ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Among elderly with severe aortic stenosis (AS), Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) originally contributed to address to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients not suitable to surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR). Nevertheless, TAVI has recently been proposed also in lower surgical risk patients. AIMS: To evaluate predictors of TAVI procedure and clinical outcomes among these patients. METHODS: For each patient ≥ 65 years with severe AS referring to our Cardiac Surgery Division, CGA was performed, including functional and cognitive status, comorbidity burden, frailty, nutritional status, gait speed, hand-grip strength and number of medications. Surgical risk was evaluated according to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score (low-risk < 4%). Post-procedural outcomes (30-day survival and post-procedural complications) were obtained by medical records and a one-year follow-up assessed survival, and functional and cognitive performance. RESULTS: Among 154 subjects (mean age 82.9 years), 52 were at low-risk according to STS score. 32 patients were addressed to TAVI, 20 to SAVR. Variables significantly associated with TAVI-approach were lower gait speed (p 0.030) and higher number of medications (p 0.015). Short and long-term outcomes did not differ between groups. DISCUSSION: Among CGA variables, gait speed and number of medications were associated with the decision to perform TAVI instead of SAVR, even in patients at low surgical risk. 30-day and one-year survival and one-year functional and cognitive decline were similar between groups, despite a relevant prevalence of frailty in the TAVI group. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that gait speed and number of medications should be considered in selecting appropriate candidates to TAVI among low surgical risk patients.
Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Aged, 80 and over , Aortic Valve Stenosis/physiopathology , Clinical Decision-Making , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Female , Gait/physiology , Humans , Male , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
AIMS: Coronary artery disease (CAD) negatively affects prognosis in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement, being currently evaluated in the most common used risk score. Our meta-analysis aims to clarify the prognostic role of CAD on mid-term survival in patients undergoing TAVI. METHODS AND RESULTS: Studies reporting multivariate predictors of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing TAVI were systematically searched for and pooled, when appropriate, using a random-effect method. 960 citations were first screened and finally 7 studies (2472 patients) were included. Diagnosis of CAD was reported in 52%(42-65) of patients and 1169 Edwards SAPIEN and 1303 CoreValve prostheses were implanted. After a median follow up of 452 days (357-585) 24% of patients (19-33) died, and 23 (14-32) for cardiovascular death. At pooled analysis of multivariate approach, diagnosis of coronary artery disease did not increase risk of death (OR 1.0, 95% CI, confidence interval, 0.67-1.50 I(2) 0%). CONCLUSION: CAD does not affect mid-term TAVI outcome: this finding should be weighted to accurately evaluate risk and strategies for patients with severe aortic stenosis.
