[MR morphometry in epileptology: progress and perspectives]. / Primenenie MR-morfometrii v epileptologii: dostizheniya i perspektivy.

Morphometric MRI analysis improves neuroimaging of structural changes in epilepsy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate diagnostic potential of MR brain morphometry in neurosurgical epileptology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An interdisciplinary working group reviewed the studies devoted to MR morphometry in epileptology as a part of state assignment No. 056-00119-22-00. Study subject was trials of MR-morphometry in epilepsy. Searching for literature data was conducted in international and national databases between 2017 and 2022 using certain keywords. Final analysis included 36 publications. RESULTS: Currently, MR brain morphometry allows measurement of cortical volume and thickness, surface area and depth of furrows, as well as analysis of cortical tortuosity and fractal changes. In neurosurgical epileptology, MR-morphometry has the greatest diagnostic value in MR-negative epilepsy. This method simplifies preoperative diagnosis and reduces costs. CONCLUSION: Morphometry in neurosurgical epileptology is an additional method for verifying the epileptogenic zone. Automated programs simplify application of this method.

[Gender differences in the volume of brain structures in the aspect of physiological aging.]

The aim of the work was to clarify the gender, age and variable differences in the structure of brain structures in healthy volunteers in connection with the task of distinguishing between physiological aging and pathological processes of the brain. The study methods included performing structural MRI of the brain in 131 conditionally healthy volunteers aged 20 to 70 years (72 of them were women and 59 men). Using the method of MR voxel-based morphometry, the total volume of the brain as a whole, as well as its segmented parts, was measured, followed by a comparison of the data obtained in age subgroups and between the sexes. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate that the right and left thalamuses, the left caudate nucleus, the right shell, the left pale ball, and both hippocampus undergo the greatest reduction in size after 60 years. The greatest changes in the hippocampus are the volumes of CA3 Brodman fields. It is established that the process of «physiological aging¼ of the brain.