Transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin-B (TRAMB) injection in orbital mucormycosis.

We aim to highlight the role of transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin-B (TRAMB) in cases of rhino-orbital mucormycosis. With the COVID-19 pandemic a rapid surge in the number of cases of rhino-orbital mucormycosis has been noted. The gold standard treatment for the progressive orbital disease is exenteration; however, organ salvage should be attempted, when possible. Here comes the role of TRAMB injection. We present a case of a man in his 70s, a known diabetic, who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia but developed left-sided axial proptosis with orbital apex syndrome and ophthalmic artery occlusion secondary to rhino-orbital mucormycosis. The patient underwent debridement of paranasal sinuses and received intravenous liposomal amphotericin-B and three TRAMB injections. After three TRAMB injections significant improvement in extraocular movements, proptosis and ptosis was noted. An early intervention in orbital disease can avert a more radical procedure.

Central retinal artery occlusion with cilioretinal sparing in a patient with Eisenmenger syndrome.

A young boy in his 20s presented with sudden diminution of vision in right eye 2 days ago. Best-corrected visual acuity was hand movement in right eye and 20/20 in left eye. Funduscopy demonstrated diffuse retinal opacification and swelling at the posterior pole with a cherry red spot at the macula. There was sparing of the superonasal macula with a patent cilioretinal artery. OCT showed diffuse inner retinal thickening of the temporal macula. He was diagnosed as central retinal artery occlusion with cilioretinal sparing in right eye. He was a known case of Eisenmenger syndrome secondary to a large congenital ventricular septal defect. Medical history was notable for prominent pulmonary hypertension and shortness of breath on exertion. Physical examination revealed a harsh systolic murmur. Extremities showed digital erythema and severe clubbing. Chest X-ray demonstrated cardiomegaly. Laboratory examination revealed haemoglobin-220 g/L, haematocrit-60%, serum iron-20 µg/dL.