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1.
Nutr. hosp ; 32(3): 1107-1115, sept. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-142474

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la calidad de las grasas podría influir en el control metabólico de los sujetos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivos: determinar la relación entre la ingesta y la calidad de los ácidos grasos de la dieta con el perfil lipídico, el control metabólico, la funcionalidad de las células β pancreáticas y la sensibilidad a la insulina en sujetos con DM2. Métodos: se estudió a 54 sujetos con DM2, se realizaron determinaciones antropométricas, de composición corporal e ingesta dietética de lípidos, ácidos grasos saturados (AGS), trans, monoinsaturados, poliinsaturados, omega 3, omega 6 y colesterol dietario. Se determinaron los parámetros de laboratorio relacionados con el control metabólico (glicemia de ayuno, hemoglobina glicada, perfil lipídico). La secreción de insulina y la sensibilidad a la insulina se determinaron con el test intravenoso de tolerancia a la glucosa modificado con insulina, basado en el modelo mínimo de Bergman. Resultados: se estudió a 28 hombres y 26 mujeres (edad 55,6 ± 6,8 años; IMC 29,5 ± 3,7 kg/m2 ). Un 48% presentaba c-LDL < 100 mg/dl, el 12,9% de los hombres c-HDL > 40 mg/dl y el 7,4% de las mujeres c-HDL > 50 mg/dl. El 32% consumía > 10% de AGS y > 300 mg/día de colesterol dietario. La ingesta de AGS y el porcentaje de calorías grasas (G%) mostraron una asociación positiva significativa con la resistencia a la insulina y la glicemia. El G% predice en un 84% la variabilidad del c-VLDL. Conclusiones: en los sujetos con DM2, una mayor ingesta de AGS y de grasas se asocia con valores superiores de glicemia y de resistencia a la insulina (AU)


Introduction: the quality of fats could influence the metabolic control of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). Objectives: to determine the relationship between intake and quality of dietary fatty acids to lipid profile, metabolic control, functionality of pancreatic β cells and insulin sensivity in subjects with DM2. Methods: we studied 54 subjects with DM2, anthropometric measurements were performed, body composition and dietary lipid intake, saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega 3, omega 6 and dietary cholesterol. Laboratory parameters related to their metabolic control were determined (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profile). The insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity was determined with the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test according to the Bergman’s minimal model. Results: 28 men and 26 women were studied (BMI of 29.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2; age 55.6 ± 6.8 y.), 48% had LDL-C 40 mg/dL and 7.4% of women c-HDL > 50 mg/dL. 32% consumed > 10% of AGS and > 300 mg/day of dietary cholesterol. The SFA intake and percentage of calories from fat (G%) were significantly associated with insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose concentration. The G% predicted 84% variability on c-VLDL. Conclusions: in patients with DM2 a greater intake of fat and saturated fatty acids it associated with greater fasting glycemia and insulin resistance (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Lipids/blood , Insulin-Secreting Cells , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Diet, High-Fat , Insulin Resistance , Glucose Tolerance Test
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(3): 1107-15, 2015 Sep 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26319827

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: the quality of fats could influence the metabolic control of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). OBJECTIVES: to determine the relationship between intake and quality of dietary fatty acids to lipid profile, metabolic control, functionality of pancreatic cells and insulin sensivity in subjects with DM2. METHODS: we studied 54 subjects with DM2, anthropometric measurements were performed, body composition and dietary lipid intake, saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega 3, omega 6 and dietary cholesterol. Laboratory parameters related to their metabolic control were determined (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profile). The insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity was determined with the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test according to the Bergman's minimal model. RESULTS: 28 men and 26 women were studied (BMI of 29.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2; age 55.6 ± 6.8 y.), 48% had LDL-C < 100 mg/dL, 12.9% of men c-HDL > 40 mg/dL and 7.4% of women c-HDL > 50 mg/dL. 32% consumed > 10% of AGS and > 300 mg/day of dietary cholesterol. The SFA intake and percentage of calories from fat (G%) were significantly associated with insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose concentration. The G% predicted 84% variability on c-VLDL. CONCLUSIONS: in patients with DM2 a greater intake of fat and saturated fatty acids it associated with greater fasting glycemia and insulin resistance.


Introducción: la calidad de las grasas podría influir en el control metabólico de los sujetos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivos: determinar la relación entre la ingesta y la calidad de los ácidos grasos de la dieta con el perfil lipídico, el control metabólico, la funcionalidad de las células pancreáticas y la sensibilidad a la insulina en sujetos con DM2. Métodos: se estudió a 54 sujetos con DM2, se realizaron determinaciones antropométricas, de composición corporal e ingesta dietética de lípidos, ácidos grasos saturados (AGS), trans, monoinsaturados, poliinsaturados, omega 3, omega 6 y colesterol dietario. Se determinaron los parámetros de laboratorio relacionados con el control metabólico (glicemia de ayuno, hemoglobina glicada, perfil lipídico). La secreción de insulina y la sensibilidad a la insulina se determinaron con el test intravenoso de tolerancia a la glucosa modificado con insulina, basado en el modelo mínimo de Bergman. Resultados: se estudió a 28 hombres y 26 mujeres (edad 55,6 ± 6,8 años; IMC 29,5 ± 3,7 kg/m2). Un 48% presentaba c-LDL < 100 mg/dl, el 12,9% de los hombres c-HDL > 40 mg/dl y el 7,4% de las mujeres c-HDL > 50 mg/dl. El 32% consumía > 10% de AGS y > 300 mg/día de colesterol dietario. La ingesta de AGS y el porcentaje de calorías grasas (G%) mostraron una asociación positiva significativa con la resistencia a la insulina y la glicemia. El G% predice en un 84% la variabilidad del c-VLDL. Conclusiones: en los sujetos con DM2, una mayor ingesta de AGS y de grasas se asocia con valores superiores de glicemia y de resistencia a la insulina.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Dietary Fats , Fatty Acids , Insulin Resistance , Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism , Lipids/blood , Biomarkers , Blood Glucose , Body Mass Index , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Energy Intake , Fasting , Female , Humans , Lipid Metabolism , Male
3.
Nutr. hosp ; 31(4): 1566-1573, abr. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-135058

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Actualmente no existe consenso en relación al fraccionamiento, cantidad y calidad de los hidratos de carbono (CHO) que debieran seguir los sujetos diabéticos tipo 2 insulino requirentes (DM2IR). Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el fraccionamiento de la dieta, la calidad de CHO disponibles en cada tiempo de comida y los parámetros de control metabólico en sujetos con DM2IR con una o doble dosis de insulina de acción intermedia. Métodos: Se evaluaron a 40 sujetos con DM2IR, mediante encuestas alimentarias para obtener la cantidad de CHO, índice glicémico (IG), carga glicémica (CG) de los tiempos de comida y el fraccionamiento de la dieta. El control metabólico se determinó por exámenes de laboratorio (hemoglobina glicada; HbA1c, glicemia venosa de ayuno) y glicemias capilares de ayuno (GlicA), preprandiales (GlicPre), postprandiales (GlicPost) y 'antes de dormir' (GlicAd) con hemoglucotest. Se aplicaron análisis estadísticos considerando significativo un p< 0.05. Resultados: Los sujetos realizaban en promedio 4,9 ± 1,1 tiempos de comida. Se encontró asociación entre la CG del almuerzo con la GlicPost (r=0,317; p<0.05) y la GlicAd (r=0,321; p< 0.05). La GlicAd se correlacionó negativamente con el fraccionamiento de la dieta (r = -0,346; p<0,001). Conclusión: El fraccionamiento de la dieta en sujetos DM2IR con una o doble dosis de insulina de acción intermedia podría mejorar la GlicAd (AU)


Introduction: Currently there is no consensus regarding fragmentation, quantity and quality of carbohydrates (CHO) that should be followed by insulin treated type 2 diabetic individuals (ITT2D). Objective: To determine the relationship between the meal times, quality of available CHO in every meal and the metabolic control parameters in ITT2D individuals with a single or double dose of intermediate-acting insulin. Methods: 40 ITT2D individuals were evaluated, using food surveys to obtain the quantity of CHO, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) in every meal and meal times. The metabolic control was determined through lab exams (glycated hemoglobin; HbA1c, venous fasting glycaemia) and fasting (FBG), preprandial (PreG), postprandial (PostG) and bed time (BTG) capilar glycaemia using a glucometer. Statistical analysis were applied considering significant as p<0.05. Results: Individuals recorded an average of 4,9 ± 1,1 meals a day. It was found an asociation between lunch GL and PostG (r=0,317; p<0.05) and BTG (r=0,321; p<0.05) and there was a trend to show lower values of BTG with individuals conducting ≥ 5 meals per day. It was observed that FBG predicts a 65% the variability of HbA1c (r =0,805; r2 =0,648; p<0,001). Conclusion: The meal times in ITT2D individuals with s single or doublé dose of intermédiate-acting insulin could improve BTG (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Dietary Carbohydrates/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Diet, Diabetic/methods , Postprandial Period/physiology , Glycemic Index/physiology , Insulin/therapeutic use , Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
4.
Nutr Hosp ; 31(4): 1566-73, 2015 Apr 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25795942

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Currently there is no consensus regarding fragmentation, quantity and quality of carbohydrates (CHO) that should be followed by insulin treated type 2 diabetic individuals (ITT2D). OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the meal times, quality of available CHO in every meal and the metabolic control parameters in ITT2D individuals with a single or double dose of intermediate-acting insulin. METHODS: 40 ITT2D individuals were evaluated, using food surveys to obtain the quantity of CHO, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) in every meal and meal times. The metabolic control was determined through lab exams (glycated hemoglobin; HbA1c, venous fasting glycaemia) and fasting (FBG), preprandial (PreG), postprandial (PostG) and bed time (BTG) capilar glycaemia using a glucometer. Statistical analysis were applied considering significant as p<0,05. RESULTS: Individuals recorded an average of 4,9 ± 1,1 meals a day. It was found an asociation between lunch GL and Post G (r=0,317; p<0,05) and BTG (r=0,321; p<0,05). BTG was inversely correlated with the meals' distribution (r = -0,346; p<0,05) and there was a trend to show lower values of BTG with individuals conducting ≥5 meals per day. It was observed that FBG predicts a 65%the variability of HbA1c (r =0,805; r2 =0,648; p<0,001). CONCLUSION: The meal times in ITT2D individuals with s single or doublé dose of intermédiate-acting insulin could improve BTG.


Introducción: Actualmente no existe consenso en relación al fraccionamiento, cantidad y calidad de los hidratos de carbono (CHO) que debieran seguir los sujetos diabéticos tipo 2 insulino requirentes (DM2IR). Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el fraccionamiento de la dieta, la calidad de CHO disponibles en cada tiempo de comida y los parámetros de control metabólico en sujetos con DM2IR con una o doble dosis de insulina de acción intermedia. Métodos: Se evaluaron a 40 sujetos con DM2IR, mediante encuestas alimentarias para obtener la cantidad de CHO, índice glicémico (IG), carga glicémica (CG) de los tiempos de comida y el fraccionamiento de la dieta. El control metabólico se determinó por exámenes de laboratorio (hemoglobina glicada; HbA1c, glicemia venosa de ayuno) y glicemias capilares de ayuno (GlicA), preprandiales (GlicPre), postprandiales (GlicPost) y "antes de dormir" (GlicAd) con hemoglucotest. Se aplicaron análisis estadísticos considerando significativo un p.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy , Dietary Carbohydrates , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Hyperglycemia/blood , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Insulin/administration & dosage , Insulin/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged
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