ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The relationship between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has long been established, and the prevalence of both conditions has grown together. Recent interest in NAFLD in nonobese individuals has led to an increasing number of studies, especially in Asia. Despite the fact that the prevalence of NAFLD in Latin America is one of the highest in the world, there is a lack of information on lean NAFLD populations from the region. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk of metabolic comorbidities across the whole body mass index spectrum when nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was first diagnosed in a Latin American population. METHODS: A single-center, cross-sectional study on Colombian patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD, within the time frame of 2010-2020, compared their metabolic biochemical profile, liver enzymes, risk of prevalent metabolic abnormalities, and liver disease. RESULTS: Data from 300 patients were collected. Ninety-two percent of the patients were men and the median patient age was 47 (IQR 20) years. We found no significant differences in the biochemical, metabolic profile, or liver enzyme plasma concentration between lean, overweight, and obese individuals. Obese patients had significantly higher LDL cholesterol, and a higher risk of dyslipidemia (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.14-3.05). Every 1kg increase in body weight increased the risk of having NASH by 2% (95% CI 2-4). CONCLUSIONS: We evaluated the metabolic risk across the entire body mass index spectrum in a Colombian cohort with NAFLD and presented the characteristics of what we believe is the first Latin American lean NAFLD population to be described.
ABSTRACT
El linfoma anaplásico de células grandes (LACG) es una enfermedad poco frecuente en la infancia. Su localización más habitual es ganglionar o cutánea; la presentación endobronquial es extremadamente rara. A continuación se presenta el caso clínico de un varón de 10 años, en el que se llegó al diagnóstico de LACG endobronquial casualmente, al realizarle estudios por una lesión ósea benigna, debido a la ausencia de síntomas respiratorios inicialmente (AU)
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a very rare disease in childhood. The most common location of this lymphoma is lymph node and skin, with endobronchial involvement being extremely rare. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy diagnosed by chance with an endobronchial anaplastic large cell lymphoma, while he was being investigated for a benign bone disease, due to the initial absence of respiratory symptoms (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Bronchial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Incidental Findings , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Spectrometry, GammaABSTRACT
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a very rare disease in childhood. The most common location of this lymphoma is lymph node and skin, with endobronchial involvement being extremely rare. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy diagnosed by chance with an endobronchial anaplastic large cell lymphoma, while he was being investigated for a a benign bone disease, due to the initial absence of respiratory symptoms.
Subject(s)
Bronchial Neoplasms , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic , Bronchial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Humans , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/diagnosis , MaleABSTRACT
Malignant thymoma is a very rare neoplasm in paediatric patients; it is usually associated with para-neoplastic syndromes, the most frequent is myasthenia gravis; some haematological abnormalities may also be present, such as pure red cell aplasia or aplastic anaemia. We report a 12-year-old boy suffering from a very large thymoma, treated with multiple chemotherapy, and who developed a severe aplastic anaemia after surgery. He had a poor response to immunosuppressive treatment and later developed massive pulmonary bleeding as a complication.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Aplastic/etiology , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/complications , Child , Humans , Male , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
El timoma maligno es una neoplasia rara en sujetos pediátricos y generalmente se asocia con síndromes paraneoplásicos; el más típico es la miastenia grave. También se describen alteraciones hematológicas, como la aplasia pura de serie roja o la aplasia medular completa. A continuación se presenta el caso de un varón de 12 años con un timoma maligno de gran tamaño tratado con poliquimioterapia. El sujeto desarrolló una aplasia medular grave después de la cirugía, con mala respuesta al tratamiento inmunosupresor, que evolucionó a hemorragia pulmonar masiva (AU)
Malignant thymoma is a very rare neoplasm in paediatric patients; it is usually associated with para-neoplastic syndromes, the most frequent is myasthenia gravis; some haematological abnormalities may also be present, such as pure red cell aplasia or aplastic anaemia. We report a 12-year-old boy suffering from a very large thymoma, treated with multiple chemotherapy, and who developed a severe aplastic anaemia after surgery. He had a poor response to immunosuppressive treatment and later developed massive pulmonary bleeding as a complication (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Anemia, Aplastic/etiology , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/complications , Severity of Illness IndexSubject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy , Hemofiltration , Methotrexate/pharmacokinetics , Osteosarcoma/drug therapy , Tibia , Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Bone Neoplasms/blood , Child , Cisplatin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Humans , Ifosfamide/administration & dosage , Male , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Methotrexate/adverse effects , Osteosarcoma/blood , gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase/supply & distribution , gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Anemia/diagnosis , Age Factors , Erythroblasts , Humans , Infant , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Anemia , Age Factors , Erythroblasts , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
If appropriate measures are applied early enough, it may be possible to totally prevent oral disease. The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that infants be scheduled for an initial oral evaluation within six months of the eruption of the first primary tooth but by no later than 12 months of age. The rationale for this recommendation is provided, although the recommendation itself is not universally accepted. Specific recommendations include elimination of bottles in bed, early use of soft-bristled toothbrushes (with parental supervision) and limitation of high-carbohydrate food intake after teeth have been brushed.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries/prevention & control , Oral Health , Oral Hygiene , Cariostatic Agents/administration & dosage , Child , Child, Preschool , Eating , Feeding Behavior , Fluorides/administration & dosage , Humans , Infant , Patient Education as Topic , Teaching MaterialsABSTRACT
Physicians who provide primary care for children are considered to be in a unique position to provide dental preventive care to their patients. No literature relates the amount of preventive oral health education that physicians receive during training. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of pediatricians and family physicians toward preventive dental care in children. A questionnaire was mailed to 398 pediatricians and 632 family physicians licensed to practice in the state of Alabama. The response rate after one mailing and a reminder was 46%. Physician's knowledge about many aspects of preventive dental care was good, but areas of great concern were identified. Overall, most respondents received 2 hr or less of preventive dental education during medical and specialty training. Pediatricians were better informed than family physicians in the areas of general dental knowledge and prevention counseling related to oral health (P < 0.05).
