidrosis palmar primaria (HPP). Materiales y Método: Se realiza estudio observacional que evalúa los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de nuestra técnica estandarizada para el tratamiento de HPP. El universo está constituido por 359 pacientes intervenidos entre 2007 y 2011. El control hasta los 5 años fue posible en 298, los que constituyeron la muestra definitiva. Resultados: Se analizaron 298 pacientes (596 procedimientos). En el transoperatorio solo 3 pacientes (1%) presentaron alguna complicación. El manejo del dolor torácico fue la mayor dificultad inmediata a la cirugía, con 61,7% de dolor moderado y 15,2% severo. Último control a 5 años con curación en el 99,7% y una recidiva. Los índices de satisfacción se muestran en rango excelente según encuestas validadas. Manejo ambulatorio en 99%. Discusión: Aplicar intubación endotraqueal simple permite extrapolar ventajas ya conocidas de esta técnica y menos complicaciones respiratorias, suspensiones, uso de recursos costosos o personal muy calificado. La combinación de simplificar aspectos quirúrgicos y anestésicos permitieron estandarizar y simplificar nuestra técnica y con ello: no necesitar drenajes pleurales, menos dolor, recuperación casi inmediata de la fisiología respiratoria y alta precoz. Conclusión: Combinar el empleo de tubo endotraqueal simple y oxigenación apneíca con minimizar la invasión quirúrgica: puerto único, sin drenaje pleural y manejo ambulatorio constituyen una práctica segura para la simpatectomía torácica endoscópica, con mejores resultados postoperatorios, una vez logrado en entrenamiento necesario.


Introduction: Primary palmar hyperhidrosis is a frequent medical problem. Minimizing invasion, simplifying and standardizing technique means better results. Aim: To evaluate efficacy and safety with the application of our simplified and standardized technique, through its impact on trans and post-operative outcomes for primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH). Minimizing approach, simplifying and standardizing the technique should lead to better outcomes. Materials and Method: An observational study is carried out to evaluate the outcomes obtained with the application of our standardized technique for the treatment of PPH. The universe constituted by 359 patients treated between 2007 and 2011. Control up to 5 years was possible in 298, which constituted the definitive sample. Results: 298 patients (596 procedures) were analyzed. In the transoperative only 3 patients (1%) report minor complication. Thoracic pain management was the greatest difficulty immediate to surgery, with 61.7% moderate pain and 15.2% severe. Satisfaction indexes in excellent range according to validated surveys. Outpatient management in 99%. Discussion: Simple intubation avoids respiratory complications, suspensions, use of expensive resources or highly qualified personnel. Early pain relief, non-uses of pleural tubes or antibiotics allows rapid recovery and early discharge due to simplification and standardization of the technique. Conclusion: The use of simple endotraqueal tube and oxygenation in apnea, single port, without pleural drainage or antibiotics and ambulatory is a safe practice for endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy, once achieved in necessary training.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Care/methods , Reference Standards , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Hand/surgery , Hyperhidrosis/surgery , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Surgical Procedures, Operative/adverse effects , Hyperhidrosis/therapy
4.
Protein Eng Des Sel ; 29(6): 197-207, 2016 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27099353

ABSTRACT

GumK is a membrane-associated glucuronosyltransferase of Xanthomonas campestris that is involved in xanthan gum biosynthesis. GumK belongs to the inverting GT-B superfamily and catalyzes the transfer of a glucuronic acid (GlcA) residue from uridine diphosphate (UDP)-GlcA (UDP-GlcA) to a lipid-PP-trisaccharide embedded in the membrane of the bacteria. The structure of GumK was previously described in its apo- and UDP-bound forms, with no significant conformational differences being observed. Here, we study the behavior of GumK toward its donor substrate UDP-GlcA. Turbidity measurements revealed that the interaction of GumK with UDP-GlcA produces aggregation of protein molecules under specific conditions. Moreover, limited proteolysis assays demonstrated protection of enzymatic digestion when UDP-GlcA is present, and this protection is promoted by substrate binding. Circular dichroism spectroscopy also revealed changes in the GumK tertiary structure after UDP-GlcA addition. According to the obtained emission fluorescence results, we suggest the possibility of exposure of hydrophobic residues upon UDP-GlcA binding. We present in silico-built models of GumK complexed with UDP-GlcA as well as its analogs UDP-glucose and UDP-galacturonic acid. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we also show that a relative movement between the domains appears to be specific and to be triggered by UDP-GlcA. The results presented here strongly suggest that GumK undergoes a conformational change upon donor substrate binding, likely bringing the two Rossmann fold domains closer together and triggering a change in the N-terminal domain, with consequent generation of the acceptor substrate binding site.


Subject(s)
Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism , Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid/metabolism , Xanthomonas campestris/enzymology , Binding Sites , Glucuronosyltransferase/chemistry , Molecular Docking Simulation , Molecular Dynamics Simulation , Protein Aggregates , Protein Binding , Protein Conformation , Xanthomonas campestris/chemistry , Xanthomonas campestris/metabolism
5.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26764707

ABSTRACT

We introduce shape variations in a liquid-crystalline system by considering an elementary Maier-Saupe lattice model for a mixture of uniaxial and biaxial molecules. Shape variables are treated in the annealed (thermalized) limit. We analyze the thermodynamic properties of this system in terms of temperature T, concentration c of intrinsically biaxial molecules, and a parameter Δ associated with the degree of biaxiality of the molecules. At the mean-field level, we use standard techniques of statistical mechanics to draw global phase diagrams, which are shown to display a rich structure, including uniaxial and biaxial nematic phases, a reentrant ordered region, and many distinct multicritical points. Also, we use the formalism to write an expansion of the free energy in order to make contact with the Landau-de Gennes theory of nematic phase transitions.

6.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys ; 90(5-1): 052112, 2014 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25493745

ABSTRACT

We consider an Ising model on the triangular Apollonian network (AN), with a thermalized distribution of vacant sites. The statistical problem is formulated in a grand canonical ensemble, in terms of the temperature T and a chemical potential µ associated with the concentration of active magnetic sites. We use a well-known transfer-matrix method, with a number of adaptations, to write recursion relations between successive generations of this hierarchical structure. We also investigate the analogous model on the diamond hierarchical lattice (DHL). From the numerical analysis of the recursion relations, we obtain various thermodynamic quantities. In the µâ†’∞ limit, we reproduce the results for the uniform models: in the AN, the system is magnetically ordered at all temperatures, while in the DHL there is a ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition at a finite value of T. Magnetic ordering, however, is shown to disappear for sufficiently large negative values of the chemical potential.

7.
Protein Expr Purif ; 101: 42-53, 2014 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24927643

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the structural and biophysical characteristics of GumB and GumC, two Xanthomonas campestris membrane proteins that are involved in xanthan biosynthesis. Xanthan is an exopolysaccharide that is thought to be a virulence factor that contributes to bacterial in planta growth. It also is one of the most important industrial biopolymers. The first steps of xanthan biosynthesis are well understood, but the polymerization and export mechanisms remain unclear. For this reason, the key proteins must be characterized to better understand these processes. Here we characterized, by biochemical and biophysical techniques, GumB, the outer membrane polysaccharide export protein, and GumC, the polysaccharide co-polymerase protein of the xanthan biosynthesis system. Our results suggested that recombinant GumB is a tetrameric protein in solution. On the other hand, we observed that both native and recombinant GumC present oligomeric conformation consistent with dimers and higher-order oligomers. The transmembrane segments of GumC are required for GumC expression and/or stability. These initial results provide a starting point for additional studies that will clarify the roles of GumB and GumC in the xanthan polymerization and export processes and further elucidate their functions and mechanisms of action.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism , Xanthomonas campestris/enzymology , Amino Acid Sequence , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/analysis , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/chemistry , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Carrier Proteins/analysis , Carrier Proteins/chemistry , Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/biosynthesis , Proteolysis , Recombinant Fusion Proteins/analysis , Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry , Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics , Xanthomonas campestris/genetics , Xanthomonas campestris/metabolism
8.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr;52(2): 89-92, jun. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-715178

ABSTRACT

Parkinson's disease presents its particular complications and others associated with pharmacological therapy. In this report we present an 80 year-old patient with Parkinson's disease, who having a febrile syndrome decides to suspend his usual antiparkinsonian treatment. As a consequence an exacerbation of their extrapyramidal symptoms appear and his fever syndrome persists without infectious focus. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome variant with fatal outcome was concluded.


La Enfermedad de Parkinson presenta complicaciones propias de su patología y asociadas a su terapia farmacológica. Presentamos un paciente de 80 años con Enfermedad de Parkinson, que debuta con un síndrome febril por lo que suspende su tratamiento antiparkinsoniano habitual. Como consecuencia, se agrega exacerbación de su clínica extrapiramidal, persistiendo su cuadro febril sin foco infeccioso. Se concluye variante del Síndrome Neuroléptico Maligno con resolución fatal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease , Patients , Fatal Outcome , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
9.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter ; 35(2): 14, 2012 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22367603

ABSTRACT

We analyze the global phase diagram of a Maier-Saupe lattice model with the inclusion of shape-disordered degrees of freedom to mimic a mixture of oblate and prolate molecules (discs and cylinders). In the neighborhood of a Landau multicritical point, solutions of the statistical problem can be written as a Landau-de Gennes expansion for the free energy. If the shape-disordered degrees of freedom are quenched, we confirm the existence of a biaxial nematic structure. If orientational and disorder degrees of freedom are allowed to thermalize, this biaxial solution becomes thermodynamically unstable. Also, we use a two-temperature formalism to mimic the presence of two distinct relaxation times, and show that a slight departure from complete thermalization is enough to stabilize a biaxial nematic phase.


Subject(s)
Physics/methods , Algorithms , Liquid Crystals , Models, Statistical , Phase Transition , Solutions , Temperature , Thermodynamics
10.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter ; 35(1): 4, 2012 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22270454

ABSTRACT

We use Z-scan technique to investigate the nonlinear optical response of the thermotropic liquid crystal E7 in the neighborhood of the nematic-isotropic phase transition. The analysis of the data for the nonlinear optical birefringence is compatible with an effective critical exponent of the order parameter, ß = 0.28 ± 0.03, which is close to the classical value, ß = 0.25 , for a tricritical point. The nonlinear optical absorption in the nematic range depends on the geometrical configuration of the nematic director with respect to the polarization beam, and vanishes in the isotropic phase.


Subject(s)
Liquid Crystals/chemistry , Models, Chemical , Birefringence , Phase Transition
11.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys ; 83(1 Pt 1): 011701, 2011 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21405699

ABSTRACT

We investigate the phase diagram of a discrete version of the Maier-Saupe model with the inclusion of additional degrees of freedom to mimic a distribution of rodlike and disklike molecules. Solutions of this problem on a Bethe lattice come from the analysis of the fixed points of a set of nonlinear recursion relations. Besides the fixed points associated with isotropic and uniaxial nematic structures, there is also a fixed point associated with a biaxial nematic structure. Due to the existence of large overlaps of the stability regions, we resorted to a scheme to calculate the free energy of these structures deep in the interior of a large Cayley tree. Both thermodynamic and dynamic-stability analyses rule out the presence of a biaxial phase, in qualitative agreement with previous mean-field results.

12.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys ; 81(6 Pt 1): 062701, 2010 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20866462

ABSTRACT

We consider a simple Maier-Saupe statistical model with the inclusion of disorder degrees of freedom to mimic the phase diagram of a mixture of rodlike and disklike molecules. A quenched distribution of shapes leads to a phase diagram with two uniaxial and a biaxial nematic structure. A thermalized distribution, however, which is more adequate to liquid mixtures, precludes the stability of this biaxial phase. We then use a two-temperature formalism, and assume a separation of relaxation times, to show that a partial degree of annealing is already sufficient to stabilize a biaxial nematic structure.

13.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys ; 73(5 Pt 2): 056117, 2006 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16803008

ABSTRACT

We obtain exact expressions for the two-time autocorrelation and response functions of the -dimensional linear Glauber model. Although this linear model does not obey detailed balance in dimensions d > or = 2, we show that the usual form of the fluctuation-dissipation ratio still holds in the stationary regime. In the transient regime, we show the occurrence of aging, with a special limit of the fluctuation-dissipation ratio, x(infinity) = 1/2, for a quench at the critical point.

14.
Bol. Hosp. Viña del Mar ; 61(3/4): 116-22, dic. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-420776

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la apendicitis aguda es la patología quirúrgica más frecuente, estimada que un 7 por ciento de la población será intervenida por esta causa. La distribución de esta enfermedad es igual para ambos sexos, siendo más frecuente en rangos de edad que fluctúan entre 10 a 30 años. Su incidencia es notoriamente menor en mayores de 50 años. Destaca que en este grupo el diagnóstico se realiza en forma tardía esto sumado a comorbilidad asociada, conduciría a rangos de complicaciones más elevados, sumado a mortalidad considerable (4-8 por ciento). Material y Método: se realiza un estudio retrospectivo de los casos egresados con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda entre Enero de 1998 y Diciembre de 2002. Se registraron los datos demográficos, quirúrgicos y médicos. Resultados: la serie presentada (61 casos) tuvo una distribución por sexos similar para ambos grupos. El promedio de comorbilidades por pacientes fue de 1,3 siendo la más frecuente la hipertensión arterial. Al ingreso se diagnosticó apendicitis aguda en un 56 por ciento de los casos. El cuadro clásico se presentó en un 13 por ciento de los casos. La latencia entre el inicio del cuadro clínico y el momento de la consulta fue en promedio de 6,3 días. El rango de perforación observado alcanzó el 47,3 por ciento, la peritonitis un 54 por ciento y el plastrón 36,8 por ciento. Se observó un 42,1 por ciento de complicaciones. La mortalidad de la serie fue en promedio 3,5 por ciento. Discusión: La serie presentada refleja la dificultad en el diagnóstico y el manejo de los pacientes mayores de 60 años de edad que presentan cuadros de apendicitis aguda. Los resultados refuerzan la necesidad de un alto índice de sospecha diagnóstica para este grupo etáreo, en el que la apendicitis aguda aparece como un fantasma en cualquier caso de dolor abdominal o íleo del paciente mayor.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Appendicitis/surgery , Appendicitis/pathology , Comorbidity , Abdominal Pain/complications , Acute Disease , Physical Examination/methods , Retrospective Studies , Signs and Symptoms
15.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;22(4): 379-379, dic. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-427729
16.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;22(3): 247-250, sept. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-417346

ABSTRACT

La reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) ha demostrado ser una alternativa sensible para el diagnóstico de enfermedad por M. pneumoniae proporcionando resultados en forma oportuna. Sin embargo, no se conoce bien la frecuencia de portación o la persistencia de este microorganismo en la faringe luego de una enfermedad respiratoria en niños, factores que podrían limitar la utilidad de este procedimiento de diagnóstico. Con el objeto de conocer la frecuencia de portación silenciosa de M. pneumoniae en niños, se estudiaron mediante RPC muestras faríngeas de 185 niños sin signos ni síntomas de infección respiratoria, enrolados en dos consultorios de la Región Metropolitana, Chile, entre septiembre de 2002 y agosto de 2003. M. pneumoniae fue detectado en 4 (2,16%) niños. Las muestras positivas podrían representar portación o persistencia post enfermedad de M. pneumoniae.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Pharynx/microbiology , Age Distribution , Chile , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Polymerase Chain Reaction
17.
Rev Chilena Infectol ; 22(3): 247-50, 2005 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16077892

ABSTRACT

PCR has become a sensitive option for the rapid detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory specimens, but little is known of the frequency of its asymptomatic carriage or persistence in the throat after Mycoplasma disease in healthy children. To investigate the frequency of asymptomatic carriage of M. pneumoniae in children, we studied by PCR throat specimens from 185 respiratory asymptomatic children aged 1-14 years, enrolled at two pediatric ambulatory health services of Santiago, Chile from September 2002 through August 2003. M. pneumoniae DNA was detected in 4 (2.16%) children. Positive specimens could represent either asymptomatic carriage or persistence of the organism from a previous disease.


Subject(s)
Carrier State/diagnosis , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Pharynx/microbiology , Adolescent , Age Distribution , Carrier State/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Chile , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction
18.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;22(1): 38-46, mar. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-417241

ABSTRACT

La encefalitis herpética es la causa más frecuente de encefalitis esporádica en el mundo occidental. Para conocer las principales características clínicas de esta enfermedad en nuestro medio, se efectuó un análisis de casos confirmados por reacción de polimerasa en cadena en dos hospitales universitarios de Santiago. Un total de 15 casos pudo ser identificado con un promedio de edad de 41 años (5-78 años) y 80% ³ 30 años, el primero de ellos el año 1998. La mayor parte se presentó con fiebre y compromiso de conciencia (80% cada uno) o cefalea (67%). Las convulsiones y la focalización fueron infrecuentes (£ 15%) y sólo 2 casos (13%) tuvieron además una manifestación herpética extracerebral. La duración promedio de los síntomas fue de 3,8 días. La mayor parte estuvo asociada al serotipo 1 (86,7%). El 91,7% de los casos evaluados presentó alteraciones electroencefalográficas, 81,8% alteraciones en la resonancia magnética y sólo 13,3% en la tomografía axial computarizada. La totalidad de los pacientes fue tratada con aciclovir y la letalidad fue de 13,3%, aunque el deceso en un paciente con SIDA y linfoma del SNC no pudo ser atribuido a la infección herpética. Seis pacientes (40%) presentaban secuelas neurológicas al momento del egreso. La muerte o alteraciones neurológicas al alta estuvieron asociadas significativamente a un inicio del tratamiento > 3 días desde el inicio de los síntomas. (p = 0,01 prueba bilateral de Fisher).


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/cerebrospinal fluid , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/drug therapy , Herpesvirus 1, Human/isolation & purification , /isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction
19.
Bol. Hosp. Viña del Mar ; 60(2): 80-90, jun. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-391121

ABSTRACT

La apendicitis aguda continúa siendo la patología quirúrgica más frecuente en el mundo. Una de sus formas de presentación es la masa apendicular, que ocurre en la mayoría de los casos tras la perforación del apéndice cecal. Esta definición incluye los plastrones y los abscesos apendiculares. Dicha situación se produce en un 2 a 10 por ciento de las apendicitis agudas. Existe acuerdo sobre la terapia inicial conservadora con antibioterapia y fluidoterapia, además del drenaje de las posibles colecciones. La apendicectomía en el abordaje inicial no se recomienda. Dentro del manejo de esta patología, la apendicectomía de itervalo sigue siendo motivo de controversia entre distintos autores, existiendo comunicaciones recientes que no recomiendan la realización de éste procedimiento. No se conoce la realidad del manejo de esta entidad en nuestro hospital, además no existen comunicaciones sobre masa apendicular en nuestro país.


Subject(s)
Humans , Abscess/surgery , Appendectomy , Appendicitis/surgery , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Chile , Drainage
20.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 69(5): 368-371, 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-400432

ABSTRACT

Presentamos una serie de 6 pacientes con eyaculación retrógrada tratados en la Unidad de Medicina Reproductiva de Clínica Alemana discutiendo su etiología, criterios diagnósticos y alternativas terapéuticas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Ejaculation , Ejaculation/physiology , Infertility, Male/etiology , Lymph Node Excision , Transurethral Resection of Prostate/adverse effects , Semen
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