ABSTRACT
Two 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone ligands, (E)-2-(2-chlorobenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (HL(1)) and (E)-2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (HL(2)), and its ruthenium(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. The Schiff bases act as bidentate, monobasic chelating ligands with S and N as the donor sites and are preferably found in the thiol form in all the complexes studied. The molecular structure of HL(1) and HL(2) were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. DNA binding of the compounds was investigated by absorption spectroscopy which indicated that the compounds bind to DNA via intercalation. The oxidative cleavage of the complexes with CT-DNA inferred that the effects of cleavage are dose dependent. Antioxidant study of the ligands and complexes showed significant antioxidant activity against DPPH radical. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the ligands and complexes assayed against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines showed higher cytotoxic activity with the lower IC50 values indicating their efficiency in killing the cancer cells even at low concentrations.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Benzaldehydes/pharmacology , Coordination Complexes/pharmacology , DNA Cleavage/drug effects , DNA/metabolism , Ruthenium/pharmacology , Thiosemicarbazones/pharmacology , Animals , Cattle , Cell Death/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Crystallography, X-Ray , Electrons , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , HeLa Cells , Humans , MCF-7 Cells , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Conformation , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , TitrimetryABSTRACT
A novel copper(I) Schiff base complex has been synthesized and fully characterized by spectral, analytical and structural modes. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the copper(I) complex [CuCl(PPh3)L] has a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the central copper(I) ion. The interaction of the ligand and the complex with CT-DNA has been explored by absorption titration method which revealed that the compounds could interact with CT-DNA through intercalation. A gel electrophoresis assay demonstrated the ability of the complex to cleave the pBR322 DNA. The antioxidative properties showed that the copper(I) complex has a strong radical-scavenging potency than ligands. Further the cytotoxic effect of the compounds examined on cancerous cell lines showed that the complex exhibited substantial anticancer activity.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Coordination Complexes/chemistry , DNA/drug effects , Drug Design , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Organometallic Compounds/pharmacology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Binding Sites/drug effects , Cattle , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Copper/chemistry , Crystallography, X-Ray , DNA/chemistry , DNA Cleavage/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Free Radical Scavengers/chemical synthesis , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , HeLa Cells , Humans , Ligands , MCF-7 Cells , Models, Molecular , Molecular Structure , Organometallic Compounds/chemical synthesis , Organometallic Compounds/chemistry , Schiff Bases/chemical synthesis , Schiff Bases/chemistry , Schiff Bases/pharmacology , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Four new ruthenium(II) complexes with N(4)-methyl thiosemicarbazone ligands, (E)-2-(2-chlorobenzylidene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (HL(1)) and (E)-N-methyl-2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (HL(2)), were prepared and fully characterized by various spectro-analytical techniques. The Schiff bases act as bidentate, monobasic chelating ligands with S and N as the donor sites and are preferably found in the thiol form in all the complexes studied. The molecular structure of HL(1) and HL(2) were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. DNA binding of the compounds was investigated by absorption spectroscopy which indicated that the complexes bind to DNA via intercalation. The oxidative cleavage of the complexes with CT-DNA inferred that the effects of cleavage are dose dependent. Antioxidant studies of the ligands and complexes showed the significant antioxidant activity against DPPH radical. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the ligands and complexes against MCF-7 cell line was assayed which showed higher cytotoxic activity with the lower IC(50) values indicating their efficiency in killing the cancer cells even at low concentrations.
