Pustulosis palmoplantar, cervicalgia e hiperostosis clavicular / Palmoplantar pustolisis, cervicoalgia, and clavicular hyperostosis

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Rotura espontánea de los tendones extensores de la muñeca y la mano en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Estudio retrospectivo / Spontaneous rupture of extensor tendons in the hands of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A retrospective study

Fundamento: La rotura espontánea de los tendones extensores de la mano es una complicación relativamente frecuente en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) de larga evolución. Por ello es importante conocer los factores locales predisponentes para la rotura espontánea, así como las posibilidades quirúrgicas, las complicaciones y los resultados de la reconstrucción de los tendones afectados. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes con AR seguidos en nuestro hospital y diagnosticados de rotura espontánea de tendones extensores de la mano desde octubre de 1995 hasta diciembre de 2000. Se identificó un total de 18 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente con un seguimiento adecuado de al menos un año. Se describen los factores locales predisponentes, el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad desde el diagnóstico hasta que ocurrió la rotura, el tiempo de espera hasta la cirugía, las opciones quirúrgicas, las complicaciones y el resultado funcional (basado en el test de función de la mano de Jebsen). Resultados: Los factores locales predisponentes más frecuentes fueron la inestabilidad cubital distal y la tenosinovitis crónica de extensores (presentes en el 61% de los casos). El tiempo medio de evolución de la enfermedad hasta que ocurrió la rotura espontánea fue de 122 ± 73,19 meses, con un tiempo medio de espera desde el diagnóstico de la rotura hasta la cirugía reparadora de 2,38 ± 1,75 meses. La opción quirúrgica más frecuentemente realizada consistió en la transferencia del tendón extensor propio del índice al cabo roto y sutura término-lateral (en el 55,5% de los pacientes). Las complicaciones posquirúrgicas se observaron en 3 pacientes (16,6%). El resultado funcional fue excelente o bueno en 16 pacientes (89%) y se consideró regular en 2 pacientes (11%). Discusión: Es importante identificar a los pacientes con AR que presentan inestabilidad radiocubital distal y tenosinovitis crónica de extensores de la mano por el riesgo de rotura espontánea de dichos tendones. Una valoración conjunta y consensuada con un cirujano ortopédico y un rehabilitador con especial dedicación a enfermos con AR ayuda a una cirugía temprana y unos resultados favorables en la mayoría de los casos (AU)

Background: Spontaneous rupture of extensor tendons in the hand is a relatively frequent complication in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Consequently, it is important to consider local risk factors, treatment options, complications, and functional results after surgery. Material and methods:: A retrospective study of all the patients with RA diagnosed with spontaneous extensor tendon ruptures in the hand in our hospital between October 1995 and December 2000 was performed. Eighteen patients with a follow-up of at least one year after surgery were selected. The following data were analyzed: local risk factors, interval between diagnosis and rupture, time to reconstructive surgery, treatment options, and complications and functional results after surgery (according to Jebsen’s test of hand function). Results: The most common risk factors were distal ulnar instability and chronic dorsal tenosynovitis (61%). The mean disease duration until tendon rupture was 122 ± 73.19 months, whereas the mean period before surgery was 2.38 ± 1.75 months. The preferred surgical option was terminolateral suture and extensor indicis proprius transfer for ruptured tendon (55%). Postsurgical complications were observed in 3 patients (16.6%). Functional results were excellent or good in 16 patients (89%). Discussion: In patients with RA, distal ulnar instability and chronic dorsal tenosynovitis are significant risk factors for spontaneous tendon rupture in the hand. A multidisciplinary approach, involving the rheumatologist, orthopedic surgeon and therapist, is crucial for prompt surgery and good functional results (AU)

Síndrome SAPHO / Shapo syndrome

El Síndrome SAPHO está constituido por la asociación de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas y varias condiciones dermatológicas. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 39 años que cumple criterios de SAPHO. Aunque el tratamiento de estos pacientes aún no está claro, es importante hacer el diagnóstico de Síndrome de SAPHO para realizar las investigaciones necesarias e instaurar tratamiento (AU)

Radiología en la artritis reumatoide / Radiology in rheumatoid arthritis

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[Usefulness of hepatic biopsy in an internal medicine service]. / Utilidad de la biopsia hepática en un servicio de Medicina Interna.

OBJECTIVES: Study the percentage of clinical successes which have been confirmed by percutaneous hepatic biopsy guided by echography (PHBE) in those diseases which can affect the liver in an Internal Medicine service. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 78 patients were chosen for this study. All of them were admitted to hospital during the last eight years. Each patient had had a PHBE made regarding clinical, analytical and echographic criteria that were necessary to conclude their diagnostic studies. They were distributed into different groups. RESULTS: Patients could be distributed into five different groups. There was a higher percentage of clinical successes on those who suffered from chronic hepatopathy derived from alcohol-addiction and on those with carcinomatous hepatopathies. When corroborating the diagnosis of clinical suspect, the diagnostic profitability of the biopsy proved to get down in the others groups, depending on it was the group of miscellaneous, dissociate cholestasis and, in the last place, unknownly originated fever. CONCLUSIONS: The diversity of diseases which can affect the liver in an Internal Medicine service gives PHBE a particular diagnostic character. The diagnosis of clinical suspect was confirmed in 78.2% of the total of cases that made up the different groups. Therefore, PHBE plays a main role in a large amount of hepatic repercussive diseases that are treated in Internal Medicine services where, despite the clinical suspect, a diagnostic corroboration is often required for a right treatment.

[An echocardiographic study of the aortic root in ankylosing spondylitis]. / Estudio ecocardiográfico de la raíz aórtica en la espondilitis anquilosante.

The inflammatory condition in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may affect cardiac structures, being the aortic valve mostly studied. Several studies regard the existence of a subaortic ridging as specific for AS. Our objective was to assess abnormalities in the aortic root in AS using echocardiography and its relation to HLA B-27 and clinical parameters of the disease. Thirty patients with no clinical, radiographic or electrocardiographic evidence of cardiovascular disease were studied by monodimensional, bidimensional and Doppler echocardiography. After an initial ultrasound examination to detect subclinical cardiac abnormalities, aortic root dimensions were measured at the aortic annulus, at the tip of the cusps and 1 cm above the cusps. The existence of subaortic ridging was assessed using bidimensional echocardiography. As clinical parameters were estimated duration of AS, sacroiliac joint X-ray involvement and activity of disease. The results are compared with those in a control group of thirty healthy people with same age, sex and corporal surface. No statistical differences were observed in the mean values of aortic root dimensions between the two groups; in patients with AS were not seen significant differences in the echocardiographic measurements related to clinical parameters or HLA B-27. Only in one patient was observed the characteristic subaortic ridging (4%, NS compared to control group). We conclude, in contrast to other authors, that in patients with AS without cardiovascular disease echocardiographic examination of aortic root does not detect significant abnormalities.