ABSTRACT
Se presenta una experiencia práctica de implantación de la Cuádruple Hélice basada en el Modelo de Innovación de los Reference Sites de la Comisión Europea, a través del método Design Thinking. Este método establece que, para alcanzar con éxito el diseño de una solución digital, deben cubrirse cinco fases ineludibles: empatizar, definir, idear, prototipar y evaluar. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación-acción y se aplicaron técnicas cualitativas de recogida y análisis de información en cada fase: metasíntesis cualitativa, grupos focales, entrevistas biográficas, foros profesionales y comunitarios, técnicas de prototipado y testeo con personas usuarias. La aplicación sistemática de este método ha facilitado la consolidación de un modelo de trabajo cooperativo, en el que interactúan los principales agentes interesados en el envejecimiento activo y saludable. Se han creado así productos y servicios que satisfacen mejor las necesidades de las personas usuarias, haciéndolas parte activa del proceso de creación
This paper shows an experience of the practical implementation of the Quadruple Helix-Based Innovation Model of Reference Sites of the European Commission through the Design Thinking method. This method establishes that, in order to successfully achieve the design of a digital solution, five unavoidable phases must be covered: empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The process was approached using the research action design. Qualitative data collection and analysis techniques were applied in each phase: qualitative meta-synthesis, focus groups, biographical interviews, professional and community forums and techniques of prototyping and testing with users. The systematic application of this method has facilitated the consolidation of a cooperative work model in which the main key agents in active and healthy ageing interact. Thus, products and services have been developed to better meet the needs of the users, making them an active part of the creation process
Subject(s)
Humans , Healthy Aging/physiology , Healthy People Programs/organization & administration , 50207 , Community Participation/methods , Focus Groups/methods , Organizational Innovation , Models, Organizational , Software DesignABSTRACT
Objective: To demonstrate that vaginal application of boric acid and probiotics is effective for the treatment of vulvovaginitis and can be considered not only an alternative option, but also a first-line treatment.Material and methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, pilot trial with random allocation to the study treatment (150 mg boric acid + Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) or active control treatment (clotrimazole in candida vulvovaginitis and clindamycin in bacterial vulvovaginitis). All treatments were administered vaginally. The study population comprised 48 women aged >18 years with a suspected diagnosis of vulvovaginitis. We excluded patients who were menstruating or breastfeeding and patients who were pregnant (or planning to become pregnant) at baseline. We also excluded patients who had taken antibiotic treatment or probiotic prophylaxis in the previous 2 weeks and treatments that could interfere with the study. Similarly, we excluded patients infected by Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or Herpes simplex. Follow-up lasted 12 weeks and included 3 face-to-face contacts and 2 telephone calls. Results: Almost all patients (97.9%) were of childbearing age, 100% were sexually active, 77.1% had a history of vulvovaginitis, and 41.7% had recurrent vulvovaginitis. After treatment, the cure rate was 60.9% in the study treatment group and 62.5% in the control group. Vulvovaginitis improved in 39.1% and 33.3%, respectively, and no response was observed in 0% and 4.2% respectively, with no significant differences between the treatments. The Sobel score improved significantly (p<0.05) after 2 weeks of follow-up (study treatment, baseline=5.83±1.6 and 2 weeks=1.00±1.90; control treatment, baseline=6.13±3.03 and 2 weeks=1.30±2.72), although there were no significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Administration of boric acid and probiotics for treatment of vulvovaginitis proved to be as effective as the standard treatment for candida and bacterial vulvovaginitis. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings
Objetivo: Demostrar que la administración vaginal de ácido bórico y probióticos en vulvovaginitis oportunistas es un tratamiento eficaz, no solo como opción alternativa, sino también como primera opción terapéutica. Material y métodos: Ensayo piloto multicéntrico, abierto, con asignación aleatoria al tratamiento en estudio (150mg ácido bórico + L.gasseri y L.rhamnosus, AB+P) o al control (C) activo (clotrimazol en vulvovaginitis candidiásica y clindamicina en vulvovaginitis bacteriana), todos vía vaginal. Se incluyó 48 mujeres > 18 años, con diagnóstico de sospecha de vulvovaginitis. Se excluyó pacientes con menstruación, con lactancia, embarazadas (o susceptibles de embarazo) al inicio del estudio, con tratamiento antibiótico o profilaxis con probióticos en las 2 semanas previas y tratamientos que pudieran interferir. Se excluyó pacientes con infección por Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomona vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae o Herpes simplex. Se siguieron 12 semanas con 3 controles presenciales y 2 telefónicos. Resultados: 97,9% estaban en edad fértil, 100% eran sexualmente activas, 77,1% tenía antecedentes de vulvovaginitis y 41,7% sufría vulvovaginitis recurrentes. Tras el tratamiento, se logró resolución en un 60,9% con AB+P y un 62,5% con C, mejoría en 39,1% y 33,3% y ausencia de respuesta en 0% y 4,2% respectivamente, sin diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. Sobel score mostró mejoría significativa (p<0,05) tras 2 semanas de seguimiento (AB+P: basal=5,83±1,6 y 2sems=1,00±1,90, C: basal=6,13±3,03 y 2sems=1,30±2,72) sin diferencias entre grupos. Conclusiones: El tratamiento de vulvovaginitis con ácido bórico y probióticos resultó un recurso terapéutico igual de eficaz que los tratamientos estándar para vulvovaginitis candidiásica y bacteriana. Estudios más amplios podrían confirmarlo
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Boric Acids/therapeutic use , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Vulvovaginitis/drug therapy , Mycoses/drug therapy , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This paper shows an experience of the practical implementation of the Quadruple Helix-Based Innovation Model of Reference Sites of the European Commission through the Design Thinking method. This method establishes that, in order to successfully achieve the design of a digital solution, five unavoidable phases must be covered: empathize, define, ideate, prototype and test. The process was approached using the research action design. Qualitative data collection and analysis techniques were applied in each phase: qualitative meta-synthesis, focus groups, biographical interviews, professional and community forums and techniques of prototyping and testing with users. The systematic application of this method has facilitated the consolidation of a cooperative work model in which the main key agents in active and healthy ageing interact. Thus, products and services have been developed to better meet the needs of the users, making them an active part of the creation process.
Subject(s)
Healthy Aging , Models, Theoretical , Community Participation , Europe , Focus Groups , Humans , Meta-Analysis as Topic , Organizational Innovation , Qualitative Research , Review Literature as Topic , SoftwareABSTRACT
El estilo atribucional negativo o tendencia relativamente estable a explicar los resultados negativos mediante causas internas, estables y globales se ha asociado tanto con el desarrollo de sintomatología depresiva, como con diferentes índices de peor salud física. La tendencia a explicar los resultados positivos a través de causas internas, estables y globales, al que se denomina estilo explicativo autoensalzante, no ha recibido mucha atención, pero los datos apuntan a un posible rol protector. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el posible rol mediador de las estrategias de afrontamiento entre los diferentes estilos explicativos y el desarrollo de sintomatología depresiva. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que el uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento centradas en la emoción y la no utilización de las estrategias dirigidas a la solución de los problemas media la relación entre el estilo atribucional negativo y el desarrollo de síntomas depresivos, encontrándose el patrón contrario de resultados cuando se analizó el estilo explicativo autoensalzante
Negative attributional style or the relatively steady tendency to put poor outcomes down to internal, stable, and global causes, has been associated with the development of depressive symptoms and poor physical health. On the contrary, the tendency to put good outcomes down to internal, stable, and global causes (normally called enhancing explanatory style) has caught very little attention although results claim its protective role. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the likely mediating role of coping strategies between the explanatory styles and the development of depressive symptoms. Structural equation modelling showed that negative attributional style contributes to the development of depressive symptoms through the use of emotion-focused coping strategies and the non-use of problem-focused coping strategies. The opposite pattern was found for the enhancing explanatory style (AU)
