ABSTRACT
Five strains of the genus Bacillus used as components of biological preparations i.e. bacterin SL, biosporin, bactisubtil and subalin were tested for their susceptibility to 38 antimicrobial agents, The strains were simultaneously resistant to 5 antibiotics: astreonam, colistin, penicillin, ceftizoxime and cefuroxime. High susceptibility of the strains to some penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides was recorded. The gene engineered strain B. subtilis 2335(105) marked by the kanamycin resistance gene showed cross resistance to amikacin and tobramycin. Trimetoprim, sulfotrimetoprim and norfloxacin proved to be active against the strains.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacillus/drug effects , Biological Products , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
Data from literature as well as the authors' experimental data on the mechanism of the effect of probiotics from aerobic sporeforming bacteria have been first generalized. The authors made a conclusion that the effect of biopreparations from bacilli is the multifactor process, when bacilli get to the gastrointestinal tract they begin producing biologically active substances which make the immediate effect on pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms as well as activate specific and nonspecific systems of the macroorganism protection. The unknown before phenomenon of bacteria translocation is analyzed in detail as one of the most important factors of activation of non-specific resistance of the macroorganisms. Aerobic sporeforming bacteria produce a number of enzymes, amino acids, antibiotic substances and other biologically active substrates which add to the complex treatment-prophylactic effect of biopreparations from these bacteria. Prospects of the use of probiotics based on aerobic sporeforming bacteria in medicine and veterinary are considered. It is emphasized, in particular, that the potential multifactor character of the treatment-prophylactic efficiency of biological preparations from Bacillus is of positive value, since no negative effects are evoked by the known mechanisms of specific effect of aerobic sporeforming bacteria. This opens wide potentialities for improving the schemes and methods of application of probiotics from bacilli, creation of new forms of drugs on their base as well as to combine them with other preparations.